Microstructure of high modulus solid state extruded polyethylene: 2. X-ray scattering studies of 12, 24 and 36 extrusion draw ratio

The microstructure of a series of solid state extruded polyethylene fibres was examined by wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering. By measuring absolute intensities using a two dimensional position sensitive detector, accurate values of the small-angle invariant for anisotropic samples were obtained. This measurement coupled with wide-angle X-ray scattering and d.s.c. permitted determination of the density of the noncrystalline component. The use of a two phase model for solid state extruded polyethylene is justified if consideration is given to the effective densities of the crystalline and noncrystalline phases, which change with deformation. The effective density of the crystalline phase decreases by 1% (0.999–0.990 g cm^?3) from the unextruded billet compared to a 36 draw ratio extrudate, while the noncrystalline phase density increases by 6% (0.84–0.89 g cm^?3). These changes lead to an overall decrease in the mean squared electron density fluctuation of 63%. The average axial crystallite length measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering increases with extrusion draw ratio while the SAXS long period decreases and weakens considerably. These observations and the electron microscopy results from the previous paper, (Polymer, 1982, 23, 1069), are fully consistent with the key features of the Peterlin model of fibre microstructure.     

Reactive Hot Melts on the Basis of Polyester and Polyamide

Hot melts show many advantages over other adhesives, for instance, their lack of solvent and their very short setting time just by cooling. The weak point of hot melts in comparison to thermosetting resins is their limited thermal resistance. There is no doubt that the high performance hot melts on the basis of polyester and polyamide show a better heat performance than the widely-used rubbery hot melts. Nevertheless, it is true that the thermal resistance is limited by the melting point of the hot melt. To improve the heat performance, without losing the favourable hot melt properties, crosslinkable hot melts have been created. For the example, copolyamide/blocked isocyanate blends, it can be shown that crosslinkable hot melts are achievable in a wide range of reactivities. After curing, which takes place during the bonding process, these hot melts withstand temperatures of over 220°C even if the melting point of the initial hot melt was 100°C.     

非接触式里程表传感器检测工装的设计

里程表传感器是将车速表和里程计连接在一根驱动轴上,既能指示汽车的行驶速度又能记录汽车的行驶距离。非接触式里程表传感器检测工装,通过触摸屏输入不同的转速信息传送到PLC,伺服控制器接收PLC输出的脉冲信号后进行运算处理,来驱动伺服电机工作,此时测速元件就会测量出伺服电机的转速,将转速信息通过反馈元件传递给伺服控制器,这样构成了一个可以使转速稳定的闭环系统,完成里程表传感器质量的检测。     

A pair of parallel differential magnetic‐field probes with high measurement accuracy and high electric‐field suppression ratio

Magnetic‐field probes can be used for electromagnetic interference measurement of high‐speed circuits. The main magnetic probe performance includes sensitivity, spatial resolution, electric‐field suppression ratio (EFSR), and measurement accuracy. In this article, a pair of differential magnetic‐field probes is proposed to improve measurement accuracy without reducing sensitivity. The proposed differential probes consist of two asymmetric loop probes, which are designed in the same plane and separated by a row of periodic vias. The proposed differential probes are fabricated under PCB process. High accuracy can be achieved by measuring difference between outputs of the two probes. In addition, EFSR can be improved by size optimization of the differential magnetic‐field probes. Simulation and measurement results show the operating bandwidth is from 100 MHz to 12 GHz, the measurement error is 3.4% and the EFSR is about 40 dB. The proposed probes have higher measurement accuracy and higher EFSR than the conventional single probe, and larger operation bandwidth than the stacked differential probes.     

基于互信息F统计量特征选择技术的地基气象云图分类

在地基气象云图的云状(云类)识别研究中,基于局部二值模式(Local Binary Pattern,LBP)描述子的特征选择技术由于它的简单性和有效性成为最通用的方法.然而,LBP特征的高维特性使得云状识别的性能和计算开销不能令人满意.为此,本文提出一种基于互信息构造的F检验统计量的LBP特征选择算法,可以实现高维LBP特征的有效降维,同时保证云状识别的准确性,极大减少了特征选择过程的计算开销.     

快速卷积算法的综述研究

卷积神经网络是深度学习算法应用最广泛的方向之一,目前卷积神经网络的应用不仅仅是停留在科技领域,已经扩展到医学、军事等领域,并且已在相关领域发挥着巨大的作用。卷积是卷积神经网络中最为核心的一部分,卷积运算占整个网络70%以上的时间,所以针对卷积运算的加速研究就显得十分重要。首先介绍近年来的卷积算法,并对其复杂度进行分析,总结了这些算法各自的优点和不足,最后对其理论研究和应用领域可能存在的突破进行了探讨和展望。     

Intergranular oxidation of silicon in 20Cr-25Ni niobium-stabilized stainless steel at 1140–1230 K

The kinetics of intergranular oxidation of silicon in a 20Cr-25Ni Nb-stabilized stainless steel are reported, at temperatures in the range 1140–1230 K, in CO₂ at 40 bar pressure. The depth of attack increased parabolically with respect to time, with an activation energy of 335±30 kJ/mol. The mechanism of growth is discussed in terms of classical internal-oxidation theories, and an alternative explanation based on an available-space theory is developed. The internal oxidation rates in a number of different alloys are compared with diffusivities of metals in the base alloy. It is proposed that intergranular oxidation in the 20–25 Nb steel is controlled by the rate of outward diffusion of iron or chromium in the alloy.     

电控柴油机分缸均衡控制算法及试验

柴油机各个气缸的进气量、喷油量、燃烧等存在差异,导致气缸间存在做功差异,直接影响柴油机转速的平稳性以及排放性能等。针对位置式电控柴油机,采用PI闭环控制,通过瞬时转速信号识别并计算各缸的工作差异,利用分缸均衡控制算法对油量进行补偿修正。试验结果显示低转速稳态工况转速波动由7 r/min降至3 r/min,各缸工作不均匀度由±5 r/min降至±2 r/min,在瞬态过程和高转速3 400 r/min时该算法仍然适用有效。     

2-（4-氯苯氨基）甲基苯酚降解的动力学研究

采用高效液相色谱技术,开展了Fenton试剂对2-（4-氯苯氨基）甲基苯酚（CMP）的氧化降解动力学的研究。考察了初始双氧水摩尔浓度、亚铁离子摩尔浓度和温度等因素对CMP降解速率的影响,结果表明,当双氧水摩尔浓度、亚铁离子摩尔浓度增大和温度升高时,CMP的氧化速率明显加快。在30~45℃的温度范围内,其氧化降解符合假一级反应动力学模型,反应的表观活化能Ea为102.90kJ/mol。     

Oxidation Performance of Fe-Al/WC Composite Coatings Produced by High Velocity Arc Sprayed at 650 ℃

Fe-Al intermetallics with remarkable high-temperatureintensity and excellent erosion,high-temperatureoxidation and sulfuration resistance are potential lowcost high-temperature structural material.ProducingFe-Al/WC composite coating by high velocity arcspraying(HVAS)on structural materials would notonly obviate the problems faced in fabrication of thesealloys into useful shapes,but also allow the effectiveuse of their outstanding high-temperature performance,which might thus promisingly mak…