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51.
M. Kobayashi M. Mukai H. Takahashi N. Ohno T. Kawakami T. Ishikawa 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2003,58(10):1523-1543
This paper describes the implicit integration and consistent tangent modulus of an inelastic constitutive model with transient and steady strain rates, both of which are time‐ and temperature‐dependent; the transient rate is influenced by the evolution of back stress decomposed into parts, while the steady rate depends only on applied stress and temperature. Such a non‐unified model is useful for high‐temperature structural analysis and is practical owing to the ease in determining material constants. The implicit integration is shown to result in two scalar‐valued coupled equations, and the consistent tangent modulus is derived in a quite versatile form by introducing a set of fourth‐rank constitutive parameters into the discretized evolution rule of back stress. The constitutive model is, then, implemented in a finite element program and applied to a lead‐free solder joint analysis. It is demonstrated that the implicit integration is very accurate if the multilinear kinematic hardening model of Ohno and Wang is employed, and that the consistent tangent modulus certainly affords quadratic convergence to the Newton–Raphson iteration in solving nodal force equilibrium equations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
52.
We have used a resonant ultrasound spectroscopy technique to measure the bulk and shear modulus of fully dense, polycrystalline MgB2 between 4 and 300 K. Both moduli show good agreement with published first principle calculations. The internal friction shows a broad maximum around 40 K. 相似文献
53.
54.
随着时间的推移,混凝土的导温系数将发生变化,为了了解参数随时间的变化规律,利用原型观测资料对导温系数进行分段反演,从而拟合出大坝混凝土导温系数随时间的变化规律. 相似文献
55.
X.B. Tu B. Jian S.J. Wang H.Y. Bian J. Wang S.G. Li 《Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology incorporating Trenchless Technology Research》2005,20(4):1106
Granite is commonly recognized as an ideal medium for underground construction. However, in the site investigation for Heimifeng Pumped Storage Power Station project, it was found that there are swelling behaviors induced by alteration in granite and eventually causing slaking and disintegration of rock blocks. The study shows that hydrothermal alteration in granite is primarily due to the intrusion of multi-phase igneous magma. The clay minerals, such as montmorillonite, chlorite, kaolinite, are the main causes for the swelling behavior of granite. In the exploratory adits, alteration was observed to occur mainly along faults or fractures in the rock masses and resulted in roof caving if water is present. Some of the highly altered borehole cores swell and crack within 24 h in water and eventually disintegrate completely. From the testing results on the samples, the maximum axial free swelling strain is about 1.2%, while the maximum axial confined swelling strain is around 0.1% with swelling stress less than 25 kPa. Under free swelling tests, 80% of swelling is completed within 24 hours. Under confined swelling condition, swelling process is completed within 1 h for some samples, with 80% of maximum swelling strain finished within around 22 h for most of the samples. Contraction of samples occurs after swelling completed. The strength of granite, reflected by deformation and elastic moduli, shear strength, decreases due to alteration. The deformation and elastic moduli are even lower compared to highly weathered rock. The shear strength is between that for highly weathered and slightly weathered rocks. The swelling characteristics of the altered rock present great challenges for support or lining during construction and operation stages. Support or lining shall be in place immediately after excavation. Since the rock may swell when encountering water, the shotcrete shall be designed accordingly. During the construction of access tunnel and caverns, water shall be drained in time. Drainage directly from surface shall be avoided so as to prevent floor heave. 相似文献
56.
Strength reduction factors (SRFs) continue to play a key role in obtaining design forces from elastic design spectra (via
response modification factors) in ductility-based earthquake-resistant design. Despite several years of sustained research
efforts, it has not been conclusively shown how SRF for a given singledegree-of-freedom structural system depends on various
source and site parameters. A parametric study is carried out here for the explicit dependence of SRF spectrum (describing
variation of SRF with system period for a given ductility demand) on strong motion duration, earthquake magnitude, geological
site conditions, and epicentral distance in case of (non-degrading) elasto-plastic oscillators. For this, scaled response
spectra are considered for different combinations of earthquake magnitude, site conditions and epicentral distance, and SRF
spectra are generated from 1274 accelerograms recorded in western USA after making those compatible with each of these spectra.
It is shown that there is no clear and significant dependence of SRF spectrum on strong motion duration. Further, the parametric
dependence on earthquake magnitude, site conditions, and epicentral distance broadly conforms to the trends reported by earlier
investigations. In particular, this study confirms that the dependence of SRF spectra on earthquake magnitude should not be
ignored.
This paper has been contributed in honour of Professor R N Iyengar, Indian Institute of Science, on the occasion of his formal
retirement. 相似文献
57.
Yeon Seok Kim 《Polymer》2008,49(2):570-578
Monodispersed copolymer emulsions with different glass transition temperatures were synthesized to investigate the effect of room temperature polymer matrix modulus on the electrical properties of carbon black (CB) filled segregated network composites. The emulsion with the highest modulus at room temperature produced composites with the lowest percolation threshold. The threshold for a composite made from a copolymer latex containing an equal ratio of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (BA5) is 1.5 vol%, while the percolation threshold for the much lower modulus BA7 (7:3 BA/MMA ratio) is 4.93 vol%. The microstructure of each composite shows significant differences in the level of CB dispersion within the polymer matrix. Higher modulus polymer particles push the CB more efficiently into the interstitial space between them, resulting in a lower percolation threshold. This modulus effect was confirmed by increasing the drying temperature, where the moduli of latexes (BA5, BA5.5, and BA6) were more similar and the percolation thresholds for three composites also become closer to one another. 相似文献
58.
无键联接传动的特点及锥面弹性衬套设计和应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
无键联接在特殊行业和工况中是键联接传递动力和运动的有力补充,介绍了工程上应用的圆弧三边形型面联接、弹性环无键联接、圆柱面过盈联接等几种无键联接传动方式及其工作原理,并分析了各自的性能特点和应用情况。针对无键联接传动的特点、特殊行业和工况的应用实际,设计了锥面弹性衬套无键联接传动结构并介绍了其在工程中的实际应用。 相似文献
59.
A. A. Karabutov V. A. Makarov V. L. Shkuratnik E. B. Cherepetskaya 《Journal of Mining Science》2003,39(4):323-330
Using the transfer function method as a base, the analytical relations are obtained, as well as the main parameters are calculated for the ultrasonic impulses of longitudinal, transverse, and the Rayleigh waves excited in geomaterials by laser emission. 相似文献
60.
The numerical simulation of comparative elastohydrodynamic lubrication between axisymmetrical and 3D elastic approaches on the radial lip seals is presented in order to determine the 3D effect of the elastic aspect of the seal lip. Indeed, the consideration of 3D model in other words the circumferential variation of the lip elastic deformation indicated a difference in the deformation distribution of the lip compared to the axisymmetrical approach. Consequently, the results show that the presence of the circumferential variation of the seal lip deformation has a significant effect on the pumping rate values. 相似文献