基于AutoForm的轮毂外包板拉延筋设置及板料优化

轮毂外包板为一弧状拉延件,工件拉延的局部起皱、破裂和拉深不足均源自流动不均匀。利用AutoForm软件模拟拉延过程,比较分段、整段与整圈3种结构拉延筋,发现整圈拉延筋效果最好,最大增厚率从3．32%降到1．18%,起皱消除。按流动均匀原则优化板坯形状,将板坯直角边改为圆弧,形成扇形板坯。研究结果表明,整圈拉延筋+扇形板坯设计,拉延最大增厚率与减薄率分别为0．56%与19．3%,缺陷消除,并得到合格产品。     

The rise of a buoyant sphere in a gas-fluidized bed

The rise velocity, V, of a single sphere, released in the bottom of a bed of sand fluidized by air, was measured: the sphere had a diameter of 9.0 or 13.2 mm; its density ranged from 900 to . These experiments with a single sphere used: (i) a bubbling bed, diameter 141 mm, with 1.05<U/U_mf<2.00, (ii) a slugging bed, diameter 24 mm, with 1.70<U/U_mf<3.20. Here U is the fluidizing velocity; U=U_mf at incipient fluidization. It was found that, for each sphere in a given bed, V=V_mf+C(U-U_mf): the constant C was up to 10 times larger for bubbling beds than slugging beds.The rise velocity at incipient fluidization, V_mf, is governed, for both types of bed, by the apparent viscosity of the incipiently fluidized bed. Therefore, Stokes's law was used to predict V_mf, but using an important modification: since each buoyant sphere appears to carry on its top a defluidized ‘hood’ of particles, Stokes's law was applied to the composite ‘particle’ consisting of the sphere plus its hood. Analysis of the measured V_mf then gave the volume of the hood, in agreement with direct measurements of it above a fixed cylinder in a two-dimensional bed. In addition, the analysis gave the apparent viscosity of the incipiently fluidized bed to be 0.66 Pa s, in excellent agreement with the estimate of Grace (Can. J. Chem. Eng. 48 (1970) 30) for similar sand.     

叶顶间隙对于汽轮机排汽缸气动性能的影响

介绍了汽轮机末级动叶叶顶间隙对于汽轮机排汽缸性能的影响,通过耦合末级叶片的排汽缸气动数模拟来考察这一影响,发现排汽缸内的流场情况会随着间隙漏汽量的不同而产生变化,表征气动性能的压力恢复系数也随之变化.研究表明,叶顶间隙射流对于排汽缸内流场的影响是不可忽略的,在以后的排汽缸气动设计及优化工作中需要考虑叶顶漏汽射流.     

箱式电站的优化结构设计

详细介绍了箱式电站的结构及其优点,简要介绍了柴油机、发电机、控制系统的选型。     

纸机干燥部热力控制系统发展综述

本文着眼于纸机干燥部热力控制系统,分别介绍了单缸纸机与多缸纸机干燥部的蒸汽冷凝水系统和气罩通风系统的不同工艺流程、控制方案及控制算法,并通过对比分析阐述了各种方案的优缺点。最后讨论了目前纸机干燥部热力控制系统亟待解决的问题,并提出干燥部协同控制的新思想。     

薄壁深锥形件的冲压成型工艺

薄壁深锥形件的拉深属于复杂零件的拉深,为了解决该类型零件在引深过程中易出现的变薄、拉裂和疲劳现象,以及材料难以流动等问题,通过对锥面依次成型工艺的研究,采用了锥面一次成型法,制定完整的工艺方案及模具结构,经实践证明是行之有效的。对类似零件成型时出现的失稳、起皱和开裂现象具有一定的借鉴意义。     

大同第二发电厂3号炉空气预热器改造

大同第二发电厂的6台200MW机组，锅炉原配风罩回转式空气预热器，投运以来漏风大，影响安全、经济运行，决定采用转子回转式空气预热器进行替换改造。文中介绍了新的空气预热器结构、参数、电厂在改造中的安装、组织管理、质量控制，投运后阻力降低，实测平均漏风系数6．9％，达到同类空气预热器水平，取得较好技术、经济效果。     

Influences of inflow condition on non-axisymmetric flows in turbine exhaust hoods

The complex 3D flow in a steam turbine exhaust hood model with different inlet swirl and inlet total pressure radial distributions has been simulated by employing CFX-5 and analyzed in this paper. It＇s found that the inlet tangential flow angle at hub has a negative effect on the exhaust hood performance, while a negative gradient of inlet total pressure radial distribution has a positive impact on the hood performances. It＇s also numerically con- firmed that a proper distribution of total pressure at hood inlet can successfully eliminate the negative effects caused by the inappropriate inlet swirl distribution and improve the hood aerodynamic performance.     

300MW汽轮机排汽通道气动性能的研究

引进型300MW汽轮机排汽通道内的流场极不均匀，通过风洞试验，适当地增加了一些导流板，使流场不均匀性得到了明显改善。既提高了机组的热效率，又延长了铜管的使用寿命，所提出排汽缸及凝汽器喉部联合吹风的方法是全面优化汽轮机排汽通道气动性能的有力手段。     

汽轮机排气缸流场的数值模拟研究

针对某汽轮机排汽缸进行了几何建模并进行数值模拟,给出了内部复杂的流场结构,分析了排汽缸内的损失分布。通过对排汽缸流场的细致分析,考察了流动损失产生的原因,为汽轮机排汽缸外形设计提供参考。