Visual differentiation and recognition memory of look-alike drug names: effects of disfluent format,text enhancement and exposure time

Abstract

Three computer-based experiments were conducted to examine whether disfluent format, enhanced text, and increased exposure time improve the accuracy of visual differentiation and recognition memory of look-alike drug names. A three-way, repeated-measures look-alike drug name differentiation test assessed the visual differentiation accuracy of 30 nursing students (Experiment 1) and 15 nurses (Experiment 2). A two-way, repeated-measures recognition memory test examined the recognition memory accuracy of 15 nurses for look-alike drug names (Experiment 3). We found that making drug names disfluent did not significantly improve differentiation (Experiment 2) or memory accuracy (Experiment 3), but even impaired differentiation accuracy (Experiment 1). Enhanced text and longer exposure time significantly improved differentiation accuracy (Experiments 1 and 2). However, the enhanced text did not improve recognition memory (Experiment 3). We suggest that making look-alike drug names disfluent is not favourable. Enhanced text and longer exposure times are effective in supporting visual differentiation of look-alike drug names.

Practitioner Summary: Confusion arising from look-alike drug names may compromise patient safety. Three experiments examined the effects of disfluent format, text enhancement and increased exposure time on visual and memory performances. Making drug names more difficult to read did not improve performance. Enhancing text design and increasing exposure (i.e. reading) time improved visual differentiation between medications, but did not improve the recognition of medications from memory.

Abbreviations: SEEV: Salience-effort-expectancy-value; FDA: Food and Drug Administration; ANOVA: analysis of variance; SD: standard deviation, DF: disfluent format; TE: text enhancement; ET: exposure time.     

The impacts of banner format and animation speed on banner effectiveness: Evidence from eye movements

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Computation of extreme eigenvalues in higher dimensions using block tensor train format

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A Comparison of Three Types of Manual Controls on a Third-Order Tracking Task

Abstract

Three types of control levers— the spring-centrod-displaccment control, the on-off control and the pressure control— were compared on a third-order compensatory tracking task. Based on an analysis of the control transfer functions, the predicted ranking of the three controls is: (1) pressure, (2) displacement and (3) on-off. The results of a study in which five subjects tracked six trials with each control for 18 sessions were as follows. The data at the beginning of training indicated rankings of (1) pressure, (2) on-off and (3) displacement. However, the data taken during the latter sessions ranked the controls as predicted, although the difference between displacement and on-off was not statistically significant. Differences in results between, early and late training, and comparisons of these results with other studies, are discussed.     

RTCM SC-104数据格式及其应用──GNSS卫星导航定位方法之四

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财富中心一期、二期工程电气设计特点分析

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时空数据模型的研究进展

通过时空数据模型的研究历史以及对各种时空数据模型的特点和不足的分析,来说明当前时空数据模型的研究现状和进展情况,提出了在地理信息系统中建立时空数据模型管理时空数据时,必须建立实用的基于栅格数据的时空数据模型。     

后成型包边机中的PLC与变频器通讯过程控制

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