基于区域限制的EM和图割的非监督彩色图像分割方法

提出一种基于区域限制的EM(Expectation Maximization)和图割的非监督彩色图像分割方法,以解决自动确定分割类数问题.首先,生成图像的超像素,提取图像的CIE Lab颜色特征和多尺度四元数Gabor滤波特征;为了高效自动地确定分割类数,同时避免因直接使用超像素造成的奇异值问题,对每一个超像素采样并使用采样像素表示超像素;然后采用高斯混合模型对采样像素集合进行建模,使用加入区域限制的分量EM自动获取模型组件数及参数,最后使用图割结合高斯混合模型对图像进行优化,获取最终分割结果.实验结果表明,该方法在分割效率和分割质量上均得到较大提升.     

Stress relaxation and creep in an impression test

A localized stress relaxation technique is described suitable for testing miniature structures and components. The actual size of the area that can be tested depends on the size of the indenter and the sensitivity of the load measurement device. However, the indenter should not be so small that macroscopic theory of deformation cannot be used. The technique described includes a quantitative treatment of the data which can be handled by a computer. Extensive data collection can be made so that many deformation parameters can be examined by using this simple test.     

反演技术和频谱成像技术在储层预测中的综合应用

井约束地震反演技术县有很好的垂向分辨能力，在储层横向变化不大时反演效果很好，但如果储层的横向变化十分复杂，反演技术的局限性就非常突出，要获得好的反常效果很困难。基于薄层反射调谐原理的频谱成像技术不依赖于井资料，只与地震资料的品质有关，对于储层边界，非均质及厚度的成像，分辨率尤其是横向分辨率要高于传统的宽带地震分辨率。中国东部H区块S构造带，主要目标地层厚度变化大，构造复杂，目标储层主要由砂岩、砾岩、凝灰质砾岩和火山碎屑岩组成，非均质性强。综合应用反演技术和频谱成像技术对其含油气储层的分布范围进行了预测，预测结果与验证井吻合很好。     

双基发射药黏弹特性与本构模型研究

为研究双基发射药的黏弹性和力学响应特点,对双基发射药开展了黏弹特性与本构方程研究。通过拉伸、压缩、断面观察和应力松弛实验研究,明确了双基发射药的黏弹性质;然后以Reduced Polynomial （N=5）模型和Prony级数建立了双基发射药的超弹-黏弹模型,利用实验数据获取了模型参数;最后对所建立的双基发射药超弹-黏弹模型进行了验证。结果表明,双基发射药超弹本构模型对单轴拉伸应力应变的仿真结果与实验结果之间的误差不高于5.01%,超弹-黏弹本构模型对应力松弛的仿真结果与实验结果之间的误差不超过6.49%,说明建立的双基发射药超弹-黏弹本构模型能够较好地描述双基发射药的力学特性,能够为发射药力学性能研究提供重要的研究方法和仿真手段。     

基于SL0的高分辨率Radon变换及数据重建

L₀范数是度量数据稀疏度的最优方法,但它具有的非凸性造成求解困难。本文将光滑L₀范数（Smoothed L₀ Norm,SL₀）稀疏约束引入Radon变换中,降低了其求解难度,并进一步提高了Radon变换的分辨率。即通过构建平滑的连续函数逼近L₀范数,以此作为抛物线Radon变换的目标函数,采用最速下降法和梯度投影原理获得最优解。理论模型和实际地震数据重建试验结果表明,该方法进一步提高了Radon变换分辨率,较好地恢复了缺失地震数据的连续性和AVO特性。     

The revisit of QoS routing based on non‐linear Lagrange relaxation

The development of efficient quality of service (QoS) routing algorithms in a high‐speed networking or the next generation IP networking environment is a very important and at the same time very difficult task due to the need to provide divergent services with multiple QoS requirements. Recently, a heuristic algorithm H_MCOP, which is based on a non‐linear Lagrange relaxation (NLR) technique, has been proposed to resolve the contradiction between the time complexity and the quality of solution. Even though H_MCOP has demonstrated outstanding capability of finding feasible solutions to the multi‐path constrained (MCP) problem, it has not exploited the full capability that an NLR‐based technique could offer. In this paper, we propose a new NLR‐based heuristic called NLR_MCP, in which the search process is interpreted from a probability's perspective. Simulation results indicate that NLR_MCP can achieve a higher probability of finding feasible solutions than H_MCOP. We also verify that the performance improvement of a MCP heuristic has a tremendous impact on the performance of a higher level heuristic that uses a MCP heuristic as the basic step. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Direct and Indirect Exciton Dynamics in Few‐Layered ReS2 Revealed by Photoluminescence and Pump‐Probe Spectroscopy

