医保系统异构软件集成实现的研究

通过医疗保险软件多系统集成的实现来探索一种可行的数据交换方式。在多软件集成应用系统中,异构软件间的数据交换与通信是需要解决的一个重要问题,这里通过使用前置机方式提供了一种解决方法。     

Comparative study on the effects of groupware and conventional technologies on the efficiency of collaborative writing

In this paper the concept of efficiency in collaborative writing is considered in detail and a definition of efficiency is proposed. The definition of efficiency leads to the development of a research framework that delineates five operational measures of efficiency: (a) writing activities efficiency, (b) coordination efficiency, (c) quality of output, (d) absence of breakdowns, and (e) satisfaction with group performance. A comparative study is subsequently presented on the effects that groupware and conventional technologies have on the effciency of collaborative writing. The hypothesis is advanced that groupware can improve the efficiency of collaborative writing over conventional technologies. The results seem to support the hypothesis and indicate that (a) the groupware system examined in this study (MUCH system) offers efficiency benefits in terms of coordination, (b) MUCH users tend to face communication breakdowns while users of conventional technologies tend to face task-related breakdowns, (c) the documents produced with MUCH are of higher content quality, more coherent, and of higher rhetorical effectiveness than the documents produced with conventional technologies, and (d) the comparison of MUCH with conventional technologies shows no significant difference in terms of their effects on group performance satisfaction.     

E-learning and the third age

As a result of the general improvement in living conditions in industrialised Western countries, people aged over 60 years usually reach the ‘third age’ in good mental and physical condition. Contemporary society has thus had to endeavour to offer the ‘new old’ not only social services but also pastimes, leisure, social, cultural and educational activities. Among the range of opportunities being made available is that of acquiring skills in the use of information and communication technology (ICT), an area of ever‐increasing prominence. This can be seen not only as an opportunity for individual cultural growth but also the basic condition for conceiving a range of practical network‐based services and applications of great social significance for the elderly population. This article refers to one of these initiatives, developed in Liguria (one of the Italian regions with the oldest population), whose purpose was to train about 600 over‐60s in the use of ICT. What we will analyse here in particular are the results of e‐learning activities offered to a sample of participants and with reference to a segment of the entire training process envisaged by the regional initiative. The specific objectives of the activity were to verify the real possibility of proposing short, online learning modules on the use of Internet for older users; to survey users' attitudes/reactions to e‐learning; and to analyse the follow‐up of distance training activities.     

Evaluating system-based strategies for managing conflict in collaborative concept mapping

This study examined the influence of various conflict management mechanisms embedded into computer‐supported collaborative concept mapping systems on the behaviour and learning of elementary students. Four conflict management mechanisms were compared: an assign design, in which the mapping control was designated to a particular group member; a rotate design, in which the mapping control was rotated among the group members; a give design, in which the child with mapping control could relinquish control to another group member; and an open design, in which every group member simultaneously had mapping control. Ninety‐six fifth and sixth grade Taiwanese students participated in this study. They were arranged into assign, rotate, give, or open three‐member groups to generate collaboratively shared concept maps. Student interactions, attitudes, and achievement were analysed. The results suggest that each conflict management mechanism has a different effect on the elementary students.     

新三维协作感知模型及其应用研究

协作感知是计算机支持的协同工作中自然交互的基础.但迄今在协作感知方面尚未取得清晰的图景,其主要原因是缺乏一个合适的协作感知参考模型.为此,根据现有协作感知的相关概念和技术,通过分析和研究,本文提出了一种新的三维协作感知模型.该模型采用自下而上的构建原理,能方便地划分现存的协作感知术语,指导协作系统设计人员在具体的协作工具中嵌入协作感知信息(解决了协作系统设计人员不知如何将感知信息嵌入协作系统的问题),并已在虚拟设计中心得到应用.     

谈群件系统Notes及其技术

群件是目前应用软件设计的一种新思想，群件技术的发展和应用受到业界的广泛重视。本文简要概述了群件的思想和概念，并全面介绍和深入讨论了支持群件开发的ＬｏｔｕｓＮｏｔｅｓ系统的技术和特点。     

The FUSE Platform: Supporting Ubiquitous Collaboration Within Diverse Mobile Environments

The recent proliferation of heterogeneous computing devices and wireless network technology presents new opportunities for Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW). One emergent paradigm is that of ubiquitous collaboration, which provides widespread access to shared services through a variety of interactive devices, irrespective of whether individuals are mobile or deskbound. However, developing groupware that is interoperable across diverse, often mobile, environments can be difficult and costly. The fundamental issue is that current support infrastructures, which will meet the requirements for multi-user application development, are not operable within emerging ubiquitous settings. This paper explores this problem and presents a generic platform that promotes new forms of collaboration through mobility and ever-present computing services. The developed platform seeks to provide a wide range of collaborative services to a very diverse set of devices by adapting and extending existing middleware technologies.     

PDAs and shared public displays: Making personal information public, and public information personal

We are investigating how people move from individual to group work through the use of both personal digital assistants (PDAs) and a shared public display. Our scenario of this work covers the following activities. First, mobile individuals can create personal notes on their PDAs. Second, when individuals meet in real time, they can selectively publicise notes by moving them to a shared public display. Third, the group can manipulate personal and public items in real time through both PDAs and the shared public display, where the notes contained on both PDAs and public display are automatically synchronised. Finally, people leave a meeting with a common record of their activity. We describe our SharedNotes system that illustrates how people move through this scenario. We also highlight a variety of problematic design issues that result from having different devices and from having the system enforce a rigid distinction between personal and public information.     

基于组件方式的群件研究

利用组件的方式来构造群件能够克服有群件开发中存在的种种问题，并且会给用户带来一个强大而又灵活的系统。文章分析了群件所需的各种服务，给出了基于组件方式的群件模型，从而为进一步设计开发打下基础。