砂土地基上圆形浅基础三维破坏包络面的理论研究

对砂土地基上圆形浅基础在竖向荷载V 、水平荷载 H 及力矩 M 复合加载条件下的承载力进行了系统的三维有限元分析。在分析中,砂土假定为纯摩擦材料,遵循基于 Mohr-Coulomb 破坏准则的理想弹塑性本构关系。首先,对圆形浅基础的竖向承载力进行了有限元计算,并与滑移线解法进行了对比,两种方法所得结果比较吻合。进而探讨了砂土内摩擦角对于基础在 V-H 、V-M荷载平面与V-H-M 三维荷载空间内的破坏包络轨迹的影响。计算结果表明,与不排水情况下软黏土地基上基础破坏包络面相比,砂土地基上圆形浅基础的破坏包络面形状有较大差异,但V-H 和V-M 平面内的破坏包络面形状仍具有较好的归一化特性。基于有限元计算结果,建立了圆形浅基础在V-H-M 三维荷载空间内的破坏包络面方程,该方程可用来合理评价复合加载条件下砂土地基上圆形浅基础的整体稳定性。     

三角形微沟槽飞艇蒙皮表面的流场分析

微米尺度的沟槽是临近空间飞艇大面积减阻的一种可行的减阻形式．以临近空间飞艇减阻为研究背景,通过采用k-ω SST湍流模式,对微米尺度的三角形沟槽进行了流场分析,得到了三角形沟槽壁面流的速度场和压力场． 通过计算不同尺寸三角形微沟槽的减阻率和沟槽内的流线形状,分析了微米尺度沟槽的减阻机理和不同沟槽尺寸对减阻能力的影响．研究表明,沟槽内的流线形状对沟槽的减阻能力有重要影响,尺寸合适的沟槽可以减小流体和壁面之间的切应力,减小流动阻力,对临近空间飞艇的蒙皮设计和减阻研究提供了一定参考．     

土体加固对筒型基础承载特性的影响研究

为正确评估软体地基加固对提高筒型基础承载力的影响,建立考虑土体渗流~应力耦合效应的三维数值模型,模拟了筒顶负压抽水的土体加固过程,分析了筒内土体加固对筒型基础承载特性的影响。研究结果表明:在负压加固作用2.5 d后,筒顶沉降趋于平缓,孔隙负压扩散范围广,筒内土孔隙比下降幅度大,加固效果较好。此时,筒土之间接触更为紧密,极端荷载下筒顶脱开率大幅下降。在单一加载情况下,土体加固提高竖向设计承载力42.6%,水平设计承载力129.2%,抗弯设计承载力69.6%,竖向极限承载力4.4%,水平极限承载力61.3%,以及抗弯极限承载力99.1%。在复合加载情况下,土体加固前后V~M、V~H、V~H~M包络线存在一定的差异,未加固土体筒基的包络曲线分布在加固后的筒基外侧。通过试验数据对计算模型进行验证,吻合良好。这意味着现有的筒型基础设计仍有较大的优化空间。     

Implementation of Envelope Analysis on a Wireless Condition Monitoring System for Bearing Fault Diagnosis

 Envelope analysis is an effective method for characterizing impulsive vibrations in wired condition monitoring (CM) systems. This paper depicts the implementation of envelope analysis on a wireless sensor node for obtaining a more convenient and reliable CM system. To maintain CM performances under the constraints of resources available in the cost effective Zigbee based wireless sensor network (WSN), a low cost cortex-M4F microcontroller is employed as the core processor to implement the envelope analysis algorithm on the sensor node. The on-chip 12 bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) working at 10 kHz sampling rate is adopted to acquire vibration signals measured by a wide frequency band piezoelectric accelerometer. The data processing flow inside the processor is optimized to satisfy the large memory usage in implementing fast Fourier transform (FFT) and Hilbert transform (HT). Thus, the envelope spectrum can be computed from a data frame of 2048 points to achieve a frequency resolution acceptable for identifying the characteristic frequencies of different bearing faults. Experimental evaluation results show that the embedded envelope analysis algorithm can successfully diagnose the simulated bearing faults and the data transmission throughput can be reduced by at least 95% per frame compared with that of the raw data, allowing a large number of sensor nodes to be deployed in the network for real time monitoring.     

