黄河淤积粉土的两种复合稳定方案与性能对比

为探索路基工程中黄河淤积粉土的稳定技术和性能保障方案,针对德州齐河县境内的黄河淤积粉土,在乳化沥青复合稳定粉土(AE稳定土)的研究基础上,采用无机/有机复合材料制备出一种复合固化剂(FG固化剂),研究了AE稳定土和FG稳定土2种稳定方案下粉土的抗压强度性质、水稳定性和抗冻融能力;结合XRD、SEM表征技术,探讨了FG固化剂的稳定机理。研究认为,FG固化剂稳定土较AE稳定土有着更高的无侧限抗压强度、回弹模量和承载能力,水稳定性良好,在抗冻融能力上有着比AE稳定土更好的效果。XRD与SEM分析表明,FG固化剂提供了活性矿物质,其复合胶凝效应和填充增强保障了粉土的抗压强度,高分子物质起到粘结颗粒界面、填塞孔隙的作用,降低了内部孔隙率;两者造成土体的最大干密度变大;与AE稳定土的稳定机理不同。FG固化剂的使用为黄河粉土的稳定和工程应用提供了参考方法。     

基于CMIP5的中国西北地区暖湿化演变研究

为了解中国西北地区历史与未来时期的气候演变趋势,以CMFD再分析数据集及CMIP5全球气候模式输出数据为基础,从时空维度详细分析了西北地区历史气候的演变特征并对区域未来气候发展进行了预估。结果表明：1979-2018年西北地区的气温、降水量以及近地面空气比湿均呈现出明显的增加趋势,且未来极有可能继续增加;此外,降水量在年内的分配过程越趋均匀化,且降水结构在2001年左右发生了较大突变。整体来看,西北地区的历史气候演变显示出高度的暖湿化倾向。未来情景下,西北地区的气候将继续朝暖湿化方向发展,同时降水量的年内分配不均匀性也将进一步减小,且在RCP8.5排放情景下表现的更为突出。本研究可为西北地区气候变化的影响评估提供参考,同时也为水利、农业、气象和生态等部门的决策提供科学依据。     

On the backstepping design procedure for multiple input nonlinear systems

In a recent paper, we developed a structural decomposition for multiple input multiple output nonlinear systems that are affine in control but otherwise general. In this paper, we exploit the structural properties of such a decomposition in the application of the backstepping design technique on multiple input nonlinear systems. In particular, this decomposition simplifies the conventional backstepping design and motivates new backstepping design procedures that are able to stabilize systems on which the conventional backstepping procedure is not applicable. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Tracking control and robustness analysis for planar vertical takeoff and landing aircraft under bounded feedbacks

We study feedback tracking problems for the planar vertical takeoff and landing (PVTOL) aircraft dynamics, which is a benchmark model in aerospace engineering. We provide a survey of the literature on the model. Then we construct new feedback stabilizers for the PVTOL tracking dynamics. The novelty of our work is in the boundedness of our feedback controllers and their applicability to cases where the velocity measurements may not be available, coupled with the uniform global asymptotic stability and uniform local exponential stability of the closed‐loop tracking dynamics and the input‐to‐state stable performance of the closed‐loop tracking dynamics with respect to actuator errors. Our proofs are based on a new bounded backstepping result. We illustrate our work in a tracking problem along a circle. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Robust stability and stabilization of discrete singular systems with interval time-varying delay and linear fractional uncertainty

The robust stability and robust stabilization problems for discrete singular systems with interval time-varying delay and linear fractional uncertainty are discussed. A new delay-dependent criterion is established for the nominal discrete singular delay systems to be regular, causal and stable by employing the linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. It is shown that the newly proposed criterion can provide less conservative results than some existing ones. Then, with this criterion, the problems of robust stability and robust stabilization for uncertain discrete singular delay systems are solved, and the delay-dependent LMI conditions are obtained. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the e?ectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Semi‐Global Output Feedback Stabilization for a Class of Uncertain Nonlinear Systems

This paper addresses the problem of semi‐global stabilization by output feedback for a class of nonlinear systems whose output gains are unknown. For each subsystem, we first design a state compensator and use the compensator states to construct a control law to stabilize the nominal linear system without the perturbing nonlinearities. Then, combining the output feedback domination approach with block‐backstepping scheme, a series of homogeneous output feedback controllers are constructed recursively for each subsystem and the closed‐loop system is rendered semi‐globally asymptotically stable.     

