Asynchronous rotation scan for synthetic aperture interferometric radiometer

Synthetic aperture interferometric technique has wide applications in optics, radio astronomy and microwave remote sensing areas. With the increasing demands of high resolution imaging observation, a new time-sharing sampling scheme of asynchronous rotation scan is proposed to meet the technical challenge of achieving a large equivalent aperture and overcome the operating barriers of space borne application. This configuration is basically composed by two asynchronously and concentrically rotating antenna groups, whose revolving radii and speeds are different. The synthetic aperture system with asynchronous rotation scanning scheme can effectively solve the trade-off problem of system complexity, and greatly simplify the system hardware at the cost of sacrificing a certain time resolution. The basic rules and design methods of asynchronous rotation scan are investigated The Gridding method is introduced to inverse the spiral sampling data for image reconstruction. The potential applications of geostationary orbit (GEO) earth observation and solar polar orbit (SPO) plasma cloud observation are explored with numerical simulations to validate the significance and feasibility of this new imaging configuration. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40574070, 40671121, 40701100 and 40801136) and the National High-Tech Research Program of China (“863” Program) (Grant No. 2006AA12Z141)     

Features of a Scan and Clock Resource chip for providing access to board-level test functions

The architecture and some of the specific features of a Scan and Clock Resource (SCR) chip are described. This chip is currently being used in a high-end workstation product to provide access to the testability features of the individual chips and/or printed circuit boards. Using a board-level controller to gain access to the testability features of system components and interfacing the controller to a diagnostics processor (or external tester) is emerging as a common strategy for designing testable digital systems. Based upon experience gained from such an application, controller features that are deemed useful are discussed.This paper is an enhanced version of the author's earlier paper titled Towards a Standard Approach for Controlling Board-Level Test Functions, presented at the IEEE International Test Conference, ITC'90, Washington D.C., September 1990.     

Boundary scan test,test methodology,and fault modeling

The test technique called boundary scan test (BST) offers new opportunities in testing but confronts users with new problems too. The implementation of BST in a chip has become an IEEE standard and users on board level are the next group to begin thinking about using the new possibilities. This article addresses some of the questions about changes in board-level testing and fault diagnosis. The fault model itself is also affected by using BST. Trivial items are extended with more sophisticated details in order to complete the fault model. Finally, BST appears to be a test technique that offers a high degree of detectability on board level, but for diagnosis, some additional effort has to be made.     

基于IMU与激光雷达紧耦合的混合匹配算法

针对线、面特征匹配的激光雷达测距与地图构建算法(Lightweight and Ground-Optimized Lidar Odometry And Mapping,LeGO-LOAM)在自动导引运输车(Automated Guided Vehicle,AGV)室内室外实时建图与定位时,易出现激光里程计累积误差大和旋转估计不准确等问题,本工作采用惯性测量单元(Inertial Measurement Unit,IMU)与激光雷达紧耦合的LeGO-LOAM算法,通过IMU为激光雷达提供的初始位姿信息,构建IMU与激光雷达联合误差函数,实现位姿共同迭代优化.其中,对于室外结构化信息较少时,在点对点的迭代最近点算法(Iterative Closest Point,ICP)较高定位精度的基础上,结合LeGO-LOAM算法和ICP算法互补性,进一步提出基于IMU与激光雷达紧耦合的混合匹配算法:当环境中结构信息较多时,激光里程计采用LeGO-LOAM算法,而当环境中结构化信息较少时采用ICP算法.实验结果表明,基于IMU与激光雷达紧耦合的混合匹配算法可有效降低激光里程计相对位姿误差和累积误差,提高AGV小车定位精度以消除部分地图重影.     

