基于傅里叶近似法的S-RM细观损伤过程研究

为了明确土石混合体（S-RM）的细观损伤演化过程,基于现场水平推剪试验,采用离散元数值模拟方法,开展S-RM水平推剪数值实验研究,分析S-RM的力学特性和细观损伤演化特征. 基于傅里叶近似法,提出微裂纹各向异性定量评价方法. 根据S-RM变形破坏过程中微裂纹各向异性演化特征,划分了S-RM水平推剪细观损伤阶段,通过分析各细观损伤阶段的裂纹扩展特征及发展规律,揭示了S-RM剪切滑动面形成机理. 试验结果表明,微裂纹各向异性程度随着剪切位移的增加而增强,当主裂纹形成后不再有明显变化,微裂纹主要分布在0°~45°与135°~180°;微裂纹的产生主要由于颗粒间的拉应力导致,拉裂纹的各向异性程度明显大于剪切裂纹;土体中微裂纹的贯通导致多条宏观裂纹的形成,由于块石的翻转宏观裂纹逐渐扩展形成一条绕石宏观主裂纹,S-RM沿着主裂纹滑移形成绕石剪切滑动面;滑动面的倾角为34°,与主裂纹倾角和微裂纹在0°~90°的平均角度一致.     

基于多项式表示的集合问题安全计算协议

针对集合问题安全计算方案在实际应用中的低效率及存在安全漏洞等问题,利用多项式表示技术将集合问题转化为多项式求值问题,结合离散对数问题提出了集合成员关系以及集合交集问题的安全两方计算协议。首先,从最近一个高效的集合成员关系计算协议的安全缺陷出发,分析存在的安全漏洞是在一定条件下可以通过穷举攻击获得参与方输入的元素信息,导致参与方的隐私信息得不到保障。为克服该安全漏洞,将集合表示为多项式,并对多项式进行随机化,以确保参与方交互过程中不会发生任何泄漏;然后,结合离散对数问题,提出了安全的集合成员关系计算协议。该协议能够快速判断输入的元素是否属于一个集合,并且除了集合的势,没有泄露参与双方的任何其他信息。接着,将完善后的集合成员关系计算协议进一步扩展,提出了能够解决集合交集问题的安全两方计算协议。利用该协议,互不信任的参与方能有效计算集合的交集,而不泄露自身的隐私信息。最后,在半诚实模型下,结合概率多项式时间模拟器,给出了两个协议的安全性证明,证明了模拟器视图与原协议执行视图在计算上无法区分;详细分析了本文协议的性能,结果表明提出的集合成员关系计算协议及集合交集安全计算协议比其他相关协议效率更高,具有较小的通信复杂度及计算复杂度。     

复杂几何体的几何特征速解

采用两种快速算子θ和Φ以及离散算子Ｅ，研究并解决了两个问题：计算多个曲面（或平面）切割另一曲面形成的局部表面面积，以及多个曲面（或平面）围成的复杂几何体体积。解决了参数化设计中常见的一些几何特征求解的工程问题。     

浮点遗传算法在工件圆弧半径测量中的应用

将浮点遗传算法应用于工件圆弧半径测量。采用算术交叉算子建立了冲头凹面圆弧半径的目标函数和FAG数学模型 ,通过遗传算法获得了圆弧半径及公差的全局最优解 ,并给出了计算实例     

Influence of normal contact force model on simulations of spherocylindrical particles

How the choice of elastic normal contact force model affects predictions from discrete element method simulations of spherocylindrical particles is investigated in this article. Three force models were investigated: (1) a Hertzian force model (HFM) which assumes a circular contact area; (2) a linear force model (LFM) with a constant stiffness; and (3) a modified HFM (MFM) that accounts for various contact areas and contact transitions. With the MFM, transitions between contact area types must be accounted for otherwise discontinuities in the contact force can occur. It is found that simple force models (HFM, LFM) can be substituted for more accurate force models if only force data and bulk properties are of interest. However, if more detailed contact information, such as contact area, contact overlap, contact duration, or collision frequency, are needed, for example, in population balance models and transient liquid bridge modeling, then a more accurate force model should be used. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 1986–2001, 2018     

