卫星舱布局CAD系统:Pro/Engineer二次开发若干关键技术

以简化的国际商业通信卫星（INTELSAT-Ⅲ）舱内布局设计为背景,探讨基于Pro/Engineer二次开发的该CAD系统若干关键技术.包括开发版本和模式的选择、应用程序的界面定制和流程控制、布局子空间的定义与划分、自动装配定位技术的实现以及Pro/Engineer软件中各功能模块的外包利用等.上述二次开发技术经该布局系统验证,有助于Pro/Engineer二次开发过程的研究与应用.     

磷酸三丁酯络合萃取煤气化废水中的酚

研究了磷酸三丁酯（TBP）-正辛醇萃取煤气化废水中的酚。实验考察了TBP浓度、温度对萃取过程中分配系数的影响规律,确定了萃取产物的结构组成及反应焓变,通过液液萃取模型理论建立了TBP萃取酚的分配系数模型,且以煤气化废水为实验水样验证了分配系数模型的准确性。结果表明：TBP浓度越大,萃取分配系数越大,当TBP体积分数由10%增至50%时,萃取分配系数由17.6增至61.4;温度升高,萃取分配系数降低,温度由30℃升至70℃时,萃取分配系数由42.9降至34.7;TBP浓度对萃取分配系数模型有影响,且平均相对误差控制在1.14%;温度对萃取分配系数模型有影响,且平均相对误差控制在0.87%。通过模型预估及实际实验值的对比,该萃取分配系数模型在预测煤气化废水萃取分配系数上具有较高的可信度。     

Effect of surface active additives on partitioning of proteins and enzymes in poly(ethylene glycol)/dextran aqueous two-phase systems

The effect of anionic (sodium butylbenzene sulfonate, sodium butylmonoglycol sulfate), cationic (tetrabutyl ammonium bromide), nonionic(Tween 20) and amphoteric (proline) surface active additives on the partitioning of proteins and enzymes, such as BSA, lysozyme, glucose oxidase and β-lactoglobulin, in a bipolymeric aqueous two-phase system of polyethylene glycol and dextran has been studied. The partitioning of proteins and enzymes in the aqueous two-phase system is influenced by surface active additives depending upon their structure and charge. The amphiphiles themselves partition unevenly between the two phases. Their effect on protein partitioning can be explained on the basis of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. In the presence of ionic amphiphiles, proteins have an affinity for the other phase if an amphiphile carrying a charge of the same sign partitions to that phase. The hydrophobic effect contributes to protein partitioning if the proteins have significant members of surface hydrophobic amino acid residues. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry     

Effects of water solubility of acrylonitrile on vinylidene chloride/acrylonitrile/styrene suspension polymerization

The water solubility of acrylonitrile (AN) and its effects on vinylidene chloride/acrylonitrile/styrene (VDC/AN/St) suspension copolymerization were investigated in this study. It shows that the VDC/St ratio and the presence of suspending agent have no obvious influences on AN phase partition between the monomer and aqueous phases, whereas the water solubility of AN increases as temperature increases. Polymerization in the aqueous phase occurs extensively with azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) as initiator, whereas with lauryl peroxide (LPO) as initiator, polymerization in the aqueous phase is negligible. Theoretical analysis and experimental results indicate that transport of the monomer molecule is possible during polymerization. Both VDC and AN transfer from the monomer phase to the aqueous phase when AIBN is used as initiator. AN transfers from the aqueous phase to the monomer phase for the polymerization system initiated by LPO. Sodium nitrite (NaNO₂), but not sodium sulfide (Na₂S), can be used to effectively inhibit polymerization in water and exerts less influence on the polymerization in the monomer phase. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 1431–1438, 2001     

Enhanced high-order information extraction for multiphase batch process fault monitoring

Conventional independent component analysis (ICA) monitoring methods extract the feature information of process data by selecting more important independent components (ICs), which discard a small part of ICs that may contain useful information for faults, leading to unsatisfactory monitoring results. However, when the number of sampling points is greater than that of process variables, the ICA monitoring model does not work well. To address the aforementioned problems, a novel monitoring method, multiphase enhanced high-order information extraction (MEHOIE), is proposed in this paper. The entire production process was first divided into several steady phases and transition phases by the affinity propagation (AP) phase partitioning method. The enhanced high-order information extraction (EHOIE) model was then built in each phase for fault monitoring. Finally, the algorithm was applied in the penicillin simulation platform and industrial microbial pharmaceutical process. The flexibility and superiority of this algorithm were verified by comparing it with other conventional methods.     

