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排序方式: 共有8445条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
介绍了计算机光学零件图自动绘制软件系统的功能,给出了用该软件完成的光学零件图图样,对程序设计过程中的难点及处理方法也进行了详细阐述。 相似文献
32.
33.
讲述了参观Semicon/west94′展览会及考察美国和西德的5个公司、1所大学所了解到的投影光刻技术、电子束曝光技术、透镜面形测试技术的发展。 相似文献
34.
介绍了应用层次分析方法优化设计线阵CCD驱动器模块的设计方案。设计出16档可变积分时间,五档可变驱动频率,具有行同步和采样同步脉冲输出的通用型驱动器模块。它容易与各种计算机接口,广泛地应用于各种光谱仪器、精密尺寸检测仪器中。 相似文献
35.
In this paper the modelling, analysis and optimization of millimeter wave oscillatorsare investigated by using the a frequency-domain harmonic balance technique (FDHB), where theexternal-circuit impedances looking outside from the active device are calculated with a combinedtechnique of modes expansion, Galerkin, and collocation methods. The optimization results arein agreement with the experimental ones, which show the reliability of the presented model andoptimization. 相似文献
36.
Keizo Uematsu Masayori Miyashita Jin-Young Kim Zenji Kato Nozomu Uchida 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1991,74(9):2170-2174
Green bodies prepared by compaction of alumina granules were made transparent by an immersion liquid technique, and the internal structure was characterized with an optical microscope to study the effect of forming pressure on the internal structure. Clear images obtained by the technique provide more detailed information than other existing methods for structures ranging from one to tens of micrometers. Intergranular pores were present between unfractured granules. Their sizes and concentration tended to decrease with increasing forming pressure. However, pores were clearly present even in the green body prepared at 600 MPa. A rod- and needlelike feature was also found and was concluded to correspond to a high-density region. The significance of large pores and high-density regions on processing as well as the details of the technique is discussed. 相似文献
37.
Vittorio Ghergia 《Sadhana》1992,17(3-4):411-430
Starting from the present state-of-the-art of discrete devices up to the realization of monolithic semiconductor integrated
prototypes, an overview of optoelectronic devices for telecommunications is given. Among discrete devices single frequency
lasers, tunable and multi-sectionDFB lasers andPIN andAPD photodiode detectors are analysed, including the use of new technologies in progress for a second generation of devices.
On the future perspective ofIBCN distribution networks, some economics of the hybrid and monolithic form of integration are attempted. Finally a short outline
of the most recent achievements in monolithic integration is presented, taking into particular consideration the activities
in this field byEEC ESPRIT andRACE programmes. 相似文献
38.
The paper addresses planners and decision-makers in the field of international development cooperation and also institutions concerned with the impacts of project- and technology promotion. The primary aim of the dissemination of Solar Home Systems (SHS) in off grid areas in developing countries is to improve the living conditions of the population in a cost–effective manner. A large-scale dissemination is essential both for significant contributions to development and for climate effectiveness. However, the contribution of SHS to climate protection is disputed. This analysis presents the most important parameters affecting the contribution of SHS to climate protection and quantifies the influence of those parameters. The case considered presupposes the commercial dissemination of SHS. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are affected by the marketing decisions of the supplier of SHS. With regard to the impact on GHG emissions, a comparison is made between traditional lighting with petroleum lamps and the use of dry cell batteries to operate small devices (baseline case) on the one hand and SHSs on the other. The comparison shows GHG savings of around 9 tonnes of CO2 equivalent GHG emissions within a 20-year period of use of one single 50 Wp SHS compared with the baseline case. The result is robust with respect to variations in GHG-affecting variables. Petroleum consumption and dry cell batteries dominate GHG emissions balances to such an extent that scarcely any importance can be attached to GHG emissions from the transportation and manufacture of SHS. Therefore, it is permissible to use simplified GHG inventories which ignore the GHG emissions arising from the transportation and manufacture of SHS. Therefore the conclusion is, if SHS are commercially disseminated and used cost efficiently to substitute kerosene and dry cell batteries they reduce GHG emissions effectively. In that case SHS can make a significant contribution to climate protection by the dissemination of large numbers. 相似文献
39.
P. Ravirajan S.A. Haque J.R. Durrant D.D.C. Bradley J. Nelson 《Advanced functional materials》2005,15(4):609-618
We report a study of the effects of polymer optoelectronic properties on the performance of photovoltaic devices consisting of nanocrystalline TiO2 and a conjugated polymer. Three different poly(2‐methoxy‐5‐(2′‐ethylhexoxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene) (MEH‐PPV)‐based polymers and a fluorene–bithiophene copolymer are compared. We use photoluminescence quenching, time‐of‐flight mobility measurements, and optical spectroscopy to characterize the exciton‐transport, charge‐transport, and light‐harvesting properties, respectively, of the polymers, and correlate these material properties with photovoltaic‐device performance. We find that photocurrent is primarily limited by the photogeneration rate and by the quality of the interfaces, rather than by hole transport in the polymer. We have also studied the photovoltaic performance of these TiO2/polymer devices as a function of the fabrication route and device design. Including a dip‐coating step before spin‐coating the polymer leads to excellent polymer penetration into highly structured TiO2 networks, as was confirmed through transient optical measurements of the photoinduced charge‐transfer yield and recombination kinetics. Device performance is further improved for all material combinations studied, by introducing a layer of poly(ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSS) under the top contact. Optimized devices incorporating the additional dip‐coated and PEDOT:PSS layers produced a short‐circuit current density of about 1 mA cm–2, a fill factor of 0.50, and an open‐circuit voltage of 0.86 V under simulated AM 1.5 illumination (100 mW cm–2, 1 sun). The corresponding power conversion efficiency under 1 sun was ≥ 0.4 %. 相似文献
40.
Magnetic and electric fields have been used to determine the splay (k11) and bend (k33) elastic constants in a series of polymer/monomer liquid crystal solutions using the well known Freedericksz transition technique. Measurements have been carried out as a function of concentration and temperature. The polymer used was a smectogenic polysiloxane side chain liquid crystal with both cyanobiphenyl and benzoate ester side groups. The monomeric solvent was the nematogen 4-n-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl. All of the solutions studied were nematogenic up to a concentration of 40% w/w. It has been shown that k11, k33 and all decrease with increasing polymer concentration and that at high enough concentrations tends to become independent of temperature. The implications of these results are discussed in terms of the performance of the most common liquid crystal display, i.e. the twisted nematic device. 相似文献