铝合金扁锭宽面竖状皱褶缺陷的成因

介绍了铝合金扁锭出现竖状皱褶缺陷的某些规律，分析了竖状皱褶缺陷产生的原因及其防止的途径，并进行了防止竖状皱褶缺陷的现场试验.     

连轧管机组发展历程及生产技术

近40年连轧管机组得到大力发展,设备年生产能力已达2000万t。介绍了连轧管机组的应用范围及特点、发展历程及生产技术的发展情况;主要介绍了锥形辊穿孔机、三辊连轧管机、张力减径机在质量控制技术等方面的新工艺,探讨了连轧管机组进一步发展的方向。     

深井泵的研究现状与发展趋势

简要回顾了深井泵的发展历史.针对深井泵的研究情况,分别从其结构演变、水力设计方法、轴向力平衡方法等方面进行了较为详细的介绍.通过分析国内外深井泵的研究现状,指出了格兰富公司生产的冲压不锈钢井泵是具有广阔发展前途的产品,而采用专利技术"一种叶轮自身平衡轴向力的多级离心泵"生产的新型井泵代表了深井泵一个更新换代的优秀品种.同时指出利用数值模拟来进行平衡轴向力研究是一种有效的方法.     

Production of coatings of powders of self‐fluxing alloys by Shockwaves and heat treatment

The experimental results show that friction stir welding of aluminium alloys may be accompanied by the formation of defects in the form of discontinuities, delamination cavities, ‘sticking’ and also a specific ‘tunnel’ defect. The majority of these defects are associated with the welding conditions and are efficiently detected by X-ray inspection.     

注射模中的自由度问题

以注射模中几种机构为例,分析了其自由度问题,并指出了分析中应注意的事项。     

板坯连铸结晶器内夹杂物去除的水模实验研究

通过结晶器水模实验对3种粒径的夹杂物在不同水流量、气流量和透气方式下的去除进行了模拟。结果表明：在临界水流量之前,夹杂物的去除率迅速下降;随着临界水流量继续增加,去除率缓慢增加。吹入气体后,夹杂物的去除率比不吹气时均有小幅提高。随着气量的增加,去除率较为平缓,这是受夹杂物被气泡俘获的概率、气泡区域和数量分布等因素影响而造成的。     

近30年太湖流域湿地生态系统服务价值 对景观格局变化的响应：基于“退田还湖” 工程的实施

由于太湖流域湿地生态系统服务价值(ESV)受到"退田还湖"工程实施的影响,定量研究其发展演变规律,能够为流域湿地的保护提供参考。运用RS和GIS技术,以1990、2000、2010和2019年TM遥感影像为数据源,对4个时期太湖流域湿地景观格局动态变化进行研究,并分析"退田还湖"工程实施前后湿地ESV变化规律,探讨工程对湿地生态效益的影响。研究表明:1)1990—2000年,在"围湖造田"工程的影响下,太湖流域湿地总面积减少了3010.35km~2,其中自然湿地减少了4554.01km~2,湿地ESV降低了35.73%;2)2000—2010年,在"退田还湖"工程实施初期,自然湿地的减少趋势得到控制,湿地ESV提高了77.96%,湿地斑块数目(NP)增加了126%,香农多样性指数(SHDI)呈上升趋势;3)2010—2019年,在"退田还湖"工程的推进下,湖泊湿地呈增长趋势,坑塘与水库面积显著增加,受湿地总面积减少的影响,湿地ESV下降;4)总体来看,1990—2019年太湖流域湿地面积减少了29.40%,湿地ESV减少了50.07%。"退田还湖"工程实施前后,太湖流域湿地ESV对湿地...     

造园组创办始末

1951—1953年创办的造园组对中国风景园林学科和教育影响深远。基于档案文件,以时间为序,描述造园组成立的背景、沿革和办学情况,讨论造园组停办的主要原因。研究表明：造园组隶属于北京农业大学园艺系,清华大学营建学系合办,北京市人民政府建设局协办;汪菊渊、吴良镛、陈有民以及梁思成等先生在造园组成立和建设之中发挥了重要的作用;造园组是一个相对独立的教学和行政组织;造园组的成立依赖于一系列的背景条件。     

Insight into excess pore pressure generation leading to liquefaction of sand with stress history under saturated and unsaturated conditions

Assessments of the liquefaction resistance of clean sand still involve considerable uncertainties, which are a current research topic in the field of soil liquefaction. The factors considered and discussed in this study include the loading history, degree of saturation, and partial drainage. The effects of each of these factors on pore pressure generation and liquefaction resistance have been studied for decades in the laboratory, and empirical relationships have been derived. In this paper, an attempt is made to explain these effects using the unique index of volumetric strain. A pore pressure generation model is developed which is similar to that of Martin et al. (1975), but based on stress-controlled triaxial tests. The model is verified through comparisons of its results with those of laboratory tests. It is confirmed that the plastic volumetric strain that has accumulated in sand, either by drained or undrained cyclic loading, dominates the increase in the liquefaction resistance of the sand. However, the plastic volumetric strain caused by overconsolidation is less effective in reducing the volumetric strain potential for subsequent cyclic shearing, thus enhancing its resistance to liquefaction. The model provides a better understanding of the physical processes leading to the liquefaction of saturated and unsaturated sand with and without stress history.     

Variability of waste copper slag concrete and its effect on the seismic safety of reinforced concrete building: A case study

Proven research output on the behavior of structures made of waste copper slag concrete can improve its utilization in the construction industry and thereby help to develop a sustainable built environment. Although numerous studies on waste copper slag concrete can be found in the published literature, no research has focused on the structural application of this type of concrete. In particular, the variability in the strength properties of waste copper slag concrete, which is required for various structural applications, such as limit state design formulation, reliability-based structural analysis, etc., has so far not attracted the attention of researchers. This paper quantifies the uncertainty associated with the compressive-, flexural- and split tensile strength of hardened concrete with different dosages of waste copper slag as fine aggregate. Best-fit probability distribution models are proposed based on statistical analyses of strength data generated from laboratory experiments. In addition, the paper presents a reliability-based seismic risk assessment of a typical waste copper slag incorporated reinforced concrete framed building, considering the proposed distribution model. The results show that waste copper slag can be safely used for seismic resistant structures as it results in an identical probability of failure and dispersion in the drift demand when compared with a conventional concrete building made of natural sand.