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71.
An open‐cycle ocean thermal energy conversion (OC‐OTEC) system is one of the energy conversion methods used to generate electricity from ocean thermal energy. For the OC‐OTEC system, steam evaporated from the surface seawater due to flash evaporation drives the turbine. At that time, dissolved gas such as air is introduced into the low‐pressure system (OC‐OTEC system) as the noncondensable gas, which degrades the performance of condensation heat transfer. In this paper, a small‐scale OC‐OTEC experimental unit experimentally investigates the effect of noncondensable gas on the heat transfer performance in a condenser. The experimental results are discussed in comparison with theoretical estimation by the Sparrow–in method. It is shown that the condensation is occupied by heat and mass transfer near a condensation surface and that the condensation efficiency is affected by exhaust quantity of noncondensable gas at a relatively high concentration ratio of condensable gas. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 154(1): 29–35, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20179 相似文献
72.
Optimizing of laminar viscous flow through a pipe by two dimensionless values is investigated analytically. Dimensionless entropy generation and pumping power to heat transfer rate ratio are used as basis for constant viscous and the temperature dependence on the viscosity. For this matter we calculate entropy generation and pumping power for a fully developed in a pipe subjected to constant wall temperature for either constant viscosity and the variable viscosity. The variation entropy generation increase along the pipe length for viscous fluid is drawn, either the variation summation dimensionless entropy generation and the pumping power to heat transfer rate ratio are varying the fluid inlet temperature for fixed pipe length and are varying pipe length for fixed fluid inlet temperature are drawn. For low heat transfer conditions the entropy generation due to viscosity friction becomes dominant and the dependence of viscosity with the temperature becomes essentially important to be considered. 相似文献
73.
Johan M. Thevelein 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》1994,10(13):1753-1790
74.
一种蒸发式冷凝器的新型设计方法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
蒸发式冷凝器设计方法的粗糙和繁琐限制其广泛应用,特别是限制其应用于民用和小型商用建筑中。针对上述问题,作者通过实验研究了蒸发式冷凝器的影响因素(进风湿球温度、最小截面风速和喷淋水量)对蒸发式冷凝器热质交换的影响。同时提出了一种新型设计方法,此方法简单,精度较高。适合工程设计、选型和生产应用。 相似文献
75.
76.
交联型聚醚聚氨酯的表征、力学性能及其碱金属盐络合物的导电性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)作交联剂与聚乙二醇(PEO-1540)和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)反应,得到了具有较好力学性能的交联型聚醚聚氨酯(PEU),该聚合物与LiClO4的结合物具有较高的室温电导率(σ30℃=1.87×10 ̄(-4)S/cm)。采用全反射红外光谱(ATR-IR)对聚合物的结构进行了表征。对聚合物的组成、不同TDI类型及络合盐浓度对聚合物力学性能及其络合物电导率的影响进行了探讨。低度交联聚合物的络合物,其电导率与温度的关系符合建立在自由体积理论上的VTF方程,表明络合物中离子的传导主要是在无定形区域进行,与自由体积有关。 相似文献
77.
Because of its high–temperature chemical stability, SiC ceramic is a promising material for high-temperature device applications such as thermoelectric energy converters. However, the electrical conductivity of SiC ceramic is too low for it to be used as a thermoelectric energy converter at the cold junction. Therefore, we propose a SiC-Si functionally gradient material (FGM) in order to improve the electrical conductivity of the SiC ceramic at the cold junction. An SiC rod was fired in a temperature gradient furnace. One end of the SiC rod was maintained at 2473 K and the other end was maintained at 1973 K for 30 min. After firing, the porous SiC edge fired at 1973 K was dipped into molten Si in order to infiltrate molten Si into the porous SiC. The microstructure of the FGM is classified into three regions: the SiC-Si composite material; the porous SiC ceramic; and the densified SiC ceramic. The electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient and the thermal conductivity for each region of SiC-Si FGM was measured at 300 K; a figure of merit was calculated. The figure of merit of the SiC-Si FGM at the cold junction, at room temperature, was 108 times higher than that of a nongradient SiC ceramic. 相似文献
78.
This article presents a two-dimensional transient model for gas-solids flow and heat transfer through pipes using the coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics and Discrete Element Method approach. Numerical simulations have been conducted to examine the modification of fluid thermal structure due to the presence of particles in a pneumatic transport pipeline. Modeled results have demonstrated the key role of transversal motion of rebounding particles in the pipe cross section in altering fluid temperature. Further implementation of this modeling technique in air-drying processes is discussed and possible experimental methods for the measurement of in situ particle and fluid motion and temperature profile are cited. 相似文献
79.
F. Bay V. Labbe Y. Favennec J. L. Chenot 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2003,58(6):839-867
This paper presents a mathematical and numerical model developed for coupling the various physical phenomena (electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical) taking place in axisymmetrical induction heating processes. All three electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical models are time dependent and take full account of the electromagnetic and thermal non‐linear effect especially with magnetic materials. The electromagnetic problem is discretized and solved in the workpiece, air and inductors. The heat transfer equation and the mechanical equilibrium equations are solved in the workpiece only, both using a finite element method. The mechanical model can take into account thermoelastic–plastic behaviour for the part. The model has been successfully applied to several cases of induction heating. Comparisons between numerical and experimental results show an excellent agreement. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
80.