Stabilization of impulsive hybrid systems using quantized input and output feedback

In this paper, we consider the feedback stabilization of impulsive control systems with quantized input and output signals. To study the problem, the notions of quasi‐invariant sets and attracting sets for impulsive systems with quantization are introduced first, and then applied to the control design. Hybrid quantized control schemes are proposed to stabilize the considered impulsive linear or nonlinear systems via either input or output feedback. Mathematical analysis and numerical simulations are given to show the principle and effectiveness of the proposed designs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

Exponential stabilization of uncertain time‐delay linear systems with Markovian jumping parameters

This paper studies the exponential stabilization problem of uncertain time‐delay linear systems with Markovian jumping parameters. A novel delay decomposition approach is developed to derive delay‐dependent conditions under which the closed‐loop control system is mean square exponentially stable for all admissible uncertainties. It is shown that the feedback gain matrices and the decay rate can be obtained by solving coupled linear matrix inequalities. Moreover, the difficulties arising from searching for tuning parameters in the existing methods are overcome. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

近邻自适应局部尺度的谱聚类算法

提出一种在LUV空间中基于多层次化结构Nystrm方法的自适应谱聚类算法。首先引入LUV色彩空间,避免了RGB色彩空间中色彩辨别阈对分割的影响,在纹理、边缘区域取得了更好的分割效果;其次将谱聚类算法中基于多层次化结构的方法和基于Nystrm采样的方法结合起来,有效减少了运算时间、解决了数据量较大时计算过程中内存溢出的问题;最后在K均值聚类中通过对特征间隙(eigengap)的分析,自适应地选择K值的大小,解决了自动确定聚类数目的问题。将提出的方法在LUV色彩空间中和RGB色彩空间中分别进行图像分割实验,结果表明在LUV色彩空间中取得效果更加理想。同时也将提出的算法与基于Nystrm方法的谱聚类算法(spectral clustering-Nystrm,SC-N)进行比较。实验结果表明,该算法在数据运算量、运行时间和分割结果上都优于SC-N方法。     

Multiple Na,K-ATPase Subunits Colocalize in the Brush Border of Mouse Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells

(1) Background: The unusual accumulation of Na,K-ATPase complexes in the brush border membrane of choroid plexus epithelial cells have intrigued researchers for decades. However, the full range of the expressed Na,K-ATPase subunits and their relation to the microvillus cytoskeleton remains unknown. (2) Methods: RT-PCR analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, native PAGE, mass spectrometry, and differential centrifugation were combined with high-resolution immunofluorescence histochemistry, proximity ligase assays, and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy on mouse choroid plexus cells or tissues in order to resolve these issues. (3) Results: The choroid plexus epithelium expresses Na,K-ATPase subunits α1, α2, β1, β2, β3, and phospholemman. The α1, α2, β1, and β2, subunits are all localized to the brush border membrane, where they appear to form a complex. The ATPase complexes may stabilize in the brush border membrane via anchoring to microvillar actin indirectly through ankyrin-3 or directly via other co-precipitated proteins. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) may form part of the proposed multi-protein complexes in contrast to another membrane protein, the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1). NKCC1 expression seems necessary for full brush border membrane accumulation of the Na,K-ATPase in the choroid plexus. (4) Conclusion: A multitude of Na,K-ATPase subunits form molecular complexes in the choroid plexus brush border, which may bind to the cytoskeleton by various alternative actin binding proteins.