求解作业车间调度问题的一种改进遗传算法

为克服传统遗传算法解决车间作业调度问题的局限性,综合遗传算法和局部搜索的优点,提出一种改进的遗传算法。为基于工序的编码提出了一种新的POX交叉算子。同时,为克服传统遗传算法在求解车间作业调度问题时的早熟收敛,设计了一种子代交替模式的交叉方式,并运用局部搜索改善交叉和变异后得到的调度解,将提出的改进遗传算法应用于MuthandThompson基准问题的实验运行,显示了该算法的有效性。     

我国核电循环泵齿轮箱的发展概况

简要概述了国内外核能发电业的发展状况,及核电循环泵齿轮箱的国产化应用情况,指出了目前制约我国核电齿轮箱国产化的主要问题,展望了核电齿轮箱国产化的发展前景。     

Mass and lifetime measurements of exotic nuclei in storage rings

Mass and lifetime measurements lead to the discovery and understanding of basic properties of matter. The isotopic nature of the chemical elements, nuclear binding, and the location and strength of nuclear shells are the most outstanding examples leading to the development of the first nuclear models. More recent are the discoveries of new structures of nuclides far from the valley of stability. A new generation of direct mass measurements which allows the exploration of extended areas of the nuclear mass surface with high accuracy has been opened up with the combination of the Experimental Storage Ring ESR and the FRragment Separator FRS at GSI Darmstadt. In-flight separated nuclei are stored in the ring. Their masses are directly determined from the revolution frequency. Dependent on the half-life two complementary methods are applied. Schottky Mass Spectrometry SMS relies on the measurement of the revolution frequency of electron cooled stored ions. The cooling time determines the lower half-life limit to the order of seconds. For Isochronous Mass Spectrometry IMS the ring is operated in an isochronous ion-optical mode. The revolution frequency of the individual ions coasting in the ring is measured using a time-of-flight method. Nuclides with lifetimes down to microseconds become accessible. With SMS masses of several hundreds nuclides have been measured simultaneously with an accuracy in the 2 x 10(-7)-range. This high accuracy and the ability to study large areas of the mass surface are ideal tools to discover new nuclear structure properties and to guide improvements for theoretical mass models. In addition, nuclear half-lives of stored bare and highly charged ions have been measured. This new experimental development is a significant progress since nuclear decay characteristics are mostly known for neutral atoms. For bare and highly charged ions new nuclear decay modes become possible, such as bound-state beta decay. Dramatic changes in the nuclear lifetime have been observed in highly charged ions compared to neutral atoms due to blocking of nuclear decay channels caused by the modified atomic interaction. High ionization degrees prevail in hot stellar matter and thus these experiments have great relevance for the understanding of the synthesis of elements in the universe and astrophysical scenarios in general.     

基于RBF神经元网络的漂浮基空间机械臂关节运动自适应控制方法

讨论了栽体位置、姿态均不受控制情况下,漂浮基空间机械臂关节运动的控制问题.由拉格朗日第二类方法及系统动量、动量矩守恒关系,建立了漂浮基空间机械臂完全能控形式的系统动力学方程.以此为基础,借助于RBF神经网络技术、Ge-Lee(GL)矩阵及其乘积算子定义,对漂浮基空间机械臂进行了神经网络系统建模;针对空间机械臂系统所有惯性参数均未知的情况,设计了漂浮基空间机械臂关节运动的自适应神经网络控制方案.提出的控制方案不要求系统动力学方程具有通常的关于惯性参数的线性性质,且无需预知系统惯性参数的任何信息,也无需对神经网络进行离线训练、学习,此外,由于充分利用了空间机械臂的系统动力学特性,因此在控制过程中不需要反馈、测量漂浮基的位置、移动速度、移动加速度以及姿态转角的角速度、角加速度.一个平面两杆漂浮基空间机械臂的系统数值仿真证实了该方案的有效性.     