基于树形分布的电压控制分区

从改善电压质量和减少网损考虑,无功功率应尽力避免远距离输送,尽量做到就地平衡。为此对电力系统无功／电压分级分布式优化控制模式下的电力系统分区方法进行了研究,提出了一种基于树形分布的电压控制分区方法。在形成反映系统各节点分布的电气距离特性的树形分布表基础上利用专家系统按照各区域的不同要求进行区域划分和调整优化。保证了系统分区结果的合理性与目的性。     

基于裕度因子的多风电场站集群频率协调控制策略

为提升高比例电力电子装备电力系统的涉网频率性能,提出了一种基于裕度因子的多风电场站集群频率协调控制方法。对于多风电场站集群系统一次调频功率的分配问题,综合考虑转子转速及变流器容量运行条件后,利用等比例裕度因子的一次调频功率分配方法,将有功功率指令下发给各风电场站。针对各风电场站中虚拟惯量、虚拟阻尼系数的制定问题,研究了一种基于可释放动能的频率调节参数分区设置方法。将各风电场站运行状态通过频率响应的变化趋势进行分区,并在此基础上结合可用调频动能对频率调节参数进行合理灵活的设置。仿真结果表明所提方法充分利用了各风电场站的调频资源,提高了高比例电力电子装备电力系统的频率稳定性,为新型电力系统的频率安全性提供了相应的技术保障。     

武汉市区地下水地源热泵系统应用适宜性分区

影响地下水地源热泵系统应用适宜性的主要因素为水文地质条件和对环境的影响程度。文章阐述了武汉市区岩土的工程地质条件、水文地质条件,分析了地下水地源热泵系统应用对环境产生的影响,采用多种方法对武汉市区地下水资源量进行了计算,在此基础上,考虑水文地质条件和对环境的影响程度两个主要因素,将武汉市区地下水地源热泵系统应用划分为适宜区、基本适宜区、适宜性差和不适宜区4个区,并进行了分区评价。     

程潮铁矿联合开采隔离矿柱合理厚度研究

程潮铁矿矿体随开采水平下降而逐渐西移, 导致选厂下保安矿柱的矿量逐渐增加。为了保护地表选厂同时尽可能回收矿石资源, 程潮铁矿采用充填法回收保安矿柱和无底柱分段崩落法开采塌陷坑下矿体联合开采回收-430~-500 m阶段矿体。为了防止两种采矿方法交界处的采矿活动相互影响, 采用数值模拟方法, 选取15 m、20 m和25 m厚度的隔离矿柱分别建立了联合开采数值模型模拟开采, 得到联合开采后地表沉降以及充填采场的安全系数, 并对其进行比较。结果表明, 隔离矿柱厚度为20 m时, 选厂地表监测点的沉降值较小, 充填采场安全系数较高, 能够满足选厂和充填采场安全性要求, 同时矿柱压矿量少, 经济效益较优。研究结果能够为矿山的实际生产提供一定的指导。     

广西壮族人居建筑文化分区

自然背景和人文背景是决定壮族人居文化呈区域性分布的关键因素。自然条件对聚落人居的选址、规模以及外观形态等影响较大,而人文环境则对于聚落人居的空间组织秩序、民居内部的空间序列关系、建筑结构等起决定作用。基于这些因素,以聚落形态、民居平面型制与构架形式作为依据,该文将广西壮族人居建筑分为桂西北干栏区、桂西及桂西南干栏区、桂中西部次生干栏区与桂东汉化地居区等四个分区,并从聚落、民居平面、构架形式等方面比较其异同。最后,就广西建筑文化分区的特点进行了总结,指出了建筑文化分区并不等同于文化分区、族群分区以及方言分区,而具有其自身的独立性与包容性。