基于同义实体识别的Web信息集成

准确有效地集成海量Web信息, 是Web信息动态聚合、市场情报分析、舆情分析、商业智能等分析型应用的重要基础. 针对数据集成过程中不同实体指代同一实体的问题, 利用搜索引擎返回的页面摘要信息, 设计并实现了一种基于搜索引擎的同义实体识别算法FSE, 并提出了一种基于同义实体识别的Web信息集成框架. 在医院信息集成测试数据集上的实验结果表明, FSE算法效果优于基于VarientDice、VarientCosine、VarientJaccard、VarientOverlap相似度计算的同义实体识别算法.     

利用提示调优实现两阶段模型复用的关系实体抽取方法

关系实体抽取旨在从非结构化文本中识别命名实体并抽取实体间语义关系,现有的两阶段关系实体抽取方法存在模型无法复用、调优参数量大等问题,不便于工程实现。利用提示调优对已有方法进行改进,提出两阶段模型复用的关系实体抽取方法REPT（a model-reused method of two-staged relations and entities extraction with prompt tuning）。首先微调预训练语言模型进行关系分类,而后利用提示调优并复用前一阶段微调的预训练语言模型抽取实体。实验结果表明,该方法在调优参数只占基线模型约50%的情况下,达到与SOTA模型相媲美的性能。     

描述CPS物理实体的时空Petri网模型

时间Petri网在经典Petri网的基础上引入了时间因素,不仅能分析逻辑层次的系统性能,还能分析时间层次的系统性能,然而包含空间因素的信息物理融合系统(cyber-physical system,CPS)的产生需要对时间Petri网进行拓展。CPS集成计算系统和物理系统,不仅能够实时感知物理环境信息,并且能够通过物理实体改变物理环境。对CPS的物理层面特点进行了深入分析,研究了CPS物理实体的属性及其位置变迁过程,提出了一种CPS物理实体的形式化建模方法。在时间Petri网的基础上引入了空间因素,构造了时空Petri网模型,使其不仅能够描述物理实体逻辑及时间层次的行为,并且能够描述物理实体位置变迁所引起的状态变化。最后以机器人控制系统为例,进一步阐述了时空Petri网模型的有效性。     

联合FOL规则的知识图谱表示学习方法

为增强知识图谱表示的预测精度和可解释性,通过改进由表示学习、规则学习和规则融合三个模块组成的IterE框架,提出一种适用各种表示学习算法的联合FOL规则的知识图谱表示学习方法,针对规则学习和融合模块,基于三元组打分函数改进规则置信度计算方法,扩展适用性,并改进软标签计算方法,放松融合要求,扩大融合的数据增量,迭代实现表示更新规则和规则增强表示。链路预测和生成解释实验表明,随着逻辑规则的加入,该方法提高了基模型的预测精度和可解释性,且在越稀疏的数据集中对提高稀疏实体表示的帮助越大。     

水利建设市场主体信用评价指标体系构建

水利工程具有投资规模大、建设周期长、涉及面广等特点。为更好地服务于工程建设，规范水利建设市场行为，从设置思路、设置原则、指标体系结构、评价内容和指标权重等5个方面对水利建设市场主体信用评价指标体系进行了论述。在对影响市场主体信用因素进行系统分析和整合的基础上，提出包括综合素质、财务状况、管理水平、市场行为和信用记录等5个一级指标和若干个二、三级指标的信用评价指标体系，并对各项指标具体内容和权重进行了探讨。该指标体系能较为全面客观地反映水利建设市场主体信用状况，为信用评价工作科学有序开展进行了有益探索。     

ProjFE: Prediction of fuzzy entity and relation for knowledge graph completion

A growing number of tasks about knowledge graph completion have been studied and improved recently, but most of them use translation matrices or reflect known entity to other space, always focusing on improving the method of translating known entities and relations. Differing from current works, our paper employs a combination operator instead of the translation matrix to avoid massive calculations, and takes fuzzy membership degree into consideration in the predicting process to enhance accuracy of projection. Hence, we propose a method called ProjFE to predict the missing parts of triplets for knowledge graph completion. This model uses fuzzy combination operators to combine the fuzzy known entities and relations. Score function is employed to access to a descending order of the correct candidates after combination, where the target entity is the top one. What is more, we use sigmoid and ReLU activation functions for evaluations, which could alleviate some undesirable gradient problems in the training process. It is worth noting that our method ProjFE tends to have a relatively smaller parameter size than some existing models. Besides, our model is proved to perform better in terms of Mean Rank.     

