“龙腾R2”微处理器模块级验证

针对"龙腾R2"微处理器验证过程中的存在验证规模大,人力资源不足的问题,采用流水线模型构建随机的指令序列生成器,搭建以功能覆盖率为导向的自动化验证平台;该平台在仿真验证过程中能根据处理器的运行状态及覆盖率实时地调整指令流以侧重当前验证不充分的功能模块,实现自动化验证;通过仿真,与传统方法相比,在达到同等验证程度的情况下,使用该平台验证周期明显缩短,同时验证覆盖率也有所提高。     

On guiding the augmentation of an automated test suite via mutation analysis

Mutation testing has traditionally been used as a defect injection technique to assess the effectiveness of a test suite as represented by a “mutation score.” Recently, mutation testing tools have become more efficient, and industrial usage of mutation analysis is experiencing growth. Mutation analysis entails adding or modifying test cases until the test suite is sufficient to detect as many mutants as possible and the mutation score is satisfactory. The augmented test suite resulting from mutation analysis may reveal latent faults and provides a stronger test suite to detect future errors which might be injected. Software engineers often look for guidance on how to augment their test suite using information provided by line and/or branch coverage tools. As the use of mutation analysis grows, software engineers will want to know how the emerging technique compares with and/or complements coverage analysis for guiding the augmentation of an automated test suite. Additionally, software engineers can benefit from an enhanced understanding of efficient mutation analysis techniques. To address these needs for additional information about mutation analysis, we conducted an empirical study of the use of mutation analysis on two open source projects. Our results indicate that a focused effort on increasing mutation score leads to a corresponding increase in line and branch coverage to the point that line coverage, branch coverage and mutation score reach a maximum but leave some types of code structures uncovered. Mutation analysis guides the creation of additional “common programmer error” tests beyond those written to increase line and branch coverage. We also found that 74% of our chosen set of mutation operators is useful, on average, for producing new tests. The remaining 26% of mutation operators did not produce new test cases because their mutants were immediately detected by the initial test suite, indirectly detected by test suites we added to detect other mutants, or were not able to be detected by any test.

一种支持大规模数据逻辑函数优化的改进选拔算法

选拔算法是两级逻辑综合中求解最小化覆盖的经典方法之一,但在输出变量集合和质立方体集合规模较大的情况下,采用选拔法求最小化覆盖存在空间复杂度高、求解时间长等问题。为此,提出了求解多输出函数最小化覆盖的改进选拔算法。利用相交迭代和局部搜索的思想,分别对选拔法的极值运算和分支处理进行了改进。实验结果表明,在现有计算机资源条件下,该算法为大规模数据条件下逻辑函数的优化提供了一种有效的方法。     

4G载波向5G重耕之前的5G业务覆盖能力研究

为了满足低成本建设5G广覆盖网络的需求,需要提前研究低频3G、4G网络向5G重耕的最佳方案。在没有进行重耕,因而没有理想的低频5G测试环境的情况下,采用理论分析的手段进行重耕后的覆盖能力估算。以未来L900重耕用于5G广覆盖为例,探讨了链路预算的关键设定、模型选择等问题,并通过多个本地网实际测试数据间接验证估算结果的合理性。所得结论已实际应用于某大运营商对全国900 MHz网络的规划方案,对于指导网络重耕具有重要的借鉴意义,也为面向覆盖和感知的6G网络演进及重耕提供了参考模型。     

一种基于介质加载的地球覆盖波束天线设计

地球覆盖波束天线为低轨卫星与地面终端之间的数据传输建立了通道,文中研究了一种新型的介质 加载地球覆盖波束天线。基于介质加载的方法,文中提出了一种圆极化地球覆盖波束天线设计,该天线由馈电网 络、馈源和介质三部分组成,介质包括底部圆柱部分和顶部半球部分,馈源集成于介质内部。设计的地球覆盖波束 天线工作在C 波段,轴向0°~64°范围内增益在0 dBic 以上,40°方向增益为5. 2 dBic。天线尺寸紧凑,辐射波束具有 较好的空间截止特性,可满足立方星应用。     