Dynamic shading of a building envelope based on rotating polarized film system controlled by one-dimensional cellular automata in regular tessellations (triangular,square and hexagonal)

The original prototype of the cellular automaton (CA) shading system (CASS) for building facades was based on rectangular array of cells and used liquid crystal technology. This paper introduces polarized film shading system (PFSS) – an alternative approach based on opto-mechanical modules whose opacity is a function of the rotation of polarized film elements. PFSS in regular tessellations: triangular, square and hexagonal are discussed. Simulations for each type of tessellation are presented and visualized. Visual attractiveness of emergent CA patterns manifested by “particles” and “solitons” is discussed.     

Adaptive picking of microseismic event arrival using a power spectrum envelope

An automatic, adaptive, spectrogram-based algorithm for picking the arrival time of microseismic data is proposed. The algorithm provides a significant improvement in the ratio of detected events to false triggers and in the resolution of the microseismic structure. It mainly addresses the problem of automatic picking when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is low and so false and missed triggers frequently occur. It combines the short time average/long time average (STA/LTA) algorithm with an envelope algorithm. It also constructs an envelope from a time-frequency representation of the signal. The threshold is set dynamically, according to the existing noise level and the S/N ratio. The algorithm also uses the fixed LTA value to represent the noise level for a seismic record. It is applied to pick the arrival times of P-waves of local events recorded at eight stations.     

长春市粉煤灰蒸压加气混凝土围护结构传热系数现场检测分析

本文分析了传热系数现场检测方法的原理及适用条件,用热流计法检测粉煤灰蒸压加气混凝土围护结构的传热系数,并将实测数据与设计值、理论计算值进行了分析与研究．     

一种基于人类视觉特性的边缘检测改进算法

针对传统Canny算子高低阈值的确定问题进行了研究。提出了一种基于人类视觉特性的Canny边缘检测算法。用频谱包络滤波器对图像进行平滑预处理,根据仿生学原理,分析了韦伯比曲线,将图像根据背景亮度划分为不同的区域,采用不同的公式计算高低阈值的方法。仿真实验表明,该方法在平滑图像时保留了重要的边缘信息,能够根据边缘所处背景亮度自适应地选择阈值,检测出与人的主观视觉更为一致的图像边缘。提高了边缘检测的自动化程度,更强的实用性。     

基于XKMS的PKI系统的研究与实现

XML密钥管理规范XKMS降低了客户端部署PKI的复杂度,为网络应用提供了可以互操作的安全基础设施.分析了目前XKMS不能取代传统PKI的原因,给出了基于XKMS的PKI系统设计方案及XKMS服务端的具体实现过程,并且在深入分析系统安全性的基础上提出了系统的优化方案.该系统具有跨平台可移植性、可扩展性和安全性等优点.     

Fracture criterion for kinking cracks in a tri-material adhesively bonded joint under mixed mode loading

The fracture behavior of a composite/adhesive/steel bonded joint was investigated by using double cantilever beam specimens. A starter crack is embedded at the steel/adhesive interface by inserting Teflon tape. The composite adherend is a random carbon fiber reinforced vinyl ester resin composite while the other adherend is cold rolled steel. The adhesive is a one-part epoxy that is heat cured. The Fernlund-Spelt mixed mode loading fixture was employed to generate five different mode mixities. Due to the dissimilar adherends, crack turning into the adhesive (or crack kinking) associated with joint failure, was observed. The bulk fracture toughness of the adhesive was measured separately by using standard compact tension specimens. The strain energy release rates for kinking cracks at the critical loads were calculated by a commercial finite element analysis software ABAQUS in conjunction with the virtual crack closure technique. Two fracture criteria related to strain energy release rates were examined. These are (1) maximum energy release rate criterion (G_max) and, (2) mode I facture criterion (G_II = 0). They are shown to be equivalent in this study. That is, crack kinking takes place at the angle close to maximum G or G_I (also minimum G_II, with a value that is approximately zero). The average value of G_IC obtained from bulk adhesive tests using compact tension specimens is shown to be an accurate indicator of the mode I fracture toughness of the kinking cracks within the adhesive layer. It is concluded that the crack in tri-material adhesively bonded joint tends to initiate into the adhesive along a path that promotes failure in pure mode I, locally.