翻译与英语教学

论述翻译环节在英语教学中的地位和作用,指出我国高等院校中普遍存在的忽视翻译环节的倾向,分析说明由此可能造成的严重后果,并针对目前学生在翻译方面普遍薄弱的问题提出提高翻译能力的办法及建议.     

以素质为本位能力为核心改革高职高专考核模式

针对当前考核模式存在的问题,分析考核模式改革的必要性、重要性、紧迫性,阐述考核模式改革的思路与方法.     

Major advances in teaching dairy production

A survey of 38 universities that grant 4-yr degrees as well as 12 institutions that grant technical degrees of 2 yr or less revealed that degree programs in dairy production remain popular, but have changed significantly over the last 25 yr. Enrollment in dairy production programs remains strong (1,189 and 417 students in baccalaureate and nonbaccalaureate degrees, respectively) even though this is viewed as a traditional industry. There are significant differences in size of programs across the United States, and some are struggling to maintain both the visibility and faculty numbers to keep pace with the industry. The percentage of students enrolled in 4-yr programs who are female has increased to the majority. More students hail from a nondairy farm background in our university programs today than in 1994. Computer and information technology has become a mainstream part of our educational programs. A high percentage of undergraduate students elect to engage in an internship or work experience, and there is a high correlation between internship and career paths selected by our students. The dairy industry initiated and financially supports the North American Intercollegiate Dairy Challenge; an educational activity among university teams to foster skills in analyzing a dairy farm business. This collaboration between universities and private industry is strong evidence that our undergraduate programs are relevant to the dairy industry. Extracurricular activities like dairy science clubs also remain popular, and are perceived by faculty members to be an important part of our educational experience. An analysis of nonbaccalaureate degree programs was not reported previously, but was a part of the present survey. In the nonbaccalaureate institutions that responded to the survey, there were 417 students enrolled in 12 dairy programs across the United States in 2004. This student population in nonbaccalaureate programs has a higher percentage of female enrollment than in 1994, but enrollment is still predominantly male. Computer and information technologies are an important part of their curricula and a very high percentage of these students remain in production agriculture upon graduation. Many of the challenges in undergraduate education described previously continue to be challenges in 2005. However, there are many reasons for optimism; as the number of students electing enrollment in dairy production remains strong, there is great interest in keeping the curricula relevant and interaction with and support by the dairy industry continues to be significant.     

高考志愿录取概率模型研究

高考是目前我国教育体制中最重要的考试之一,它关系到千万考生的切身利益,而志愿填报是其中的一个重要环节。采用概率模型的形式来描述高考志愿的录取情况,首先分析了各所高校录取分数的分布情况;接着探讨了考生成绩的标准化问题,在此基础上对历史数据进行了处理;然后提出了用矩阵的形式来存储历史数据,并给出了录取概率的计算方法;最后用湖南省2008年度的录取真实数据对模型进行了检验,实验结果表明该模型是合理的和可行的。     

高职院校模具专业订单培养模式及其配套课程体系优化的研究

自从教育部教高[2006]16号文件颁布以来,高职院校的订单培养问题一直是高职教育的一个热点,但在具体的实践过程中出现了不少的问题,如何解决这些问题一直是一个重要课题。本文分析了我国模具制造专业订单培养的必要性和被忽略的一些问题和困难。只有认真处理好这些问题才能有效实施这一人才培养模式,为模具制造专业的发展提供可靠保障。     

论地方高校形成办学特色的因素

面对市场经济条件下日益激烈的竞争,形成自己的办学特色已成为地方高校求生存、求发展的必要条件之一。湖南工业大学办学特色的成功说明,准确的办学定位是形成办学特色的立足点,特色学科专业是形成办学特色的切入点,创新性人才培养体系是形成办学特色的核心,服务社会是形成办学特色的动力源。     

Development and validation of the College Life Alcohol Salience Scale: A measure of beliefs about the role of alcohol in college life.

This article reports the development and validation of the College Life Alcohol Salience Scale (CLASS), which assesses college students’ beliefs about the centrality of alcohol to the college experience. Developed using procedures designed to increase its ecological validity, the CLASS was administered to three samples of college students (total N = 571). Its unidimensional factor structure was first established via exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis on one sample and then verified via confirmatory factor analysis on a separate sample. Scores on the CLASS were predictably related to a nomological network of drinking and personality variables and it provided incremental validity in accounting for drinking frequency and amount, when added to drinking motive scores. The importance of assessing and developing interventions to target the types of beliefs measured by the CLASS is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The language of motivational interviewing and feedback: Counselor language, client language, and client drinking outcomes.

Previous research has suggested that motivational interviewing (MI) may affect client language, which in turn predicts client drinking outcome. In this study, we examined the relationship between counselor language and client language, personalized feedback and client language, and client language and client drinking outcome, in a sample of heavy-drinking college students. MI was delivered in a single session with or without a personalized feedback report (MI with feedback [MIF]; MI only). Sessions were coded using the Motivational Interviewing Skill Code 2.1. A composite drinking outcome score was used, consisting of drinks per week, peak blood alcohol concentration, and protective drinking strategies. We found three main results. First, in the MIF group, MI consistent counselor language was positively associated with client change talk. Second, after receiving feedback, MIF clients showed lower levels of sustain talk, relative to MI only clients. Finally, in the MIF group, clients with greater change talk showed improved drinking outcomes at 3 months, while clients with greater sustain talk showed poorer drinking outcomes. These results highlight the relationship between counselor MI skill and client change talk, and suggest an important role for feedback in the change process. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Computerized versus motivational interviewing alcohol interventions: Impact on discrepancy, motivation, and drinking.

The authors conducted two randomized clinical trials with ethnically diverse samples of college student drinkers in order to determine (a) the relative efficacy of two popular computerized interventions versus a more comprehensive motivational interview approach (BASICS) and (b) the mechanisms of change associated with these interventions. In Study 1, heavy drinking participants recruited from a student health center (N = 74, 59% women, 23% African American) were randomly assigned to receive BASICS or the Alcohol 101 CD-ROM program. BASICS was associated with greater post-session motivation to change and self-ideal and normative discrepancy relative to Alcohol 101, but there were no group differences in the primary drinking outcomes at 1-month follow-up. Pre to post session increases in motivation predicted lower follow-up drinking across both conditions. In Study 2, heavy drinking freshman recruited from a core university course (N = 133, 50% women, 30% African American) were randomly assigned to BASICS, a web-based feedback program (e-CHUG), or assessment-only. BASICS was associated with greater post-session self-ideal discrepancy than e-CHUG, but there were no differences in motivation or normative discrepancy. There was a significant treatment effect on typical weekly and heavy drinking, with participants in BASICS reporting significantly lower follow-up drinking relative to assessment only participants. In Study 2, change in the motivation or discrepancy did not predict drinking outcomes. Across both studies, African American students assigned to BASICS reported medium effect size reductions in drinking whereas African American students assigned to Alcohol 101, e-CHUG, or assessment did not reduce their drinking. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

电子信息技术背景下的高校体育教学

针对利用电子信息技术进行高校体育教学,可有效提高教学效率。计算机多媒体技术的应用,可有效提高学生的兴趣、优化课堂教学提高教学的质量。文中对电子信息技术在当前高校体育教学中的应用意义进行分析,并在此基础上提出了建议。