基于复小波变换的超声信号分析技术研究

超声信号中标志实际测量目标的回波信号常常因受到由材料内部微缺陷(如裂纹、空穴、夹杂等)引起的众多回波干扰信号的干扰而难以识别。另外，由于超声波能量传递的各向异性特征，在同一位置不同方向测得的超声信号中，有效回波信号出现的位置常常会在一定范围内出现漂移，从而极大地影响超声检测结果的准确性。为此，本文利用复小波分析方法对实测超声信号进行了分析，并提出了小波包络检测及互相关分析技术。试验表明，该技术成功解决了上述难题，并充分提高了超声检测的准确性。     

风电机组传动链典型故障特征提取方法

为解决风电机组传动链易发生故障的问题,文章阐述了风电机组齿轮箱特征频率的计算方法和基于振动信号分析的故障特征提取方法。结合实际情况,以行星级齿轮磨损、中间轴小齿轮崩齿、高速轴齿轮崩齿和发电机轴承电腐蚀等典型故障为例,通过齿轮箱特征频率和传动链典型故障振动信号基本特征分析,可较好地完成故障识别。结果表明,采用经典信号处理方法能对上述典型故障进行特征提取,验证了经典方法对单一、明显故障特征提取的有效性,为深入开展传动链故障特征提取方法研究奠定了基础,为风电机组故障检修维护提供了技术支撑。     

Application of adhesively bonded single lap joints for fracture assessment of adhesive materials

In this study, a method has been proposed to obtain the failure envelope of brittle adhesives using the experimental failure loads of precracked single lap joints (SLJs). The proposed technique is based on the principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), on J-integral relations, and on results of a numerical analysis. Compared to the previous approaches, the introduced experimental method has some advantages such as low manufacturing costs and simpler test procedure. The proposed method can also provide a wide range of mode mix ratios without the need of an additional apparatus. The fracture envelope obtained from the proposed method was then verified by performing some fracture tests including double cantilever beam (DCB), end-notched flexure (ENF), and single leg bending (SLB) specimens. Good correlation was seen between the fracture envelopes of the proposed method and the ones obtained from the fracture mechanics experiments.     

英国既有非住宅建筑节能法规L2B一窥

介绍了此法规中的部分重要内容,如玻璃幕墙传热系数U值的计算公式,简单回收期的计算等.通过与我国<公共建筑节能设计标准>在窗墙比、围护结构传热系数等规定性指标限值方面进行比较和分析,发现其指标限值更加严格;并认为其所运用的方法概念,如用CO2排放量来进行权衡判断、以自我认证制度来完成节能工程,以及通过多种供选选项来辅助建筑师的节能设计等,对我国的建筑节能工作有一定借鉴意义.     

海上风电伞式吸力锚基础承载性能研究

针对在海上风机基础应用过程中遇到的问题,提出了新型伞式吸力锚基础(USAF),结合其实际条件下的受力特点,采用大型通用有限元软件ABAQUS对其在垂向荷载V和弯矩荷载M以及V-M联合作用下的受力变形特点进行分析。分析中将位移作为失效破坏标准,采用位移加载法和固定位移比加载法分别进行单调加载和联合加载。结果表明锚枝、筒裙的增加可以一定程度的提高USAF的承载性能,其中锚枝的增加对承载性能提高的并不明显,筒裙对承载性能的提高较为明显;弯矩荷载作用下USAF具有刚性短桩的性质并且会发生旋转;在V-M联合加载作用下得到了USAF的破坏包络线以及包络线随USAF主筒长径比的变化规律。通过数值模拟得到了以上结论可以为USAF的推广和应用提供一定的参考。     

应用小波包和包络分析的滚动轴承故障诊断

提出了一种基于小波包分析、频带能量分析和包络分析相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法.首先利用小波包将滚动轴承振动信号分解到不同的节点上.然后求出各频率段的能量,根据频带能量的变化情况,找出滚动轴承的故障所在的频带.最后对故障频带的重构信号做包络谱,将谱峰处的频率同滚动轴承的故障特征频率进行对比分析,诊断出滚动轴承的故障.通过对试验中采集到的滚动轴承振动信号进行分析,证明了该方法在滚动轴承故障诊断中的有效性.     

并联式TBCC发动机排气系统性能数值模拟

针对一个并联式涡轮基组合循环(Turbine Based Combined Cycle, TBCC)发动机排气系统的气动方案,对其在整个飞行包线范围内典型工作点上的流场进行了数值模拟研究,获得了飞行包线范围内排气系统相应的推力系数、升力、俯仰力矩随飞行马赫数的变化关系。计算结果显示,在整个飞行包线范围内,排气系统的轴向推力系数随着飞行马赫数先减小后增大,在跨声速飞行时降到最低 Ma=0.9,涡喷不加力时为0.562,加力时0.662),在设计点附近达到最大;升力和俯仰力矩性能在亚声速及跨声速飞行时较差,在超声速飞行时随着飞行马赫数增加逐渐好转。表明排气系统在跨声速飞行范围内工作时应采取措施以改善其性能。      

Improving energy efficiency through the design of the building envelope

Buildings, their surroundings and related enterprises produce more CO₂, generate more pollution, consume more energy, and waste more natural resources than any other human enterprise or industry. Moreover, considerable parts of these environmental impacts are the results of the lodging industry [1].     

Beneficiation of low-grade diasporic bauxite with hydrocyclone

Low-grade diasporic bauxite was treated with hydrocyclone of small cone-angle. The effects of apex diameter, feed pressure and feed concentration on separation indexes were tested, and then the separation process was discussed by hydrokinetics tentatively. The results show that the increase of apex diameter changes the spacial locality of the envelope of zero vertical velocity, resulting in decrease of the ratio of Al2O3/SiO2 in overflow and increase of the recovery of Al2O3 in underflow, while feed pressure and feed concentration have no remarkable effect on the spacial locality of the envelope of zero vertical velocity, however, the separation indexes are improved by the increase of feed pressure, but are worsened by the increase of feed concentration.     

平面杆系结构的失效包络图及失效评估

定义了平面杆系中的失效评估杆元、以及该杆元的正则杆端弯矩和正则杆端曲率,据此引入了杆件失效包络图、工作状态图、以及杆件失效指标,进而定义了平面杆系结构失效包络图、结构工作状态图。又据该图中反映杆元状态的点群的分布情况,分别从概率分布、加权平均和取最大值的角度定义了三种结构整体失效指标。利用杆元和结构失效指标可简明直观地进行结构失效评估,成为与通常基于结构物理性能改变的结构损伤评估不同的另一种几何评估模式。利用本方法分析了一个三跨六层框架,计算了该框架在多种荷载、梁柱线刚度比、以及失效评估杆元划分密度下的各种失效指标。