Cross-source Data Error Detection Approach Based on Federated Learning

With the emergence and accumulation of massive data, data governance has become an important manner to improve data quality and maximize data value. Specifically, data error detection is a crucial step to improve data quality, which has attracted wide attention from both industry and academia. At present, various detection methods tailored for a single data source have been proposed. However, in many real-world scenarios, data are not centrally stored or managed. Data from different sources but highly correlated can be employed to improve the accuracy of error detection. Unfortunately, due to privacy/security issues, cross-source data are often not allowed to be integrated centrally. To this end, this paper proposes FeLeDetect, a cross-source data error detection method based on federated learning, so as to improve the error detection accuracy by using cross-source data information on the premise of data privacy. First, a Graph-based Error Detection Model, namely GEDM, is presented to capture sufficient data features from each data source. On this basis, the paper then designs a federated co-training algorithm, namely FCTA, to collaboratively train GEDM by using different cross-source data without privacy leakage of data. Furthermore, the paper designs a series of optimization methods to reduce communication costs during federated learning and manual labeling efforts. Finally, extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate that (1) GEDM achieves an average improvement of 10.3% and 25.2% in terms of the $F1$ score in the local and centralized scenarios, respectively, outperforming all the five existing state-of-the-art methods for error detection; (2) the F1 score of the error detection by FeLeDetect is 23.2% on average higher than that by GEDM in the local scenario.     

基于累积平方误差–总平方波动指标的模型预测控制器性能评价及自愈

本文针对模型预测控制器实际投运中遇到性能下降问题,提出了一种基于累积平方误差(ISE)–总平方波动(TSV)指标的模型预测控制器性能评价及自愈方法.先基于累积平方误差(ISE)和总平方波动(TSV)指标对模型预测控制器进行实时性能评价,再根据无限时域模型预测控制器(MPC)的逆特性,基于ISE–TSV指标的分析,提出了...     

实时三维重建算法的实现——基于Kinect与单目视觉SLAM的三维重建

作为计算机视觉技术的一个重要分支,基于单目视觉的三维重建技术以其要求简单、成本低廉、易于实现等优点,得到了越来越多的关注。在室内环境下就智能机器人的同步定位以及环境地图创建（SLAM）算法展开了研究,引入RGB-D相机Kinect直接获取3D场景的深度信息,实现了一种基于单目视觉SLAM与Kinect的实时三维重建方法。     

词位重构与平行语言资源的再生性建设

该文以大数据意识为背景,通过语言学范畴“词位”内涵、外延的重构,以自然和人工平行性语言资源为基础,提出和讨论语言资源的再生性建设命题。并以期“通过资源建构资源”的再生性模式,推动语言资源多类型、高覆盖、跨语言快速发展及语言应用理论建设。     

倾角仪特性研究及其测量误差补偿

为了减轻非线性因素和环境温度的变化对倾角仪测量的影响,在充分研究倾角仪测量特性的基础上,采用多项式拟合方法研究了倾角仪非线性误差和温度漂移误差的软件补偿技术.建立了测量误差与非线性输出的多项式模型,拟合求出了多项式模型的各个系数与环境温度的关系函数,得到了倾角仪在一定倾角范围和温度范围内的测量误差的计算公式.实验证明了...     

改进回声状态网络的热点话题预测模型

为了提高网络热点话题的预测精度,针对传统回声状态网络存在的不足,提出一种改进回声状态网络的网络热点话题预测模型。首先将一维的网络热点话题时间序列重构成多维时间序列,然后采用改进回声状态网络对多维时间序列进行学习,建立网络热点话题预测模型,最后对模型性能进行仿真测试。结果表明,改进回声状态网络可对网络热点话题的变化趋势进行准确刻画,网络热点话题的预测精度得以提高,而具有更好的应用价值。     

新阈值二进小波去噪算法在齿轮信号中的应用

在齿轮的激光检测过程中,由于各种噪声源的影响,原始信号会出现特征信息弱化的现象,影响了齿轮检测的准确性。为解决该问题,在分析传统软、硬阈值函数不足的基础上,提出了一种新阈值函数和二进小波变换相结合的去噪方法。在该方法中构建了一个可以调节的新阈值函数,该阈值随二进小波分解系数的变化以指数形式动态调整,克服了传统硬阈值函数不连续和传统软阈值函数存在偏差的问题。经仿真实验验证,该方法的信噪比和适用性具有明显的改善。     

频谱无混叠采样和信号完全可重构采样

通过对采样定理的分析,指出频谱无混叠采样和信号可完全重构采样并不等同,并给出和证明了实现这两个采样的条件,从而全面地回答了在何种条件下,经典采样定理中的最低采样频率可以等于信号最高频率的二倍.作为最低采样频率问题的最典型例子,本文对正弦信号的采样和重构问题作了进一步的分析,揭示了二倍信号频率的采样导致正弦信号相位信息丢失的原因.本文对如何在应用中正确地确定最低采样频率,提供了有益的参考.     

基于压缩感知的图像重构算法

在图像压缩感知中,梯度投影恢复算法存在收敛速度慢、迭代次数多、对数据稀疏度过分敏感的问题。为此,提出一种基于压缩感知的图像重构算法。将拟牛顿法引入稀疏梯度投影算法中,利用拟牛顿法的估计校正机制以及其全局超线性收敛性,通过对目标函数的校正,获得更精确的搜索方向,从而减少迭代次数,构成有效收敛的图像恢复算法。实验结果表明,与传统梯度投影恢复算法相比,该算法在保证较好图像恢复效果的同时具有较好的抗噪性能,并且在减少迭代次数的基础上能有效降低重构误差,得到稳定收敛的重构结果。     

Point set augmentation through fitting for enhanced ICP registration of point clouds in multisensor coordinate metrology

In multisensor coordinate metrology scenarios involving the fusion of homogenous data, specifically 3D point clouds like those originated by CMMs and structured light scanners, the problem of registration, i.e. the proper localization of the clouds in the same coordinate system, is of central importance. For fine registration, known variants of the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm are commonly adopted; however, no attempt seems to be done to tweak such algorithms to better suit the distinctive multisensor nature of the data. This work investigates an original approach that targets issues which are specific to multisensor coordinate metrology scenarios, such as coexistence of point sets with different densities, different spatial arrangements (e.g. sparse CMM points vs. gridded sets from light scanners), and different noise levels associated to the point sets depending on the metrological performances of the sensors involved. The proposed approach is based on combining known ICP variants with novel point set augmentation techniques, where new points are added to existing sets with the purpose of improving registration performance and robustness to measurement error. In particular, augmentation techniques based on advanced fitting solutions promote a paradigm shift for registration, which is not seen as a geometric problem consisting in moving point sets as close as possible to each other, but as a problem where it is not the original points, but the underlying geometries that must be brought together. In this work, promising combinations of ICP and point augmentation techniques are investigated through the application to virtual scenarios involving synthetic geometries and simulated measurements. Guidelines for approaching registration problems in industrial scenarios involving multisensor data fusion are also provided.