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11.
高沸点溶剂法合成原乙酸三甲酯 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对低沸点溶剂法制备原乙酸三甲酯工艺进行了改进,比较了煤油、2-乙基己醇、氯苯、异佛尔酮、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、乙二醇二丁醚等高沸点溶剂对反应的影响,筛选出最优高沸点溶剂煤油:研究了新反应体系的醇解pH值、溶剂的循环使用次数对反应的影响及溶剂循环损耗率,结果表明,醇解的最佳pH值为5.6;随着溶剂循环次数增加,原乙酸三甲酯收率从83.6%(1次)逐渐下降到76.7%(16次);溶剂次平均损耗率4.6%。实现了直接蒸馏产品,溶剂循环使用的新工艺。避免了旧工艺先蒸溶剂,后蒸产品,产品大量分解,收率低等缺点。 相似文献
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D. M. Weaver 《Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems》1993,36(2):165-170
Nutrient loss from rural point sources and urban environments need to be minimised as part of strategies to overcome declining water quality on the Swan Coastal Plain and in the Peel-Harvey estuary in Western Australia. This paper discusses the management of nutrient losses from domestic effluent, urban stormwater runoff, domestic gardens and public open space, intensive animal industries and intensive irrigated agriculture. Measures to minimise nutrient losses from these sources are outlined, using cooperative, technological and regulatory approaches. 相似文献
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Abstract. Consider an AR(1) process given by X t =γ+ø X t + Z t ≥ 1. where 0 ≤γ, 0 ≤ø 1 are unknown parameters and the innovations Z t , ≥ 1, are independently and identically distributed positive random variables. We propose estimates of (γø) which are obtained as the solution to a linear programming problem and establish their strong consistency. When the Z t s have the exponential distribution. our estimate becomes the conditional maximum likelihood estimate given X 0 . Under the assumption of regular variation of the innovation distribution at its left and right endpoints (assumed to be 0 and ∝ respectively), we establish asymptotic limit laws for the estimates. Consistent estimators for a class of moving-average processes with heavy-tailed innovation distribution are also presented. 相似文献
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主要针对7.63m特大型焦炉砌筑施工技术,从工程实践效果分析其施工技术在质量、工期、成本等方面收到良好的经济效益和社会效益,现对7.63m特大型焦炉施工技术作简要介绍。 相似文献
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To maximize the number of vehicles passing by the stop-line in a cycle and improve the operation efficiency of intersection in China,the settlement of left-turn lane waiting-zone is becoming prevailing. Based on conflicting-point method,the internal mechanism of left-turn flow after stopping line was analyzed through taking postposition left-turn lane waiting-zone intersection for instance. The relationship between the first left-turn vehicle and the last vehicle of previous phase passing the conflicting point was expounded. According to the time of successive arriving of two vehicle flows at conflicting-point,the reasonable layout for waiting area of left-turn vehicles was researched when the clearance index was less than 0. The results suggest that the appropriate layout for waiting area of left-turning vehicles can improve the operation efficiency of intersections. 相似文献
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In this paper, the uplink and downlink performance of a two-tier heterogeneous network (HetNet) with range expansion (RE) is analyzed. Different from previous works, base stations (BSs) are modeled as a spatial Poisson point process. This model can not only capture the irregularity of the BS deployment but also lead to closed form expressions. With the analytical results, the impacts of several key parameters on the coverage and throughput performance are investigated. Our results justifies the effectiveness of RE and Pico deployment. Based on our analyses, certain attention should be made on the RE design to balance the uplink and downlink performance. Our analyses are corroborated by simulations and can thus serve as a flexible and quick guidance for system design without complicated and time-consuming system-level platform construction and simulation. 相似文献
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