城市燃气管网的管径优选

根据城市燃气管网设计的特点和燃气管输理论,以图论原理为指导,运用最优化方法,以使整个城市管网系统的管网造价最低为目标函数,以管网的压力降方程、连续性方程、环路压力平衡方程等为约束条件,建立了城市燃气管网管径优化模型,采用拉格朗日算法优化燃气管网,并开发了城市燃气管网管径优选计算软件。     

基于给水管网建模技术对DMA分区的研究

应用InfoWorks WS软件建立某小区给水管网的水力模型.运用模型对该小区管网进行了分析,为该区作为分区装表计量技术的一个独立分区的设计方案提出了建议和意见.为其他区域合理性分区提供参考依据.     

ANSYS在整体式排水圆管分析中的应用

基于ANSYS APDL参数化设计语言编写程序,利用程序对整体式排水圆管进行数值计算.模型中考虑了不同荷载的施工方法,并利用路径映射技术实现了各截面的内力输出,从而合理地揭示了在土压力、外水压力和自重的共同作用下整体式排水圆管的位移、应力和内力分布规律.最后通过工程实例,验证了程序的可靠性.     

中国石化武汉分公司低温热能的利用

介绍了中国石化武汉分公司低温热利用节能改造情况．利用催化裂化装置的顶循环油直接做气分塔底热源以及催化塔顶油气加热热媒水,取代原来的蒸汽加热,为气分装置提供塔底重沸器热源．通过能量的梯级利用,有效解决了全厂热源能级利用不合理的问题．项目投用后,节能效果显著,武汉分公司可以节约1．0MPa蒸汽184．8kt／a．     

Research on the Control Strategy of Variable Nozzle Turbocharger for Natural Gas Engine

A variable nozzle turbocharger (VNT) was applied to a 2.2-liter L4 natural gas engine,and a VNT control system was designed to operate it.Based on VNT matching test results,a VNT control strategy was studied,in which VNT adjustment is carried out through pre-calibrated VNT handling rod position,combined with a closed-loop target boost pressure feedback using proportional-integral-derivative(PID) algorithm.Experimental results showed that the VNT control system presented in this thesis can lead to optimized ...     

烟气冷凝热能回收利用装置烟气流动方式优化研究

烟气冷凝热能回收利用装置中烟气的分布与流动对换热起着重要作用,为优化烟气冷凝热能回收利用装置,保证烟气能够在装置中分布均匀、充分换热,分别设计两种烟气流动方式,采用CFD软件Fluent模拟了烟气冷凝热能回收利用装置中的流场及温度场,并将其分别应用于实际工程进行现场实测.结果表明,采用渐变断面设计的烟气流动方式,烟气在换热面上分布更均匀,更有利于强化换热,阻力更小,节能率比采用等高断面最大可提高3.25%,可有效降低和消除噪音.     

Sintering technology for micro heat pipe with sintered wick

In order to study reasonable sintering technological parameters and appropriate copper powder size range of micro heat pipe (MHP) with the sintered wick, the forming principle of copper powders in wicks and MHP’s heat transfer capabilities were first analyzed, then copper powders with different cell sizes and dispersions were sintered in RXL-12-11 resistance furnace under the protection of the hydrogen at different sintering temperatures for different durations of sintering time, and finally the sintered wicks’ scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and their heat transfer capabilities were analyzed. The results indicate that the wick sintered with copper powders of larger cell size or smaller size range has better sintering properties and larger heat transfer capabilities; and that the increase of either sintering temperatures or sintering time also helps to improve the wick’s sintering properties and heat transfer capabilities, and the former affects more obviously than the latter. Considering both its manufacturing cost and performance requirements, it is recommended that copper powders with the size range of 140–170 μm are sintered at 900–950°C for 30–60 min in practical manufacturing. In addition, two approaches to improve wick’s porosity are also proposed through theoretical analysis, which suggests that the larger the wick’s porosity, the better the heat transfer capabilities of the MHP.     

Status of research on biogenic coalbed gas generation mechanisms

Biogenic coalbed gas,how it is generated and the geochemical characteristics of the gas are gaining global attention.The ways coalbed gas is generated,the status of research on the generation mechanism and the methods of differentiating between biogenic gasses are discussed.The generation of biogenic coalbed methane is consistent with anaerobic fermentation theory.Commercial biogenic coalbed gas reservoirs are mainly generated by the process of CO2 reduction.The substrates used by the microbes living in the coal include organic compounds,CO2,H2 and acetate.The production ratio and quantity of biogenic coalbed methane depend on the exposed surface area,the solubility and permeability of the coal and the microbial concentration in the coal seam.It is generally believed that biogenic coalbed gas has a value for σ13C1＜-5.5%,C1/C1+＞0.95.The H isotope ratio is controlled by both the environment and the generation mechanism:typically σD1＜-20%.Biogenic methane formed by CO2 reduction has more σD1 than that formed by acetate fermentation.     

Fissure evolution and evaluation of pressure-relief gas drainage in the exploitation of super-remote protected seams

Based on nonlinearity contact theory and the geological structure of the Xieqiao Coal Mine in the newly developed Huainan coal field, rock movements, mining fissures and deformation of overlying strata were simulated by using the interface unit of FLAC3D to evaluate the pressure-relief gas drainage in the exploitation of super-remote protected seams. The simulation indicates that the height of the water flowing fractured zone is 54 m in the overlying strata above the protective layer. The maximum relative swelling deformation of the C 13 coal seam is 0.232%,while the mining height is 3.0 m and the distance from the B8 roof to the C13 floor is 129 m, which provides good agreement with a similar experiment and in situ results. The feasibility of exploitation of a super-remote protective coal seam and the performance of the pressure-relief gas drainage in a super-remote protected layer are evaluated by comparisons with practice projects. It demonstrates that the relieved gas in the super-remote protected layers could be better drained and it is feasible to exploit the B8 coal seam before the C13 super-remote protected coal seam. The method is applicable for the study of rock movements, mining fissures and deformation of the overburden, using the interface unit to analyze the contact problems in coal mines.     

Effect of variation in gas distribution on explosion propagation characteristics in coal mines

In order to investigate the effect of variation in the distribution of gas on explosion propagation characteristics in coal mines, experiments were carried out in two different channels with variation in gas concentration and geometry. Flame and pressure transducers were used to track the explosion front velocity. The flame speed (Sf) showed a slight downward trend while the methane concentration varied from 10% to 3% in the experimental channel. The peak overpressure (Pmax) dropped dramatically when com-pared with normal conditions. As well, the values of Pmax and Sf decreased when the methane concentration dropped from 8% to 6%. The flame speed in the channel, connected to a cylinder with a length varying from 0.5 to 2 m, was greater than that in the normal channel. The peak overpressure was also higher than that under normal conditions because of a higher flame speed and stronger pressure piling up. The values of Pmax and Sf increased with an increase in cylinder length. The research results indicate that damage caused by explosions can be reduced by decreasing the gas concentration, which should be immediately detected in roadways with large cross-sections because of the possibility of greater destruction caused by more serious explosions.