面向安卓自动化测试工具综合评估

自动化测试工具是安卓应用质量保障的主要手段.随着安卓版本多样性、底层硬件差异性(碎片化)以及逻辑复杂性增加,自动化测试迎来新的挑战.为解决这些问题,近年来,业界开发出大量自动化测试工具.但是现有工具数量多,并且测试重点多样,测试人员选择工具时存在一定的困扰.为帮助测试人员选择最佳测试工具,实现对自动化测试工具的统一评估,提出了面向安卓自动化测试工具多特征综合评估方法(comprehensiveevaluation of Android automated testing, CEAT),并将其实现为便于测试人员使用的平台. CEAT在引入测试领域广泛接受的3个评估指标,即代码覆盖率、异常检出率、融合多版本兼容度得分的基础上,进一步基于变异测试的思想引入变异杀死率,并从用户体验出发引入UI控件覆盖率.以上5个指标构成CEAT整个体系,从而实现安卓自动化测试工具的综合多维评估.为验证CEAT的效果,生成了1 089个变异应用的待测应用集,在包含6个移动设备的真机集群中部署实验,对5个自动化测试工具适配并执行5 040次测试任务.最终结果表明:i) 5个指标从不同角度对自动化测试工具进行评估,...     

最小权点覆盖下的智能电表通信故障区域预警方法

电表通信故障预警可以保证智能电表的通信安全,有利于实现对智能电能表的全过程质量管控。但是,智能电表的工作轨迹具有随机性,跟踪难度较大,其故障变量信息的提取难度较大。为此,提出了基于最小权点覆盖的智能电表通信故障区域预警方法。利用智能电表运行状态的观测向量作为故障检测的关键变量,计算出运行状态观测向量的平均轨迹。根据智能电表通信故障数据变量在不同时刻的运行轨迹,提取出智能电表通信故障的关键变量信息,完成智能电表通信故障的检测。在最小权点覆盖下,采集智能电表通信故障数据。利用Fisher准则,计算出智能电表通信故障属性的重要程度,通过设计智能电表通信故障区域预警算法,实现智能电表通信故障区域的预警。实验结果表明,研究方法可以成功预警智能电表通信故障,通过较高的预警准确率确保了智能电表的稳定运行。     

一种室外无线覆盖方案的设计与实现

随着移动互联网的发展,智能手机的快速普及,无线网络迅速融入当代人的主流生活,逐渐成为人们工作、学习与生活的基本需求。为了提高用户满意度,进一步提高网络覆盖面积,实现园区室外无线覆盖,文章提出了一种园区室外无线覆盖解决方案,有效解决了用户室外无线上网的需求。     

An improved multi-objective genetic algorithm for heterogeneous coverage RFID network planning

Recent research has demonstrated the potential benefits of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology in the supply chain and production management via its item-level visibility. However, the RFID coverage performance is largely impacted by the surrounding environment and potential collisions between the RFID devices. Thus, through RFID network planning (RNP) to achieve the desired coverage within the budget becomes a key factor for success. In this study, we establish a novel and generic multi-objective RNP model by simultaneously optimising two conflicted objectives with satisfying the heterogeneous coverage requirements. Then, we design an improved multi-objective genetic algorithm (IMOGA) integrating a divide-and-conquer greedy heuristic algorithm to solve the model. We further construct a number of computational cases abstracted from an automobile mixed-model assembly line to illustrate how the proposed model and algorithm are applied in a real RNP application. The results show that the proposed IMOGA achieves highly competitive solutions compared with Pareto optimal solutions and the solutions given by four recently developed well-known multi-objective evolutionary and swarm-based optimisers (SPEA2, NSGA-II, MOPSO and MOPS²O) in terms of solution quality and computational robustness.     

On the performance of different capability indices under normal and non-normal distributions

In this article, we have examined the performance of some useful capability indices using normal and non-normal distributions. The confidence intervals are calculated and mean coverage rates are observed for different capability indices. The effects of symmetry and kurtosis of parent distributions are examined on the mean coverage rates of different capability indices. Moreover, we have investigated the robustness (of confidence interval) using the median and percentile-based indices. We have considered the well-known distributions including normal, gamma, t, Weibull, and chi-squared. For these process scenarios, we have observed that some indices resist disturbance only in symmetry of the parent distribution, some resist the disturbance in symmetry and kurtosis of the distribution, and some indices don’t resist against either type of disturbance.