Atomically thin‐layered ReS₂ with a distorted 1T structure has attracted attention because of its intriguing optical and electronic properties. Here, the direct and indirect exciton dynamics of a three‐layered ReS₂ is investigated by polarization‐resolved transient photoluminescence (PL) and ultrafast pump‐probe spectroscopy. The various time scales of the decay signals of the time‐resolved PL (<10 ps), with monitoring of the populations of electron–hole pairs (exciton), and the transient differential reflectance (≈1 and 100 ps), with monitoring of the populations of electrons and/or holes in the excited states, are observed. These results reveal the characteristic exciton dynamics: rapid relaxation of direct excitons (electron–hole pairs) and slow relaxation of the momentum‐mismatched indirect excitons accompanied by a one‐phonon emission process. These findings provide important information regarding the indirect bandgap nature of few‐layered ReS₂ and its characteristic exciton dynamics, boosting the understanding of the novel electronic and optical properties of atomically thin‐layered ReS₂.     

复杂构造转换波静校正方法研究及应用

目前转换波静校正技术方法众多,已成为多分量勘探不可或缺的重要组成部分。然而,这些方法还面临一些实际困难和问题：(1)面波反演法存在面波发散、难以确定频散周期及复杂探区面波信噪比低、频散曲线拾取困难等问题;(2)初至波静校正方法中的层析反演和折射法的转换波初至信噪比低,尤其在复杂探区拾取初至很难;(3)共检波点道集叠加纵波构造约束法要求地下反射界面变化相对平缓或者水平。因此,上述方法目前都不适合复杂构造转换波静校正。为此,提出一种复杂构造转换波静校正方法,具体步骤为：(1)通过层位拉平方法消除转换波静校正构造项,克服层位基本水平的限制。首先拾取P-P波CMP叠加信噪比较高的构造层位,并计算层位拉平投影时差,用投影时差“拉平”叠前数据;(2)将层位拉平数据转换到共检波点域并重新完成共检波点P-P波速度分析,以使共检波点道集的每道速度相同,消除复杂构造横向速度剧烈变化及速度分析精度不高造成的道间动校正误差,既可以使共检波点同相叠加、提高信噪比,又减少了速度精度不高对地震道剩余静校正量的影响;(3)把P-P波构造层位拉平的投影时差转换到P-SV域拉平P-SV波叠前数据,在共检波点域重新完成P-...     

带约束的一维时频电磁联合反演研究

利用时频电磁资料可同时获取时间域及频率域电磁信息。相比单一时间域或频率域电磁信号,综合利用时频电磁信息可明显提高电性反演精度。为获得精细地电模型,基于正则化反演方法,融合数据约束、模型约束及步长约束,提出一种一维自适应时频电磁联合反演算法。该算法对时间域和频率域数据平衡因子及正则化因子采用自适应调整方案,同时将模型参数搜索范围约束与WOLFE准则相结合,在限制参数搜索范围的同时约束迭代步长,确保反演的稳定性和精度。使用经典层状模型、含噪声的页岩气地电模型及实测数据对该反演方法进行测试与分析,结果表明带约束的时频电磁联合反演方法可有效提高复杂模型电阻率反演的分辨率,对提高时频电磁方法油气藏识别精度具有实际意义。     

A1.3 μm strained quantum well laser on a graded InGaAs buffer with a GaAs substrate

We grew a 1.3 μm strained-layer quantum well (SL-QW) laser with InGaP cladding layers on a lattice-relaxation buffer layer by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. For the lattice-relaxation buffer, we used a compositionally graded InGaAs/GaAs structure. The significantly reduced surface roughness of the InGaP cladding layers achieved by supplying a large amount of H₂Se enables CW operation of our 1.3 μm SL-QW laser. We achieved a low threshold current of less than 10 mA and a high characteristic temperature of 100K around room temperature.