基于面向对象的覆盖件模具三维结构设计系统的研究

在考虑已有研究的基础上[1],进一步实现了一个基于面向对象的汽车覆盖件拉延模三维结构设计系统。该系统主要包括：用户界面、模具初始化总体结构设计、模具标准件结构设计类、模具典型零件结构特征设计类。并以覆盖件拉延模具典型零件及标准件结构设计为例,具体说明面向对象的三维结构设计类的表示方式和实现方法。最终达到简化覆盖件模具结构设计过程,初步实现模具三维结构图的自动生成。     

一种基于改进遗传算法的神经网络优化算法研究

遗传算法是目前优化搜索算法中应用比较广泛的一种,但基本遗传算法存在收敛速度慢、易于陷入局部最优等缺点。针对上述问题对遗传算法(GA)的选择算子进行改进,在最优保存策略的基础上将每代种群按照适应度由小到大排序,平均分成前中后3段,按照0.6、0.8、1的比例进行选择;从尾段中随机抽取个体来补足种群由于选择操作而损失的个体;既利用了最优保存策略的全局收敛特性同时也保持了种群的多样性;用改进的遗传算法调整神经网络的权值形成了新的改进遗传算法优化BP神经网络(IGA-BP);通过与选择算子为适应度比例选择算子的GA-BP网络进行比较,结果表明算法改进后缩短了收敛时间同时减少了运行误差;最后将该改进算法应用于水泥回转窑的故障诊断中,验证了算法的可行性。     

A MODULAR-TYPE ATOMIC ABSORPTION INSTRUMENT WITH THE GRAPHITE FURNACE IN A GLOVE BOX FOR NUCLEAR APPLICATIONS

This article describes a glove box adaptation of an atomic absorption spectrometer with a graphite furnace as the atomization source. Unlike flame atomic absorption, in which the ground state atoms quickly diffuse out of the atom cell, graphite furnace atomic absorption, being a total consumption technique, offers the ability to de-solvate and atomize the entire sample solution in a more controlled environment. This significantly improves the sensitivity and provides superior detection limits with microliter sample volumes. An atomic absorption instrument was converted into separate modular units consisting of the source, atomizer, and detection system. In addition, these units were modified to enable their use in the glove box, allowing the analysis of nuclear samples. Proper optical alignment of the source, atomizer, and detector system was performed to allow the analysis of toxic samples.     

On the (un)conditionality of automatic attitude activation: The valence proportion effect.

Affective priming studies have shown that participants are faster to pronounce affectively polarized target words that are preceded by affectively congruent prime words than affectively polarized target words that are preceded by affectively incongruent prime words. We examined whether affective priming of naming responses depends on the valence proportion (i.e., the proportion of stimuli that are affectively polarized). In one group of participants, experimental trials were embedded in a context of filler trials that consisted of affectively polarized stimulus materials (i.e., high valence proportion condition). In a second group, the same set of experimental trials was embedded in a context of filler trials consisting of neutral stimuli (i.e., low valence proportion condition). Results showed that affective priming of naming responses was significantly stronger in the high valence proportion condition than in the low valence proportion condition. We conclude that (a) subtle aspects of the procedure can influence affective priming of naming responses, (b) finding affective priming of naming responses does not allow for the conclusion that affective stimulus processing is unconditional, and (c) affective stimulus processing depends on selective attention for affective stimulus information. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于有限元分析的核反应堆中管接头淬火残余应力分析研究

采用有限元仿真通用平台Abaqus模拟了核反应堆中不锈钢管接头淬火过程,分析了淬火后残余应力的分布情况,得到了残余应力在管接头内外表面的分布特性。研究了改变淬火温度与淬火冷却速率对残余应力分布特性的影响,然后结合不同淬火工艺实现的条件,在保证最低资源消耗与得到最佳残余应力场的情况下,寻求最优的淬火工艺条件,为企业的淬火工艺制定提供了一种很好的参考。     

超声振动对含LPSO结构的Mg98Y1.0Ni0.5Al0.5合金显微组织与力学性能的影响(英文)

低Y、Ni含量的LPSO结构增强镁合金具有低成本、优异力学性能的特点。为进一步提升其综合力学性能,掺杂Al元素及熔体超声振动处理是可行的途径。通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射和纳米压痕测试研究掺杂Al元素后低Y、Ni含量的Mg98Y1.0Ni0.5Al0.5合金的显微组织,对比超声振动对显微组织与力学性能的影响。掺杂Al后LPSO结构的含量降低,且在块状LPSO结构相邻处析出圆整的Al₂NiY相。Al₂NiY相与LPSO结构和Mg基体在界面处均不共格。通过对熔体施加超声振动处理后,Al₂NiY相被有效细化为短片状,并均匀分布在基体中,阻碍微裂纹的产生和扩展,从而提高Mg₉₈Ni_0.5Y_1.0Al_0.5合金的力学性能。与未经超声处理Mg₉₈Ni_0.5Y_1.0Al_0.5合金相比,其极限抗拉强度和伸长率提升至187 MPa和7.9...