控制剩余油空间分布的地质影响因素——以吉林油田新立采油厂V区块扶杨油层为例

新立油田V区块水驱油藏已经进入特高含水期,其剩余油分布特征是总体分散、局部集中,仍存在较多的剩余油富集区。以剩余油富集规律为主线,在前期静态地质工作研究的基础上,开展了多种地质因素对剩余油分布及其富集规律的影响研究。研究结果表明,有一定规模剩余可采储量的剩余油富集区主要受沉积微相、隔夹层、韵律分布等地质因素所控制,总体上是在微相的边部,隔夹层发育的部位是剩余油的主要富集区,在韵律控制剩余油垂向分布的条件下,可以对剩余油进行有效的挖潜。     

A Study on the Development Technology of Sidetracking Wells in Fault Block Reservoirs During the High Water Cut Stage

The Dongxin oil region has complex geological conditions and multiple types of fault block reservoirs. To enhance oil recovery, the development technology of sidetracking wells have been used effectively in the Dongxin oil region. The screening conditions and optimal design method of sidetracking wells in the fault block reservoirs were analyzed and concluded in this study. Additionally, the oil production rate and water cut variation rules of sidetracking wells were studied, and the supporting technology was proposed to improve the development effect of sidetracking wells. The research results have an important guiding significance to improve the development effect of sidetracking wells in fault block reservoirs.     

Black Oil and Compositional Reservoir Simulation for Increasing the Recovery Performance of an Iranian Fractured Carbonate Reservoir

Abstract

Naturally fractured reservoirs contain a significant amount of world oil reserves. Accurate and efficient reservoir simulation of naturally fractured reservoirs is one of the most important, challenging, and computationally intensive problems in reservoir engineering. Black oil and compositional reservoir simulators have been used to determine the reservoir management and production strategies to increase the oil recovery from a low-porosity, low-permeability fractured carbonate reservoir, with an average matrix permeability of 0.8 md, average fracture permeability of 500 md, and an average matrix porosity of 10%. This reservoir is a candidate for an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process, because the reservoir production rate has been declined due to increasing the water cut as a result of rising the water oil contact. The injection techniques that have been considered in this study for black oil model include (a) gas injection, (b) water injection, and (c) simultaneous water alternating gas injection and for the compositional model include (a) dry gas injection, (b) CO₂ injection, and (c) N₂ injection. Simulation results show that CO₂ injection has the maximum oil recovery between the EOR scenarios.     

唐河水电站石方明挖爆破施工

唐河水电站坝基及岸坡石方开挖采用了浅层爆破、深孔梯段爆破、保护层开挖爆破、光面爆破和预裂爆破。文中论述了爆破方案的制定、爆破材料的选择、爆破方法和程序、爆破安全距离的控制。     

Power loss in the upper cut‐out wind speed interval

Time series of mean wind speeds at several sites in Denmark have been used to estimate the power loss for wind turbines in the wind speed interval from where the operation has to stop at high winds to where a lower wind speed allows the operation to resume. For inland wind turbines the fractional loss is less than 0·25%. For offshore wind turbines it may be as high as about 1·5%. To facilitate the estimation of ‘dead zone’ power loss for offshore wind turbines, an engineering model for the sea surface state has been developed on the basis of a generalization of Charnock's roughness model and the geostrophic drag law. This model predicts the surface friction velocity and the surface roughness as functions of the geostrophic wind speed and the length of the water fetch. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

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根据翁氏预测模型，文章提出了包括Weng Cycle产量模型、累计产量模型、开发速度模型、采出程度模型等的Weng Cycle峰型开发模型。该模型的初始产量和初始累计产量为零；当生产时间趋于无穷时，产量为零，累计产量为可采储量。使用该模型，无论在资料缺少的开发早期，还是在开发的中后期，都能容易地确定出油气田开发的主要指标。根据该开发模型，提出了确定油气田开发早期开发方案的方法和适用于油气田中后期匹配的logV_D—logR_p 、logV_D—log(ct)、logR_p—log (ct) 三种典型图版，以及这三种典型图版的匹配方法和步骤，这为高含水和特高含水期的开发方案调整提供了可靠的方法。该模型也可以用于智力开发、生命科学、工农业生产和经济等领域。     

取样式过环空找水仪在吐哈油田的应用

吐哈油田开发正处于高含水期 ,急需能够在高含水条件下测量油井含水率、流量等参数的测井仪器。针对这一需求 ,中国石油集团测井有限公司与大庆测试技术服务分公司合作开发了取样式高精度五参数环空找水组合测井仪。经标定实验与 1年 50多口井实际测试表明 ,取样式高精度五参数环空找水组合测井仪与常规过流式仪器相比 ,具有测量精度高、含水测量范围大、仪器刻度方便、启动排量低、由软件解释结果得出的解释准确度高 ,省时省力等独特的技术优势。仪器含水测量精度可达到±5 %以内 ,提高了含水参数资料录取的准确性和可信度 ,在吐哈油田产生良好的应用效果 ,对油田动态监测有着重大的意义     

大庆油田特高含水期采油工程研究现状及发展方向

大庆油田已开发44年,进入特高含水开发阶段,油田开发面临着含水高、采油速度高、储采失衡严重、套损速度加剧等一系列问题。如何提高油田最终采收率是油田开发面临的主要问题,也是采油工程面临的最大挑战。在简要介绍了大庆油田在特高含水期采油工程的总体技术需求的基础上,分析了采油工程技术现状及存在的主要问题,提出了采油工程技术的发展方向。     

聚合物驱含水率的神经网络预测方法

分析了工业化聚合物驱区块综合含水率的变化特征及其多种影响因素,把影响因素作为输入参数,把综合含水率的变化特征作为输出参数,以早期投产区块的已知输入和输出参数作为学习样本,建立了改进的三层CBP神经网络模型.在模型的训练样本中允许一些未知元素作为输出层变量,这样油田开发中时间不同的区块可以同时放在训练样本中,未知的点能通过预测而得到.该方法解决了以往的模式图方法预测工业化区块综合含水的偏差和人为的修正问题,并能够定量地分析各因素对聚合物驱动态特征的影响程度.利用该模型预测了新投产区块的综合含水率、产液量和产油量等指标,为油田开发规划的编制及计划安排提供了较为合理的依据.     

广义存水率及其应用

存水率 是描述油田注水能量利用率及评价油田注水开发效果的重要指标之一-,但传统存水率的概念具有一定.的局限性,使其不能得到广泛应用。基于存水率的物理意义,提出了广义存水率的定义,应用广义存水率可以反映具有边、底水油田的注水开发效果,并考虑到了油田弹性能量的作用。实例表明,广义阶段存水率下降的速度体现了油田的开发效果;在不同的油田含水阶段,广义累积存水率与含水率之间呈不同的线性关系。