一种改进的敏感数字水印技术

首先介绍了数字水印的基本原理并对图像数字水印技术进行了总结,然后提出了一种改进的基于离散Haar小波变换和量化编码的敏感数字水印技术.针对原技术的缺陷,在改进技术中,离散Haar小波变换没有进行归一化处理;此外,对量化函数和水印嵌入公式进行了修改.理论和实验证明,这些改进使得该敏感数字水印技术可以更容易地实现,消除了原有的缺陷.最后,结合纠错编码技术提出了一种在验证水印时无需原水印信息的方法.     

Effects of the introduction of the discrete energy loss process into Monte Carlo simulation of electron scattering

First, the single scattering model is briefly described. Next, the hybrid model is explained, which takes into consideration a part of the discrete energy loss processes. The Vriens or the Gryzinski cross section is used for core electron ionizations, and the Moller cross section for free electron excitations. The model is applied to the calculations of the energy distribution of transmitted electrons through a thin film and the depth distribution of generated x-rays. From comparisons among the calculated results with and without energy straggling and experimental data, it is found that the Gryzinski cross section shows the best result.     

Optimal joint load balancing and EDCA configuration of IEEE 802.11 wireless hotspots

Wireless hotspots, ie, infrastructures composed of several IEEE 802.11 access points (APs), are today the most common solution in providing Internet access to a wide and rapidly changing population of users. According to common device implementation, stations establish associations with APs based on the measured strongest Received Signal Strength Indicator level. This usually leads to an uneven distribution of users to APs, increasing the chances of local network congestion. Load balancing (LB) solutions aim at mitigating this problem controlling the distribution of users. The LB algorithms enforce stations to associate with APs that manage a low number of users and/or that have a low traffic load. Usually, LB solutions do not consider traffic priorities or they assume some a priori quality of service (QoS) configuration for users. In this study, we propose a QoS‐LB solution based on the cell breathing technique with the goal of balancing the load in IEEE 802.11e Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) Hotspots. The proposed algorithm explores the space of possible power/EDCA configurations by using a branch and bound approach that reduces the number of analyzed configurations and, hence, the time required to find the global optimal solution. The algorithm has been analytically defined and its performance evaluated through simulations and tests in a real test bed. The results prove that the proposed solution is effective in solving the optimal QoS‐LB configuration problem in WiFi hotspots of average size.     

Influence of adhesion on random loose packings of binary microparticle mixtures

Binary adhesive packings of microspheres with certain size ratios are investigated via a 3‐D discrete‐element method specially developed with adhesive contact mechanics. We found a novel phenomenon that the packing fraction of the binary adhesive mixtures decreases monotonically with the increase of the amount of small components. It was further divulged that this behavior results from the competition between a geometrical filling effect and an adhesion effect. The positive geometrical filling effect only depends on the size ratio, while a dimensionless adhesion parameter Ad is used to characterize the negative adhesion effect, which comes to its maximum at Ad ≈ 10. Structural properties, including contact network, partial coordination number, radial distribution function, and angular distribution function, are analyzed to give a better understanding of such adhesive binary packings. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 4296–4306, 2017     

Triboelectric charging of monodisperse particles in fluidized beds

To investigate the interplay between particle charging and hydrodynamics in fluidized beds, models for triboelectric charging and electrostatic forces were built into a computational fluid dynamics‐discrete element method model. Charge transfer was governed by the difference in effective work function between contacting materials as well as the electric field at the point of contact. Monodisperse particles were fluidized with an effective work function difference between the particles and the conducting walls. For smaller work function differences, hydrodynamics were not changed significantly as compared with an uncharged case. In these simulations, the average charge saturated at a value much lower than the value anticipated based on the work function difference, and a unimodal distribution of charges was observed. For larger work function differences, particles stuck to walls and bed height oscillations due to slugging were less pronounced. For these cases, a bimodal distribution of charges emerged due to effects from strong electric fields. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 1872–1891, 2017