Mechanism of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation of nitrobenzene in aqueous solution with modified ceramic honeycomb

The degradation efficiencies of nitrobenzene in aqueous solution were investigated by semi-continuous experiments in the processes of ozone alone, ozone/ceramic honeycomb (CH) and ozone/modified ceramic honeycomb (MCH). MCH with 1.0% Mn and 0.5% Cu had more pronounced catalytic ability than CH to accelerate the degradation of nitrobenzene, to increase the utilization efficiency of ozone, to improve the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) formation and hydroxyl radical (entities/rad" alt="radical dot" title="radical dot" border="0">OH) initiation, and to enhance the removal efficiency of TOC. The modification process of CH with the metals enhanced the density of surface hydroxyl groups, which determines the initiation of entities/rad" alt="radical dot" title="radical dot" border="0">OH from ozone decomposition and the generation of intermediate species on heterogeneous catalytic surface, yielding the acceleration of the degradation of nitrobenzene in aqueous solution. Possible reaction mechanism of ozone with heterogeneous catalytic surface in aqueous solution was proposed, and the formation mechanism of H₂O₂ and entities/rad" alt="radical dot" title="radical dot" border="0">OH was also discussed according to the combined reactions in heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic systems.     

Cs exchanged phosphotungstic acid as an efficient catalyst for liquid-phase Beckmann rearrangement of oximes

Cs exchanged phosphotungstic acid is a highly efficient and environmentally benign solid acid catalyst for the liquid-phase Beckmann rearrangement of ketoximes to the corresponding amides. The catalysts Cs_xH_3−xPW₁₂O₄₀ (x = 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3) were prepared by a titration method. The characterization results indicated that the primary Keggin structure remained intact after exchanging the protons with Cs ions. Moreover, the Cs exchanged catalysts were insoluble and exhibited larger BET surface area than the parent acid. The catalysts exhibited high reactivity and selectivity for the formation of entities/25b.gif" alt="var epsilon" title="var epsilon" border="0">-caprolactam, the precursor of Nylon 6, from cyclohexanone oxime. The catalyst can be recovered after reaction without any structural transformation.     

Forbidden energy band gap in diluted a-Ge1 − xSix:N films

By means of electron gun evaporation Ge_1 − xSi_x:N thin films, in the entire range 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, were prepared on Si (100) and glass substrates. The initial vacuum reached was 6.6 × 10^− 4 Pa, then a pressure of 2.7 × 10^− 2 Pa of high purity N₂ was introduced into the chamber. The deposition time was 4 min. Crucible-substrate distance was 18 cm. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that all the films were amorphous (a-Ge_1 − xSi_x:N). The nitrogen concentration was of the order of 1 at% for all the films. From optical absorption spectra data and by using the Tauc method the energy band gap (E_g) was calculated. The Raman spectra only reveal the presence of Sientities/sbnd" class="glyphImg">Si, Geentities/sbnd" class="glyphImg">Ge, and Sientities/sbnd" class="glyphImg">Ge bonds. Nevertheless, infrared spectra demonstrate the existence of Sientities/sbnd" class="glyphImg">N and Geentities/sbnd" class="glyphImg">N bonds. The forbidden energy band gap (E_g) as a function of x in the entire range 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 shows two well defined regions: 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.67 and 0.67 ≤ x ≤ 1, due to two different behaviors of the band gap, where for x > 0.67 exists an abruptly change of E_g(x). In this case E_g(x) versus x is different to the variation of E_g in a-Ge_1 − xSi_x and a-Ge_1 − xSi_x:H. This fact can be related to the formation of Ge₃N₄ and GeSi₂N₄ when x ≤ 0.67, and to the formation of Si₃N₄ and GeSi₂N₄ for 0.67 ≤ x.     

A novel lamella 2D Ag(I) coordination polymer of graphite-like structure featuring short interlayer distance

The reaction of Ag₂O with a mixture of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (H₃BTC) and 2-aminopyrazine (APYZ) under the ammoniacal conditions gives rise to a novel metal–organic coordination polymer Ag₆(BTC)₂(APYZ)₆·9H₂O (1). The structure of 1 possesses a high ordered lamella 2D structure with an interesting graphite-like 6³ net which is comprised of Ag₄ and Ag₆ fused hexagonal rings respectively. 1 exhibits photoluminescence maximized at 416 nm upon 330 nm excitation at room temperature, which may be mainly ascribed to ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT). Semiconducting behavior was also measured at ambient temperature with σ values of 5.56 × 10⁻⁷ S cm⁻¹ based on the π–π stacking and Ag(I)–π interactions.