面向可重构扫描网络的锁定隔离安全结构

为使可重构扫描网络免受未经授权的访问、恶意仪器对传输数据的窜改和嗅探3种安全攻击的影响,提出了锁定隔离安全结构.该结构首先把彼此不具有安全威胁的仪器分成一组,通过控制隔离信号实现组与组之间的单独访问,以防止恶意仪器对传输数据的窜改和嗅探.然后通过使用锁段插入位保护关键的仪器,只有扫描网络中处于特定位置的多个键值被设置成特定值(0,1序列)时锁段插入位才能打开,能加大未经授权访问的难度.此外,为解决仪器分组多导致硬件开销大和布线困难的问题,提出了仪器分组算法,根据仪器间的安全关系构建无向图,然后对无向图求极大独立集,能有效地减少仪器分组数.在ITC 02基准电路上的实验结果表明,与国际上同类方法相比,所提的安全结构打开锁段插入位所需要的时间增大了7倍,在面积、功耗和布线上的平均减少百分比分别为3.81%,9.02%和4.55%.     

单轴压缩下透水混凝土的结构损伤演化特征研究

为了研究透水混凝土在单轴压缩过程中的内部孔、裂隙变化规律,对轴向应变为0.4%、1.1%和1.8%的试样开展CT扫描,基于二值化分割方法得到了孔、裂隙的图像,分析了孔、裂隙量化指标与轴向应变的关系。结果表明,透水混凝土的孔、裂隙随破坏程度增加有明显的扩展趋势,孔径频率分布曲线的孔径值不断增大;随着轴向应变的增加,孔隙率呈指数型函数上升趋势,最大孔喉长度L和平均孔喉半径R呈线性增长,连通度指标也不断增加,且增速先慢后快;由微观结构分析,透水混凝土骨料颗粒与凝胶结构发生的位移和形变是孔、裂隙网络形成和扩展的微观机理。     

基于特征矢量化的肺结节特征选择算法*

针对肺结节良恶性分类模型中特征选择过程无法避免特征多样性不受破坏的问题,提出一种将肺结节特征矢量化处理的特征选择方法。首先,假设每个肺结节特征都是由数据、类型构成的一个矢量。然后,按照特征类型添加特征到相应的特征子集,并分别利用Relief算法评价特征、特征子集的分类重要性。最后,通过动态阈值的方式筛选得到优化后的特征子集。在150个肺结节样本的分类实验中,采用本文算法所取得的敏感性为94.7%、特异性为93.7%、虚警率为5.2%、受试者工作特性曲线下面积为97.3%。分析表明,本文算法几乎不破坏肺结节特征的多样性,能够显著提高肺结节良恶性分类的准确性。     

车载移动测量激光点云与线阵影像融合

提出一种线阵影像数据与激光点云数据融合方法:利用组合导航数据解算点云绝对坐标的同时,也获取线阵相机的外方位元素,进而能够从线阵影像中计算查找到与点云对应的RGB值,实现点云数据与影像数据的融合。经试验证明,该技术方法在数据处理过程中无需进行同名点匹配,实现了数据融合的自动化处理,融合精度高,能够满足各种复杂情况下的移动测量要求。     

面状缺陷超声B扫描检测图像增强研究

针对面状焊接缺陷超声B扫描检测图像受噪声污染造成的质量下降问题,利用多尺度小波分析方法,对超声B扫描图像进行了增强处理.分析了缺陷信号和噪声的小波变换特性,分别在软、硬阈值函数条件下,采用固定阈值、Stein无偏似然估计阈值、混合型阈值、极大极小准则阈值等方法进行了信号增强处理,比较了不同阈值方法小波变换的处理效果.结果表明:小波变换方法能有效地提高超声B扫描图像质量,硬阈值条件下固定阈值小波变换方法的图像增强处理效果较好.     

罐壁超声成像测厚系统的设计

介绍超声扫描成像技术在罐壁测厚中的应用。测厚系统采用多通道探头、PCI总线超声波界面卡和网络数据传输技术。这些技术的应用,提高了系统检测效率、检测速度、稳定性和可靠性。实际应用表明,该系统能进行100%壁厚测量,同时能满足检测精度和生产速度的要求。