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This paper analyses the collaborative design ofa high-technology product, a neuromagnetometerused in the analysis of the activity of thehuman cortex. The producer, Neuromag Company istrying to transform the device from a basicresearch instrument into a means of clinicalpractice. This transition is analyzed as asimultaneous evolution of the product,producer-user network and user activities. Thenetwork is analyzed as a network of activitysystems. Each activity has a historicallyformed object and a motive of its own, as wellas a system of cultural means and expertise. Weuse these to explain and understand theinterests and points of view of the actors inrelation to the product and the contradictionsof the producer-user network. It is suggestedthat the emerging user needs of collectiveactors must be analyzed at three levels. At thefirst level, the use value of the product, itscapacity of solving the vital problems andchallenges of developing user activities, ischaracterized. The second-level analysisconcerns the creation and development of thenecessary complementary tools and services thatmake the implementation and use of the productpossible. This task presupposes collaborationbetween several communities of the innovationnetwork. The third level is the situatedpractical use of the product. In ourexperience, it is advantageous that researcherscontribute with their data to a dialogue inwhich the user needs are articulated. 相似文献
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Distributed Coordination and Workflow on the World Wide Web 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Antonietta Grasso Jean-Luc Meunier Daniele Pagani Remo Pareschi 《Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)》1997,6(2-3):175-200
This paper describes WebFlow, an environment thatsupports distributed coordination services on theWorld Wide Web. WebFlow leverages the HTTP Webtransport protocol and consists of a number of toolsfor the development of applications that require thecoordination of multiple, distributed servers.Typical applications of WebFlow include distributeddocument workspaces, inter/intra-enterprise workflow,and electronic commerce. In this paper we describe thegeneral WebFlow architecture for distributedcoordination, and then focus on the environment fordistributed workflow. 相似文献
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Gijsbert Erkens Jeroen Janssen 《International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning》2008,3(4):447-470
Although protocol analysis can be an important tool for researchers to investigate the process of collaboration and communication,
the use of this method of analysis can be time consuming. Hence, an automatic coding procedure for coding dialogue acts was
developed. This procedure helps to determine the communicative function of messages in online discussions by recognizing discourse
markers and cue phrases in the utterances. Five main communicative functions are distinguished: argumentative, responsive, informative, elicitative, and imperative. A total of 29 different dialogue acts are specified and recognized automatically in collaboration protocols. The reliability
of the automatic coding procedure was determined by comparing automatically coded dialogue acts to hand-coded dialogue acts
by a human rater. The validity of the automatic coding procedure was examined using three different types of analyses. First,
an examination of group differences was used (dialogue acts used by female versus male students). Ideally, the coding procedure
should be able to distinguish between groups who are likely to communicate differently. Second, to examine the validity of
the automatic coding procedure through examination of experimental intervention, the results of the automatic coding procedure
of students, with access to a tool that visualizes the degree of participation of each student, were compared to students
who did not have access to this tool. Finally, the validity of the automatic coding procedure of dialogue acts was examined
using correlation analyses. Results of the automatic coding procedure of dialogue acts of utterances (form) were related to
results of a manual coding procedure of the collaborative activities to which the utterances refer (content). The analyses
presented in this paper indicate promising results concerning the reliability and validity of the automatic coding procedure
for dialogue acts. However, limitations of the procedure were also found and discussed. 相似文献
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Jane Pitcher 《Urban Policy and Research》2006,24(1):67-82
This article explores the role of qualitative and collaborative methods when undertaking evaluation research into local community safety partnerships and neighbourhood strategies. It draws on recent examples of research and evaluation studies of regeneration and community safety programmes in a number of cities and towns in England. The discussion is set against the background of the major changes in policy relating to crime and community safety, particularly the introduction of Crime and Disorder Partnerships and their engagement with local communities. The value of qualitative methods in exploring some key questions is discussed, particularly within a collaborative approach to policy research. 相似文献
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王燕红 《计算机光盘软件与应用》2012,(3):35-36
针对大多数图书馆管理系统中的个性化服务中的新书推荐只是定时将新到馆的图书罗列出来让读者浏览进行推荐,推荐效果差的问题。本文在比较三大常用的推荐技术的优缺点后,采用基于聚类分析的推荐算法推荐新书,并具体给出实现的方法。 相似文献
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在缺乏用户交互互补项目方面数据的情况下,将用户对项目的偏好融合到只考虑项目关系的互补项目推荐中,提高推荐模型的性能。提出一种基于知识图谱的互补项目推荐方法,在用户历史交互项目集中推测用户交互的互补项目,基于知识图谱提取用户对互补项目的偏好,利用图像与文本学习项目之间的互补关系,最后基于神经网络实现二者的共同学习。提出的方法在Amazon数据集上与次优的基线方法相比,ACC提升了7%,precision提升了3%,这说明提出的方法性能优异。该算法共同学习用户对项目的偏好与项目之间的互补关系,提升了推荐性能。 相似文献