“风筝”皮瓣在修复颜面部皮肤软组织缺损创面中的应用

目的：探讨“风筝”皮瓣在修复颜面部皮肤缺损创面中的应用及其美学效果。方法对32例颜面部皮肤软组织缺损的患者采用“风筝”皮瓣修复。其中创伤性皮肤缺损9例,良性病变14例,恶性肿瘤9例。在评估决定“风筝”皮瓣修复后,在缺损的一侧顺皮纹或皱褶线设计一三角形“风筝”样皮瓣。皮瓣的宽度等于或略小于缺损的横径,以两侧的皮下组织为蒂或以皮瓣正下方的组织为蒂制作皮瓣,皮瓣的宽度略小于椭圆形缺损的短径。将皮瓣向创面推进修复创面,继发创面稍作皮下剥离,直接缝合。对于较大的长椭圆形创面,则在椭圆形长轴方向上做2个三角形“风筝”皮瓣,两皮瓣相向推进修复创面。6-0可吸收线间断缝合皮下,7-0无损伤线缝合皮肤。结果32例患者术后第5-7天拆线,切口均Ⅰ期愈合。皮瓣全部成活,皮瓣血运良好,无血肿、感染和坏死等并发症。术后随访6个月～1年,32例患者的皮瓣均存活良好,颜色、质地与周围皮肤相同或相近,未造成其他部位继发性损伤。恶性肿瘤的患者无复发及转移,瘢痕不明显。结论采用“风筝”皮瓣修复颜面部肿瘤切除或创伤后中等面积创面,不仅操作简单,不影响面部形态,而且修复后的颜色、质地、光泽和光化性损害程度与邻近皮肤相同,并能取得理想的手术和美学效果。     

ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion 2014–15: Fibre Placement on a Pneumatic Body Based on a Water Spider Web

Process-based biomimetics focuses on the transfer of biological principles to architectural construction. To realise the ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion 2014 -15, presented here by Moritz Doerstelmann, Jan Knippers, Valentin Koslowski, Achim Menges, Marshall Prado, Gundula Schieber and Lauren Vasey of the Institute for Computational Design (ICD) and Institute of Building Structures and Structural Design (ITKE) research team at the University of Stuttgart, sensor-driven robotic fabrication was combined with advanced design computation and simulation. This enabled the construction of an architectural fibre structure on a pneumatic mould, drawing on the complex design of the web of a water spider.     

“形”与“意”的思辩——建筑设计基础中的概念性建筑设计教学研究

概念性建筑设计作为建筑设计基础课程中的主干专业课,是在初步建筑设计层面上的空间创造,是一年级的总结性课题。本文以重庆大学建筑城规学院关于该课题的教学实践为例,通过对该课题发展演变的历程、对设计中关键环节和过程的提炼与还原,探讨了生成设计概念与演绎建筑形态的操作方法以及阶段步骤,揭示出对“形”与“意”关系的思辩处理是贯穿整个设计过程的关键内容,最终的设计结果即是两者的统一体。从而为今后建筑设计基础课程的建设提供一定的启示。     

Biogenic Amines Content of Four Types of “Pecorino” Cheese Manufactured in Tuscany

Biogenic amines content of four types of Tuscan ewes’ milk “pecorino” cheese was evaluated using HPLC-UV analysis. All cheeses were manufactured in the same dairy factory with different combinations of milk (raw or pasteurized) and type of ripening. Total biogenic amines and tyramine levels of a raw milk “pecorino” ripened five months, partly in a traditional cave, were significantly higher than those of a pasteurized milk “pecorino” with a similar ripening; and of a two months raw milk “pecorino” ripened in the dairy plant. No statistical significant difference was found when comparing total biogenic amines and tyramine contents of the same five month ripened raw milk “pecorino” with a pasteurized milk “pecorino” ripened six months, partly in a traditional “fossa.” In raw milk cave-ripened and “fossa”-ripened cheeses, total biogenic amines exceeded 1000 mg/kg. In cheeses manufactured with raw milk and/or in particular ripening environments, specific hygienic cares are needed to limit biogenic amines formation.     

