Surface Modification of Biomaterials in Hard Tissue Applications

Surface modification technologies are quite common in the biomedical field to improve the mechanical,chemical, physical and biological properties of implants such as artificial joint and cardiovascular devices. In this paper, recent progress in the investigation of the bioactivity and biocompatibility enhancement of implants using plasma spraying and plasmabased ion implantation (PIII) is described. Plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings are commonly used as bioactive coatings but the relatively poor adhesion between the coatings and titanium is one of main disadvantages which have limited their biomedical applications. In our recent studies, novel bioactive coatings, such as wollastonite and dicalcium silicate, were deposited onto titanium to enhance the surfaces bioactivity and biocompatibility. Our results indicate that plasma sprayed wollastonite and dicalcium silicate coatings possess excellent bioactivity as well as relatively high bonding strength. Plasma immersion ion implantation was also employed to improve the anti-corrosion and biological properties of implants.     

Effect of molecular adsorption on the electrical conductance of single au nanowires fabricated by electron-beam lithography and focused ion beam etching

Metal nanowires are one of the potential candidates for nanostructured sensing elements used in future portable devices for chemical detection; however, the optimal methods for fabrication have yet to be fully explored. Two routes to nanowire fabrication, electron-beam lithography (EBL) and focused ion beam (FIB) etching, are studied, and their electrical and chemical sensing properties are compared. Although nanowires fabricated by both techniques exhibit ohmic conductance, I-V characterization indicates that nanowires fabricated by FIB etching exhibit abnormally high resistivity. In addition, the resistivity of nanowires fabricated by FIB etching shows very low sensitivity toward molecular adsorption, while those fabricated by EBL exhibit sensitive resistance change upon exposure to solution-phase adsorbates. The mean grain sizes of nanowires prepared by FIB etching are much smaller than those fabricated by EBL, so their resistance is dominated by grain-boundary scattering. As a result, these nanowires are much less sensitive to molecular adsorption, which mediates nanowire conduction through surface scattering. The much reduced mean grain sizes of these nanowires correlate with Ga ion damage caused during the ion milling process. Thus, even though the nanowires prepared by FIB etching can be smaller than their EBL counterparts, their reduced sensitivity to adsorption suggests that nanowires produced by EBL are preferred for chemical and biochemical sensing applications.     

水浸聚焦探头声束轴线声场的编程计算

运用菲涅尔环带法,建立了计算水浸聚焦声束轴线上的声压分布的数学模型,按照这一数学模型编程计算的声束轴线上的声压分布规律与实测结果相符合。     

超声辅助冷冻技术在食品浸渍式冷冻中的研究进展

目的 概述超声辅助冷冻技术在食品浸渍式冷冻中的研究进展,为今后新型技术辅助浸渍式冷冻提供研究方向.方法 研究超声辅助冷冻的成核机理和对冰晶生长的影响,以及超声对溶液性质的影响,并对超声辅助冷冻技术在食品浸渍式冷冻中的应用进行综述.结论 超声辅助浸渍式冷冻技术可以广泛应用在各类食品加工中,有很大的研究和发展空间.超声辅助冷冻技术能够进一步加快食品浸渍式冷冻的冻结速率,减小食品内部冰晶尺寸,较好地改善了冷冻食品的品质和风味,在食品加工中具有广阔的应用前景,可以高效应用于食品工业.     

用户定制主题聚焦爬虫的设计与实现

传统的聚焦爬虫在主题未知或者缺少相应训练集的情况下无法完成主题爬行。为让聚焦爬虫具有更好的主题适应性,提出基于聚类算法的自适应主题模型,指导聚焦爬虫在只有少量相同主题(主题未知)初始url的情况下完成主题爬行。通过对初始页面聚类得到主题中心向量,寻找相关网页更新主题中心位置;基于best-first策略实现url排序;基于该模型实现用户定制主题聚焦爬虫。通过对比实验验证了使用该模型的爬虫具有较高的收获比(havest rate)。     

小型无人直升机浸入–不变集自适应控制

本文基于浸入–不变集理论,针对小型无人直升机存在的参数不确定性问题,设计一种新型的自适应控制器.利用基于Lyapunov的分析方法和La Salle不变性原理,进行闭环系统的稳定性分析,确保无人直升机姿态角的跟踪误差全局渐进收敛,以及闭环系统的稳定性.在无人直升机姿态飞行控制实验平台上,进行了无人机姿态跟踪控制实验.实验结果表明,本文所提出的控制方法具有良好的跟踪控制效果.     

利用构建语义词典的查询自动分类方法

为解决传统的文档分类方法和手工分类方法都不适宜于处理查询分类的问题,提出了一种基于Web的自动构建特定主题的语义词典的方法来分类搜索查询,通过基于主题的Web信息采集和bootstrap-ping,由某个主题的少量关键词逐步扩充,最终得到该主题的语义词典及词典中每个单词的相对词频.Web中信息的冗余和各主题语义上的差别使各主题的语义词典中单词的种类和数量存在很大差异,这种差异可以用来对用户的搜索查询进行分类.实验结果表明,利用语义词典可以较准确地将用户的查询分类,同时该分类方法基本上不需要人工介入,且可适应搜索查询覆盖面广和实时性强的特点,较好地解决了搜索查询分类的问题.     

基于综合优先度和主机信息的暴雨灾害主题退火爬虫算法

如今,互联网集成的与暴雨灾害相关的信息多种多样,然而人工搜索网页信息的效率不高,因此网络主题爬虫显得十分重要。在通用网络爬虫的基础上,为提高主题相关度的计算精度并预防主题漂移,通过对链接锚文本主题相关度、链接所在网页的主题相关度、链接指向网页PR值和该网页主题相关度的综合计算,提出了基于网页内容和链接结构相结合的超链接综合优先度评估方法。同时,针对搜索过程易陷入局部最优的不足,首次设计了结合爬虫记忆历史主机信息和模拟退火的网络主题爬虫算法。以暴雨灾害为主题进行爬虫实验的结果表明,在爬取相同网页数的情况下,相比于广度优先搜索策略(Breadth First Search,BFS)和最佳优先搜索策略(Optimal Priority Search,OPS),所提出的算法能抓取到更多与主题相关的网页,爬虫算法的准确率得到明显提升。     

具有TCSC 的单机无线总线系统非线性阻尼浸入与不变控制

针对带有晶闸管控制串补(TCSC) 的单机无限总线系统, 利用浸入和不变思想设计了基于状态反馈的非线性阻尼控制器. 通过选定一个特定的二维目标系统和映射函数, 将所研究的对象浸入其中, 使得所设计的非线性阻尼控制器在不需要构造Lyapunov 函数的情况下即可保证闭环系统的渐近稳定性和轨迹的有界性. 仿真对比结果表明了采用所提出方法设计的控制器是有效的, 且能够明显提高闭环系统的暂态稳定性.

     

基于词频差异特征选取的Context Graph算法改进

为了解决传统主题爬虫效率偏低的问题,在分析了启发式网络爬虫搜索算法Context Graph的基础上,提出了一种改进的Context Graph爬虫搜索策略。该策略利用基于词频差异的特征选取方法和改进后的TF-IDF公式对原算法进行了改进,综合考虑了网页不同部分的文本信息对特征选取的影响,及特征词的类间权重和类中权重,以提高特征选取和评价的质量。实验结果表明,与既定传统方法进行实验对照,改进后的策略效率更高。