声屏障用橡胶件的研究

介绍高速铁路和公路用声屏障橡胶件的结构设计、配方研究以及标准。确定4种截面结构,其中解耦橡胶垫为中空-实心复合多孔结构,有利于降低因脉动力和噪声的耦合对声屏障的破坏作用。采用可控长链支化三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)与充油EPDM并用,硫化胶兼具良好的物理性能和加工性能。在石蜡油基础上添加少量非石油基耐寒增塑剂,可提高耐寒性能。依据本研究结果,制订了国家标准(GB/T 30649—2014)。优选配方的产品性能均符合标准要求。     

电动汽车光伏充电站光伏电源并网控制仿真研究

着重于光伏电源并网控制的研究,介绍了光伏电池模型、光伏电池最大功率点跟踪控制,以及电压电流双环解耦控制,并建立了光伏电源并网模型系统.仿真结果表明,系统具有较强的抗干扰能力和很好的动态响应特性,能满足并网要求.     

直驱型永磁同步风力发电机混沌运动的非线性比例控制

根据直驱型永磁同步风力发电机（DPMSG）的数学模型,通过仿射变换和时间尺度变换,将转子磁场定向坐标系下的永磁同步发电机模型变换成一种简单的无量纲数学模型。验证系统在某些参数条件下会出现混沌运动,提出直驱型永磁同步发电机混沌运动的非线性比例控制方法。该方法以直轴和交轴电压为控制变量,通过发电机状态的非线性反馈,将直轴和交轴电流方程中的耦合项解耦,并使直轴和交轴电流可以跟踪设定值。该控制方法可以根据实际要求设置唯一稳定的平衡点。仿真结果表明了理论分析的正确性和有效性,为DPMSG风力发电系统的混沌控制提供了有效的控制方法。     

一种多变量自抗扰控制结构的设计研究

自抗扰控制器(active disturbance rejection control,ADRC)不依赖于被控系统的完全模型,采用扩张状态观测器(extended state observer,ESO)对系统的内扰和外扰进行实时估计,因而能取得较为理想的抗干扰效果。对于多变量系统,分散ADRC可以将通道之间的耦合看成扰动,通过各自通道的ESO进行估计。对于强耦合的多变量系统,分散ADRC可能不能及时消除耦合。本文提出一种多变量型ADRC控制结构,将静态解耦引入到ADRC控制器设计中,从而能充分利用系统已知动态特性,实现更好的解耦。采用所提方案对循环硫化床锅炉燃烧系统设计多变量ADRC控制方案,仿真结果表明该控制器具有很好的解耦性和鲁棒性。     

传感器输出信号传输的一种新方法

介绍将传感器输出信号传输给显示仪表的一种新方法.采用耦合、解耦将传感器输出信号迭加在为传感器提供电源的电源线上,使传感器与仪表之间仅需二根线即可实现信号的传输与电源的提供.     

利用动态分程调节实现离心压缩机组的解耦控制

在分析离心压缩机组性能控制和防喘振控制的基础上,阐述离心压缩机组的性能控制系统与防喘振控制系统之间的耦合关系,并详细说明利用动态分程调节系统实现离心压缩机组解耦控制的原理和动作过程。     

Evaluation of an improved epichlorohydrin synthesis from dichloropropanol using a microchemical system

Synthesizing epichlorohydrin (ECH) from dichloropropanol (DCP) is a complicated reaction due to the partial decomposition of ECH under harsh conditions. A microchemical system can provide a feasible platform for improving this process by conducting a separation once full conversion has been achieved. In this work, referring to a common DCP feed used in industry, the reaction performance of mixed DCP isomers with NaOH in the microchemical system on various time scales was investigated. The operating window for achieving high conver-sion and selectivity was on a time scale of seconds, while the side reactions normal y occurred on a time scale of minutes. Plenty of Cl?ions together with a high temperature were proved to be critical factors for ECH hydrolysis. A kinetic study of alkaline mediated ECH hydrolysis was performed and the requirements for an improved ECH synthesis were proposed by combining quantitative analysis using a simplified reaction model with experimen-tal results on the time scale of minutes. Compared with the conventional distillation process, this new strategy for ECH synthesis exploited microchemical system and decoupled the reaction and separation with potentials of higher productivity and better reliability in scaling up.     

基于内模控制的Smith反向解耦控制器设计

针对多变量时滞系统提出了一种基于内模控制(Internal Model Control,IMC)的Smith动态解耦控制器设计方法。其中,Smith补偿器被应用在该控制结构中,包含带有时滞项和不带时滞项的补偿结构,以解决不能完全补偿的问题,通过反向解耦设计实现多变量时滞系统动态解耦。多变量系统被解耦成一系列互相独立的单回路对象,通过内模控制原理对Smith控制器进行参数整定,并分析了系统的鲁棒性。仿真实例表明了该方法的有效性,能够较好地克服系统参数扰动导致的干扰,并具有较好的动态性能。     

A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND THE CRITICAL TEMPERATURE

Six distillation column models have been used in studies of the usefulness of the Inverse Nyquist Array (INA) method for design of dual composition control for distillation. Five of the column models are experimental, one describing an industrial column, the others four pilot plants. One column model is obtained by modeling from first principles.

The control strategies investigated and compared are multiloop SISO, 2-way decoupling and l-way decoupling. The control variables are the standard ones, i.e. reflux flow and boilup.

In most of the cases INA has been found to be a useful tool for design of the loops and for comparison of the different control approaches. INA has also been found to be useful for simultaneous tuning of the decouplers and the feedback controllers.

For 2-way decoupling the criterion to minimize interaction at the critical frequency for each primary feedback loop has been found useful in most, but not all, cases. The scheme can be designed by pure gains in the decouplers and there is no reason to introduce dynamics into the decouplers—the systems studied are already sufficiently rich in dynamics.

INA has been found to be a suitable vehicle for the choice between the two possible l-way decoupling schemes.

With the design approach taken, l-way decoupling has been found to provide considerably better control quality than 2-way decoupling in two of the six systems, the differences in control quality being small in the other cases.

The effect of model mismatching on the results, caused e.g. by process nonlinearities, is discussed and simple rules to decrease the parameter sensitivity for 2-way decoupling schemes are given. When model mismatching is considered, the advantage of l-way decoupling over 2-way decoupling seems to increase.

One deficiency of the INA design as used in this paper is that it does not single out the design which is to be preferred on the grounds of robustness.     

P-隐式广义预测控制在球磨机制粉系统中的应用

球磨机制粉系统多变量、强耦合的特点使得传统的控制策略难以取得良好的控制效果。通过选择合适的权矩阵,预测控制可以实现间接解耦控制,但系统的跟踪性能将大大降低。提出了带比例调节器的隐式广义预测控制(P-隐式GPC)算法,将其他通道对当前通道的影响作为扰动,从而实现近似解耦。在目标函数中用控制量的增量代替控制量,使控制增量变化不至过于剧烈,新增加的比例调节器使设定值与实际值的偏差实时改变,增强了系统的跟踪性能。将该算法应用到球磨机制粉系统取得了良好的控制效果。