桩基中钢筋笼长度无损检测技术模型实验及认识

针对桩基中钢筋笼长度检测难的问题,探索一种能定量或半定量检测桩体中钢筋笼的长度、且不需要进行破坏性开挖的无损检测技术。其思路是将桩基中的钢筋笼等效为电极,根据电极埋入的长短不同,在地表所测量到的电位、电感、电容等电性参数的差异来分析判断电极的长度。根据理论模型设计并完成了水槽模型实验和桩基模型实验。同时对实验数据进行了分析,初步探讨了此方法的可行性并指出了进一步研究的方向。     

双材料界面剪切应力分析

在传统弹塑性理论的基本框架内,考虑应变梯度效应,分析了钢与混凝土粘结界面处混凝土局部滑移带内部塑性剪应变的规律,推导了剪应力与剪切滑动位移的关系及剪切滑移切向速度表达式.混凝土粘结滑移层内部应变集中程度随剪应力降增加而加剧,在应变软化阶段,剪切滑移切向速度与剪应力卸载率成正比.应用虚功率原理和塑性极限分析上限定理,分析了钢与混凝土双材料界面的剪切滑移强度,认为起主要作用的是混凝土的抗拉强度、与型钢表面状况有关的粘聚力、机械咬合力和混凝土对型钢的横向约束力等.     

路面板温度翘曲变形对基层的作用分析

目的为了研究温度变化对水泥混凝土路面基层的影响．方法结合试验路温度场监测数据,采用三维有限元法对基层结构在温度翘曲变形及与车辆荷载耦合作用下的受力特性进行分析．结果路面板正温度梯度翘曲变形作用下产生的基层应力要显著大于负温度梯度翘曲变形作用下产生的基层应力．路面板正温度梯度翘曲变形作用下产生应力与车辆荷载应力相迭加,二者耦合应力较大,且层间约束越大,应力越大．而负温度梯度翘曲变形作用下两者相抵．结论研究表明,基层受温度变化产生的变形主要由路面板翘曲变形引起,而自身温度场变化可忽略不计．     

电沉积nano-Al_2O_3/Ni+Co梯度复合镀层

采用电沉积方法以灰铸铁为基体制备了金属与纳米陶瓷复合镀层,基质金属为镍钴,第二相纳米陶瓷颗粒选用Al2O3。通过表面形态观察可知,由于纳米颗粒的高活性表面为沉积过程提供了大量的核心,使得复合镀层较金属镍钴镀层组织致密,晶粒细小。线扫描成分分析表明:镀层中纳米颗粒含量呈梯度分布。对其显微硬度进行测量,结果显示:复合镀层显微硬度由表层到里层呈梯度分布。耐磨性试验表明:复合镀层中Al2O3纳米颗粒产生的弥散强化效应和晶粒细化效应使复合镀层耐磨性显著优于纯镍钴镀层。对复合镀层和纯镍钴镀层磨损形貌的观察分析表明:复合镀层磨损表面出现沿摩擦副运动方向的犁沟,而纯镍钴镀层磨损表面呈现大片剥落,磨损机制为黏着磨损。     

The C-G coefficients for the space group D6h^1

In this paper, the eigenfunction method established by Chen Jin-quan is used to compute the C-G coefficients in regard to the coupling between symmetry points and lines in the first Brillouin zone of the structure D6h^1, space group. Therewith, the wave vector selection rule and the C-G series, are also given as the middle result of computing the C-G coefficients.     

精确一维搜索下几种共轭梯度法的分析比较

共轭梯度法是求解无约束非线性规划问题的一种重要方法．针对的几种计算公式。通过几个典型计算实例,对精确一维搜索下所述几种熊的几种计算公式所决定的算法的收敛效果进行比较,分析了它们的数值计算过程、收敛速度及全局收敛性的优劣．     

模糊系统结合蚁群算法的金具温升建模

为了得到准确可靠的阀厅连接金具温升模型,运用模糊系统结合蚁群算法的方法进行建模。在分析基本蚁群算法与梯度下降法优缺点的基础上,将两种方法结合形成改进蚁群算法,即在基本蚁群算法基础上应用梯度下降算法。通过试验得到的训练数据分别用基本蚁群算法、梯度下降算法、改进蚁群算法训练模糊系统,改进蚁群算法的收敛效果优于其他两种方法;通过试验得到的测试数据对4种方法所得的模型进行测试,由改进蚁群算法训练模糊系统所得模型的测试效果是最好的。结果表明,若能通过试验得到足量训练数据,用改进蚁群算法训练模糊系统的方法对阀厅连接金具的温升进行建模是可行的。     

3D reconstruction method based on contour features

To guarantee the accuracy and real-time of the 3D reconstruction method for outdoor scene, an algorithm based on region segmentation and matching was proposed. Firstly, on the basis of morphological gradient information, obtained by comparing color weight gradient images and proposing a multi-threshold segmentation, scene contour features were extracted by a watershed algorithm and a fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm. Secondly, to reduce the search area, increase the correct matching ratio and accelerate the matching speed, the region constraint was established according to a region''s local position, area and gray characteristics, the edge pixel constraint was established according to the epipolar constraint and the continuity constraint. Finally, by using the stereo matching edge pixel pairs, their 3D coordinates were estimated according to the binocular stereo vision imaging model. Experimental results show that the proposed method can yield a high stereo matching ratio and reconstruct a 3D scene quickly and efficiently.     

结合自适应稀疏表示和全变分约束的图像重建

In view of the limitation of fixed complete orthogonal transformation, represented by two-dimensional wavelet transform and discrete cosine transform in compressed sensing high-resolution image reconstruction, this paper proposes a new method for high-resolution image reconstruction based on adaptive redundant dictionary sparse representation with the total variation constraint.The algorithm takes the intermediate image in the process of iteration as the training sample to get a redundant dictionary suitable for sample characteristics by adaptive learning. It makes full use of the correlation between dictionary atoms and the image to get an ideal complete sparse representation, thus reducing the sampling rate and improving the quality of image reconstruction. Finally, the algorithm takes the total variation as a constraint and uses the split Bregman iterative method to solve the sparse optimization problem. Simulation shows that the proposed method can reconstruct high quality images under a low sampling rate.     

三维温度梯度场中本征声线轨迹的求取

为了降低声波在温度梯度场中的折射现象对声学CT法温度场重建精度的影响,研究了温度梯度场中声波的真实传播路径,即本征声线轨迹,提出了一种三维本征声线出射角确定法.利用正三棱锥前向展开法,在单峰、双峰模型温度场中进行了三维本征声线追踪.结果表明,三维温度梯度场中的声线轨迹有明显弯曲,该三维本征声线轨迹求取法可用于复杂三维温度场中实际声线轨迹的确定,并有望应用于三维温度场声学CT重建系统中.