基于模板匹配的新闻图像字幕行切分算法

针对新闻图像中水平字幕行的字符切分问题,为了克服已有基于单字符切分方法造成的字符分裂问题,利用字幕行中字符的分布规律构造了响应函数,从而将字符切分问题转变为响应函数的最优值问题,最后基于优化结果进行字符切分.该算法主要包括两部分：首先,利用垂直投影直方图确定单个字符的粗略宽度,并根据该值构造一个可变长模板;然后,构造模板响应函数,根据不同长度模板的最优响应函数值确定单个字符的左右边界位置;最后输出切分结果.实验结果表明,对于粘连/非粘连字符图像,该算法均能获得较好的实验结果.     

数字视频中标题文字的检测与提取

视频中的文字信息为视频语义的理解提供了重要的信息,本文提出一种改进的视频标题文字检测方法,该方法不仅能检测视频中文字出现位置,而且能检测到标题文字出现的时间边界.对数小时的视频标题检测实验表明,该方法是有效的,总有效性可达到80%左右.     

适于Internet新闻文本实时分类的动态向量空间模型DVSM

传统向量空间模型(VSM)特征间无关联,且不能动态增量训练,不适合主题和焦点实时变化的Internet新闻信息,为此提出了一种改进的文本实时分类模型——动态向量空间模型(DVSM)。通过对VSM的特征提取策略进行改进,提出了特征聚合和增量训练算法。通过将对分类有相同贡献的文本特征词聚合,使用它们共同的分类贡献向量特征模式作为文本特征向量的基本维;采用增量动态训练改变对分类贡献已改变的特征词在文本向量的特征模式中的位置,适应Internet新闻信息的实时特性。使用静态训练集和动态训练集进行的DVSM与传统VSM的对比实验表明,采用特征聚合和动态训练的DVSM在Internet新闻实时分类中优势效果明显优越。     

Public Service Broadcasting's Participation in the Reconfiguration of Online News Content1

This article analyses public service broadcasting in Europe, looking at public broadcasters' role as promoters of participative processes. Computer‐mediated communication and studies rooted in mediated human interactivity are used to explore participative elements provided by digital technology, and how these can be incorporated into the news websites, through an empirical study of 5 case studies in the European market. The analysis is based on the methodology of content analysis with the goal of outlining the particularities of the participative elements implemented by each broadcaster and revealing the most common participative strategies. The findings suggest that although public service broadcasters offer a wide variety of possibilities, encouraging audiences to take on more active roles, their role is still peripheral and complementary.     

On capacity allocation for operating rooms

This paper studies capacity planning decisions that allocate surgical specialties to operating-room (OR) days with the objective of minimizing total expected costs due to penalties for any patients who are not accommodated and for under- (i.e., idleness) and over- (i.e., overtime) usage of OR capacity. It presents a prototypical non-linear, stochastic programming model to structure relevant and practical features of the problem and four adaptations, along with associated solution approaches, with the goal of facilitating solution by overcoming the computational disadvantages of the prototype. Each of these adaptations offers advantages but is also attended by disadvantages. Computational tests compare the four adaptations and solution approaches with respect to solution quality and run time.     

Fake news and COVID-19: modelling the predictors of fake news sharing among social media users

Fake news dissemination on COVID-19 has increased in recent months, and the factors that lead to the sharing of this misinformation is less well studied. Therefore, this paper describes the result of a Nigerian sample (n = 385) regarding the proliferation of fake news on COVID-19. The fake news phenomenon was studied using the Uses and Gratification framework, which was extended by an “altruism” motivation. The data were analysed with Partial Least Squares (PLS) to determine the effects of six variables on the outcome of fake news sharing. Our results showed that altruism was the most significant factor that predicted fake news sharing of COVID-19. We also found that social media users’ motivations for information sharing, socialisation, information seeking and pass time predicted the sharing of false information about COVID-19. In contrast, no significant association was found for entertainment motivation. We concluded with some theoretical and practical implications.     

融媒体下新闻采编者的业务素养

随着新兴媒体的兴起与发展,传统的新闻媒体面临前所未有的机遇与挑战。融媒体时代的到来,实现了传统媒体与新兴媒体的融合发展,同时也对传统新闻媒体提出了更高要求。新闻采编者必须切实提升自身业务素养,方能适应新形势下的要求。着重论述了融媒体下新闻采编者业务素养存在的问题及应对措施。     

Political disagreement and ambivalence in new information environment: Exploring conditional indirect effects of partisan news use and heterogeneous discussion networks on SNSs on political participation

This study investigates the (de)mobilizing influences of political (dis)agreement in the news and in political discussion on political attitudes and participation in new information environments. Results demonstrate the mediating functions of political ambivalence in that exposure to proattitudinal news reduces ambivalence and thereby promotes political participation, whereas exposure to counter-attitudinal news increases ambivalence and thereby discourages participation. Importantly, the effect of exposure to counter-attitudinal news on ambivalence was moderated by heterogeneous discussion networks on social network sites, such that the combination of exposure to counter-attitudinal news and to heterogeneous discussion networks amplifies ambivalence additively, and thereby augments the tendency toward demobilization. These results are interpreted as suggesting that changing media contexts may lead to complex roles of news and political discussion.     

PUBLIC OPINION,TRADITION, AND INFORMATION HALF-LIFE†

The information needs of a complex society are not met by an information-flow technology invented and developed in traditional societies. This article provides a theoretical framework derived from modern systems theory by which to understand the technology of public opinion policy formation in guidance operations of a complex society. Qualitative models of information flow systems are presented together with a discussion of the kind of society each information flow technology produces. Three are considered: tradition-based information-flow societies, managed information-flow societies (Utopian and elitist), and cybernetic issue-based information-flow societies.     

双管正激电路数字控制系统设计方法的分析与对比

主要针对双管正激电路进行数字化控制。首先,分别采用s域间接设计、ω域波特图设计和z域根轨迹设计3种方法对数字控制系统进行设计;然后,对这3种设计方法进行了详细的分析和对比,并且用Matlab仿真验证了设计方法的正确性;最后,给出了3种数字控制系统设计的总结和对比,对指导数字控制系统的设计有着积极的意义。