复频聚焦超声压电换能器声场及频谱的研究

研制了一种新型复频变超声换能器,并从理论上计算了辐射声压在轴向上的分布曲线,进而确定了焦区位置,这与实验所得结果符合得较好。文章还对换能器在水中焦区辐射声场的频谱进行了研究,观测到了两个原波。和频波,差频波及倍频波,证实了声散射声效应的存在。     

平面空间聚焦器的研究

本文采用几何光学的方法设计了将平面平行光聚焦为圆的平面空间聚焦器 ,绘制出了平面空间聚焦器的图样 ,并进行了成像模拟 ,结果表明 ,聚焦器能够得到指定的圆。     

Safety Concerning Transportation of Spent Fuel

The Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI) has been conducting, under contract with the Science and Technology Agency of Japan, the spent fuel transport cask reliability demonstration test since 1977 to verify the safety and reliability of spent fuel transport casks. The first phase of this test was completed in 1987.

In this demonstration test, both 50 t and 100 t class of casks, designed and manufactured by current techniques, were subjected to tests to verify the integrity and adequacy of the design and manufacturing techniques through observation of behavior of the cask under test conditions. The casks were subjected to tests under normal conditions and under the accident conditions specified in the Japanese regulations and the IAEA regulations, and also to pressure tests, which were performed from the viewpoint of safety in shipping, although by sea, this is not specified in the Japanese regulations.

From the test results, it was confirmed that the 1001 class cask maintained its integrity and characteristics in conformity with regulations even after accident condition tests. It is clear that the design concept and manufacturing procedure employed for this cask is adequate.     

Applications of sample preparation techniques in the analysis of pesticides and PCBs in food

Pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are found in various parts of the environment in quite small concentrations, but they accumulate and thus become a threat to human health and life. A review is focused on the application of some popular techniques for sample preparation in analysis of these compounds in food. Even with the emergence of advanced techniques of final analysis, complex matrices, such as food, require extensive sample extraction and purification. Traditional sample preparation techniques are time consuming and require large amount of solvents, which are expensive, generate considerable waste, contaminate the sample and can enrich it for analytes. There have been many sample preparation techniques proposed to meet the requirements connected with the multiplicity of food. Optimal sample preparation can reduce analysis time, sources of error, enhance sensitivity and enable unequivocal identification and quantification. Sample extraction and purification techniques are discussed and their most recent applications in food analysis are provided. This review pointed out that sample preparation is the critical step.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF PROPAGATION AND BREAKING PROCESSES OF A FOCUSED WAVES GROUP

A two-dimensional numerical wave flume is developed to study the focused waves group propagation and the consequent breaking processes. The numerical model is based on the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, with the standard k-ε turbulence model to simulate the turbulence effects. To track the complicated and broken free-surface, the Volume Of Fluid (VOF) method is employed. The numerical model combines the "Partial Cell Treatment (PCT)" method with the "Locally Relative Stationary (LRS)" concept to treat the moving wave paddle so that various waves can be generated directly in a fixed Cartesian grid system. The theoretical results of the linear and nonlinear waves are used to validate the numerical wave flume firstly, and then a plunging breaking wave created by a focused waves group is simulated. The numerical results are compared to the experimental data and other simulation results, with very good agreements. The turbulence intensity, the flow field and the energy dissipation in the breaking processes are analyzed based on the numerical results. It is shown that the present numerical model is efficient and accurate for studying the waves group generation, the waves packet propagation, and the wave breaking processes.     

黄河龙青段主要环境工程地质问题分析思路

介绍了黄河上游龙青段主要环境工程地质问题的分析思路，以达到抛砖引玉，交流和提高电工程地质勘测水平的目的。     

Two-dimensional flow towards a guarded downhole sampling probe: An experimental study

The guarded-probe concept for downhole fluid sampling is analogous to that of focused electrodes for borehole electrical measurements. The guard part of the probe surrounds the sample probe and draws fluid from the near-wellbore region of the rock formation where pore fluid is contaminated with drilling fluid filtrate (invasion fluid). Fluid entering the central sample probe comes from points deeper in the formation, where contamination is lower. We report experiments performed to study the guard probe concept in two dimensions. For these experiments, glass beads contained in a thin cell formed the porous medium. The original, uncontaminated pore fluid was an optical index-matching oil. The invasion fluid was the same oil with a dissolved dye. A camera recorded the displacement of the dyed fluid by the clear fluid and the dye concentration was measured in the flow lines through which fluid was withdrawn. The experiments verify that in 2 dimensions a guarded probe produces clean samples of original pore fluid faster than would a simple probe. The experiments were successfully modeled, without adjustable parameters, by means of a finite-difference numerical reservoir simulator and by computations based on an approximate velocity field given by a complex variable solution of the Laplace equation.     

电缆地层测试取样模式研究

稠油、低渗透性、高压差等疑难地层及其取样纯度和泵抽时间是电缆地层测试目前面临的主要问题.应用斯伦贝谢公司研制的聚焦探针,改进传统探针的取样模式,在很大程度上解决了这些问题.以多口井的成功应用为基础,分析研究聚焦探针的取样模式和技术特性,总结其应用效果和适用范围,并提出合理化建议,对电缆地层测试技术在中国的应用和发展具有...     

聚焦超声控制交联聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯)/介孔二氧化硅复合材料的形状记忆和药物释放

研究了交联聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯)/介孔二氧化硅复合材料在聚焦超声作用下的形状记忆性能和药物控制释放行为。实验表明,介孔二氧化硅的添加对复合材料声-热转换效率有一定提高作用,从而可以提高其形状回复率。另一方面,药物释放实验证实了此复合材料具有良好的聚焦超声控制药物释放性能,在多次聚焦超声ON/OFF转换下,药物呈现明显ON/OFF释放状态的转换,并且随着超声强度和聚合物基体中药物含量的增大,释放速率显著提高。与直接添加纯布洛芬相比,介孔二氧化硅的引入可以显著降低药物预释放量,提高释放可控性。     

等离子体浸没式离子注入-离子束增强沉积TiN膜研究

本文采用一种新型的等离子体浸没式离子注入 离子束增强沉积的技术(PIII IBAD),在Cr12MoV钢基体上制备出了TiN膜,对沉积膜的组织进行了光电子能谱分析,并对沉积膜进行了硬度检测、摩擦试验及磨痕形貌分析。试验结果表明,沉积膜中的组织为TiN、TiO2和Ti2O3,TiN膜具有高达Hv3200的高硬度和极其优良的摩擦性能。