添加造孔剂法制备开孔泡沫铝及其性能研究

以球形尿素颗粒为造孔剂,采用传统的粉末冶金工艺制备开孔泡沫铝并研究了其性能.结果表明,添加造孔剂法制备的泡沫铝可以任意控制孔隙率及孔径的大小,且孔结构良好,保持了造孔剂的形状;高的烧结温度使泡沫铝的压缩强度提高,但过高的温度将导致孔壁熔化.本试验制成的泡沫铝其压缩曲线和泡沫金属典型压缩曲线相似,且抗压强度和经典理论计算结果一致.     

基于同轴图像传感的激光焊接过程质量监测技术

针对激光焊接过程中由于参数不匹配、装配误差等原因造成的焊接过程不稳定等焊接缺陷,基于同轴图像传感技术,建立起一套激光焊接过程中的质量在线监测系统,对焊接过程中的熔池图像进行了采集分析及其熔池特征信息的提取. 结果表明,在激光功率为1 500 W的不等厚不锈钢薄板激光焊接试验条件下,焊接过程中的不稳定、下塌缺陷以及焊偏现象与熔池形状各特征信息变化具有一定的相关性. 结合BP神经网络算法对所提特征信息进行分类、识别,基于LabVIEW软件平台,可实现相应缺陷的自动化识别及报警功能.     

Kinetic modeling of the hydrolysis of carbon disulfide catalyzed by either titania or alumina

The reaction rates for the hydrolysis of CS₂ on either alumina (Kaiser 201) or titania (CRS 31) were measured at 150 kPa and from 270 to 330°C using a laboratory Berty reactor over ranges of water concentration (2–12 mol%) and CS₂ concentration (0.5–2 mol%). Four mechanism-related model functions were tested in the search for the best-fitting rate function by using non-linear regression techniques. The results show that the Eley-Rideal rate function best-fitted the kinetics using either Kaiser 201 or CRS 31 with different parameters. The kinetic parameters obtained confirm that CRS 31 appears to have the higher activity of the two catalysts for CS₂ hydrolysis. The strong adsorption of water vapor on each of the two catalysts studied inhibits the hydrolysis rate and affords an effective reaction order close to zero for H₂O, possibly by saturating the catalysis surface and reducing the fraction of catalyst surface available for CS₂ and COS adsorption.     

用于铝合金MIG焊的机器人熔池视觉传感系统

建立了用于铝合金脉冲MIG焊熔池图像检测的机器人视觉传感系统。介绍了传感系统的光学参数应用窄带滤光的方法成功解决了强弧光干拢。通过大量试验,获取了清晰的焊接熔池区图像,并利用形态学方法获得了满意的熔池边缘图像,为进一步实现铝合金MIG焊接过程控制创造了条件。     

CO2焊接熔池直接视觉图像传感研究

应用被动式视觉传感方法进行CO2焊焊接熔池的形状检测。为了消除弧光干扰并获得清晰的熔池图像,设计了由窄带滤光片、中性密度滤光片和普通焊接滤光片构成的复合滤光系统。基于CO2焊焊接弧光的光谱分布特征,首先确定了窄带滤光窗口机心波长为632．8nm。然后,通过实验确定了中性密度滤光片和普通焊接滤光片的规格,以及它们与窄带滤光片的最佳组合方式。图像检测实验结果表明,该复合滤光系统有效地消除了弧光干扰,获得了高质量的熔池图像。同时,对CO2焊焊接熔池的图像特征进行了初步分析,为进一步进行熔池图像处理和焊缝成型控制的研究奠定了基础。     

模拟污染潮湿大气环境下LY12CZ、LC4CS铝合金腐蚀行为研究

建立了基于电化学噪声测试技术(EN)的铝合金大气腐蚀实时监检测方法.设计并制作了配套的电解池.运用所建立方法测试并计算得到了LY12CZ、LC4CS铝合金在pH值为中性恒温恒湿的模拟近海、海洋大气以及工业污染大气环境中的噪声电阻Rn和电位噪声功率密度谱高频线性部分斜率K,从腐蚀速度和腐蚀类型两方面研究了两种铝合金在模拟污染潮湿大气环境下的腐蚀行为,以及Cl-、NO3-和SO42-对铝合金大气腐蚀行为的影响和协同作用.     

圆柱导体绝对式双参数涡流检测技术的误差评价

针对圆柱导体双参数涡流检测传感器在实际中出现的部分数据误差较大的现象,通过理论推导对检测技术的数学模型进行了误差分析,建立了误差评价公式,绘制了误差分布图.实验验证了评价方法的正确性,根据评价结果找出了圆柱导体绝对式双参数涡流传感器减小误差所应具备的工作条件.     

Flow behavior and microstructure evolution of TB8 alloy during hot deformation process

Hot compression tests of metastable β titanium alloy TB8 were carled out using a Gleeble-1500 thermal simulation testing machine in the temperature range of 750-1 100 ℃, at constant strain rate from 0.01 s^-1 to l S^-1 and with height direction reduction of 60%. Flow stress behavior and microstructure evolution during hot compression of TB8 alloy were investigated. The hyperbolic-sine-type constitutive model of TB8 alloy was obtained to provide basic data for determining reasonable forming process. The results indicate that hot deformation behavior of TB8 alloy is highly sensitive to the temperature and strain rate. An analysis of the flow stress dependence on strain rate and temperature gives a stress exponent of n=3.416 19 and a deformation activation energy of Ω=227.074 4 kJ/mol. According to the deformation microstructure, no dynamic recrystallization happens below r-phase transus temperature and as a result dynamic recovery is the predominant softening mechanism. On the other hand, the main softening mechanism is characterized as dynamic recrystallization at a slow strain rate above r-phase transus temperature.     

差动传感测量釉层热应力

本文介绍一种以差动传感原理测量冷却过程中釉层热应力的方法及装置，并对该装置的测量误差进行了分析。     

SnO2纳米粉体制备及其气敏性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出尺寸小于100nm的SnO2纳米粉体，并采用XRD，TEM等手段对其进行表征，进而将粉体制成旁热式气敏元件测试其气敏性能。结果表明，粉体的尺寸随热处理温度的变化较大，所制气敏元件具有优良的气敏特性，响应恢复时间可以保证其正常使用，但功耗较大，灵敏度较高，尤其对甲烷有较高的灵敏度。