中国共产党长期执政何以可能——从政治合法性的角度解读“三个代表”重要思想

"三个代表"重要思想是对中国共产党长期执政的政治合法性的直接应答,政治合法性蕴涵是"三个代表"的应有之义。从政治合法性的层面解读"三个代表"重要思想,有利于完整地理解"三个代表"重要思想,消除"三个代表"研究的盲点。"三个代表"重要思想从绩效性基础、意识形态基础、群众基础、法理型基础等方面论证了中国共产党长期执政的政治合法性。     

Sex Pheromone Components of the Bronzed Cutworm, Nephelodes minians, a Prey Species of a Bolas Spider, Mastophora hutchinsoni

The bolas spider, Mastophora hutchinsoni, attracts adult males of four species of moths by aggressively mimicking their sex pheromone. Here, we report the identification of two sex pheromone components of one of these species, the bronzed cutworm, Nephelodes minians. Simultaneous gas chromatographic (flame ionization detection) and electroantennographic detection (EAD) analysis of extracts of the sex pheromone glands of female N. minians indicated two components eliciting strong EAD responses from a conspecific male antenna that corresponded in retention time with (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16:Ald) and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:OAc), using both polar and nonpolar columns. Mass spectra of these two peaks were identical to those of synthetic Z11-16:Ald and Z11-16:OAc. The double-bond positions were confirmed by GC-MS analysis of dimethyl disulfide derivatives of the putative pheromone components. In a field test, a 5:1 blend of Z11-16:Ald to Z11-16:OAc attracted male N. minians. Overall, there is no overlap in the chemical constituents of the sex pheromones of three moth species preyed upon by this bolas spider for which pheromones have now been identified. These studies suggest that bolas spiders are versatile in their ability to synthesize semiochemicals for different prey species. This versatility may be advantageous to a predator that has an otherwise extremely specialized hunting tactic.     

目标反射特性与“猫眼”效应研究

对激光应用技术领域主要涉及的漫反射目标进行反射特性分析,着重对近年来关注较多的光学镜头的"猫眼"效应做技术探讨,给出试验数据,浅析其应用.     

Spider Mites Assess Predation Risk by Using the Odor of Injured Conspecifics

When a predatory mite, Amblyseius womersleyi is present, Tetranychus kanzawai takes refuge on its webs during a quiescent stage. To examine the factors responsible for the antipredator behavior of T. kanzawai, we exposed T. kanzawai to the odor of conspecifics, A. womersleyi, and both T. kanzawai and A. womersleyi. The proportion of T. kanzawai females that took refuge was significantly higher when they were exposed to the odor of `both T. kanzawai and A. womersleyi.' Furthermore, the proportion of T. kanzawai females that took refuge was significantly higher when they were exposed to injured conspecifics than to intact conspecifics. These results suggest that T. kanzawai assesses predation risk, at least in part, by using the odor of injured conspecifics.     

THE CASE FOR REVERSE TRANSLATION

The case for “reverse translation” is briefly presented. The manifest problems in immunology in accounting for antibody diversity and the dependence of DNA mutation on cellular processes plus, on the theoretical side, the cybernetic necessity of abstracting environmental information in order to maintain relevant genetic material together give weight to a search for this reverse process. Mekler's 1967 reverse translation theory is outlined and shown not to be objectionable either in terms of known biochemical reactions or in terms of the assertion of the “central dogma” that macro-molecular information does not “flow out” of the proteins once it has “flowed in”.     

辽宁省“2013·7·16”暴雨洪水分析

受东移加强的高空槽及副热带高压共同影响,7月15日8时至17日8时,全省普降大到暴雨,局部大暴雨,发生了"2013·7·16"大暴雨并引发洪水,全省有多条河流发生洪水过程,造成不同程度的洪涝灾害。     

Captured Kriegsmarine Enigma Documents at Bletchley Park

Abstract

The discovery of intercepts in the Japanese “Orange Translations” regarding the sinking of merchant ships (marus) bearing allied POWs led to the conclusion that the Joint Intelligence Center Pacific Ocean Area (JICPOA) gave latitudes and longitudes of these vessels to the Commander, Submarine Force, Pacific (ComSubPac) knowing that POWs would be killed. An examination of the “Orange Translations” reveals that most of the intercepts are from the Japanese Water Transport Code (2468) system, not the “Maru Code” (JN-11). The author concludes that while JICPOA provided ComSubPac with convoy coordinates, they were unaware of the presence of POWs on the marus.     

Lipophilic Extractives in Populus × euramericana “Guariento” Stemwood and Bark

Abstract

The lipophilic extractives in stemwood and bark from three different heights of Populus × euramericana “Guariento” were analyzed. The bark samples, especially from 4 and 8 meters height, contained much more extractives than the stemwood samples. The lipophilic extractives identified by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) were composed of five component groups (i.e. triglycerides, steryl esters, free fatty acids, sterols, and free fatty alcohols both in the stemwood and bark). Besides ferulic acid esters, α-amyrin and its esters, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid esters of fatty alcohols were also identified in the stemwood and bark. Small amounts of alkanes and oligomeric or polymeric material with higher molar mass than triglycerides were present only in the bark. Glycerides, mainly triglycerides, were the largest component group of the lipophilic extractives. The high proportion of short-chain fatty acids released after alkaline hydrolysis are beneficial when removing pitch particles or fatty acid soaps by dispersing and washing during pulping and papermaking.     

蜘蛛丝/聚-L-乳酸静电纺纤维束的形貌和力学性能

以1%(质量分数,下同)蜘蛛丝和9%聚-L-乳酸(PLLA)的混合液为纺丝溶液,采用静电纺丝方法制备了蜘蛛丝/PLLA复合纤维构成的连续纱线。探讨了纺丝温度、卷绕速度、后拉伸倍数等对纤维和纱线的形态结构及力学性能的影响。研究发现,加入蜘蛛丝蛋白后,PLLA复合纱线的强度提高了13%,纤维直径从1.1μm减小到了550nm;加热区温度为150℃时纱线强度最大;卷绕速度为(105±5)r/min时可以实现稳定纺丝;拉伸1.5倍时,纱线断裂强度和初始模量分别提高了66%和92%,断裂伸长率下降。     

Study of a stochastic model of the“dangling spider” problem with an infinite previous history and poisson switchings

To study the stability of the stochastic“dangling spider” model, the second Lyapunov method is substantiated for stochastic functional differential equations with the entire previous history. Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 4, pp. 79–105, July–August, 2000.