等效斜视距离模型在星载LEO-SAR中的精度分析

该文旨在研究等效斜视距离模型在低轨星载SAR高分辨率情况下的适用性,并分析其最佳性能——即该模型适用的最长合成孔径时间及对应的最高分辨率。该文首先通过建立精确的"星-地"几何模型推导出具有较高精度的多普勒中心和多普勒调频率计算公式,进而通过多普勒参数反演得到等效斜视距离模型。通过与数值方法得到的斜距信息比较,可以得到该距离模型拟合结果的误差,当该误差在p/4阈值之内,图像就不会散焦。利用该思想,该文以TerraSAR-X参数为例,分析了等效斜视模型可以适用的最长合成孔径时间及对应的最高分辨率。该文结论给一般的低轨星载SAR距离模型分析提供了一种普适的方法。     

激光再现的物体“站立式”显示反射全息图的研究与制作

设计了一种记录和再现光路,实现了物体“站立”在全息图上的特殊观看效果。利用激光再现全息图的优点,针对卤化银乳胶在处理过程中的收缩特性,通过利用全息图处理工艺人为控制乳胶收缩量的方法,实现了用特定波长激光再现反射全息图的目标。设计记录波长632．8nm ,再现波长532nm。针对因乳胶收缩带来Bragg条件变化,计算了角度偏移量,给出了记录和再现条件,利用两步法记录了反射全息图,实现了预期的变波长激光再现、物体“站立式”显示效果。     

Properties of Chromium Coatings Deposited from “Sulpho-Chromispel-I” Electrolyte of Standard Concentration

The most important properties of reflectivity, internal stress, hardness and surface morphology of chromium coatings deposited from “Sulfo-Chromispel-I” electrolytes (250 g dm^?3 CrO³) are studied The effects of operating parameters and electrolyte composition are evaluated. It is established that chromium coatings depositedfrom “Sulpho-Chromispel-I” electrolytes exhibit low internal stress. The current density and thickness of the coating affect the latter. Internal tension is reduced with the increase in coating thickness at current density of 50 A dm^?2, which is very favourable for depositing thick functional chromium layers. The reflectivity is affected by the concentration of iodide and cathodic current density. At current densities up to 35 A dm^?2 the higher the iodide concentration, the brighter the coating. With increased current densities the coatings produced are coarser and their brightness is reduced. Small amounts of sulphuric acid (4–20 cm³ dm^?3) improve the brightness. The hardness of the coatings deposited from the electrolytes studied is less than that of coatings deposited from a standard sulphate bath—300–400 kg mm^?2. The roughness grade is 0.5-0.6 mm. The coatings deposited from “Sulpho-Chromispel-I” electrolytes are bright with low tensile stress and moderate hardness. They are deposited at ambient temperature over a wide interval of current density, which is rather advantageous from a technological point of view.     

试论垂悬分词的逻辑主语

探讨了垂悬分词的逻辑主语，论述了垂悬分词逻辑主语的省略，并讨论了垂悬分词是正确的语法结构以及垂悬分词逻辑主语的种类。     

Correlation between protein secondary structure and mechanical performance for the ultra-tough dragline silk of Darwin's bark spider

The spider major ampullate (MA) silk exhibits high tensile strength and extensibility and is typically a blend of MaSp1 and MaSp2 proteins with the latter comprising glycine–proline–glycine–glycine-X repeating motifs that promote extensibility and supercontraction. The MA silk from Darwin''s bark spider (Caerostris darwini) is estimated to be two to three times tougher than the MA silk from other spider species. Previous research suggests that a unique MaSp4 protein incorporates proline into a novel glycine–proline–glycine–proline motif and may explain C. darwini MA silk''s extraordinary toughness. However, no direct correlation has been made between the silk''s molecular structure and its mechanical properties for C. darwini. Here, we correlate the relative protein secondary structure composition of MA silk from C. darwini and four other spider species with mechanical properties before and after supercontraction to understand the effect of the additional MaSp4 protein. Our results demonstrate that C. darwini MA silk possesses a unique protein composition with a lower ratio of helices (31%) and β-sheets (20%) than other species. Before supercontraction, toughness, modulus and tensile strength correlate with percentages of β-sheets, unordered or random coiled regions and β-turns. However, after supercontraction, only modulus and strain at break correlate with percentages of β-sheets and β-turns. Our study highlights that additional information including crystal size and crystal and chain orientation is necessary to build a complete structure–property correlation model.     

修井远程控制气动卡盘的研制与应用

修井施工中,为减轻井口操作工人的劳动强度,提高施工效率,研制了修井远程控制气动卡盘。它由气动卡盘和控制系统2部分组成,气动卡盘主要包括壳体总成、卡瓦总成和气缸总成;控制系统配有脚踏控制系统和远程控制系统,它应用电磁控制技术控制气动卡盘的动作,变井口手动操作卡盘起下作业为远程控制气动卡盘起下作业。试验和应用表明,修井远程控制气动卡盘设计先进、结构合理、性能优良、使用方便,可以提高修井施工效率,减轻井口工人的劳动强度,有利于安全生产和实现井口操作自动化,具有广阔的推广应用前景。