The impact of relative radiometric calibration on the accuracy of kNN-predictions of forest attributes

The k-nearest-neighbour (kNN) algorithm is widely applied for the estimation of forest attributes using remote sensing data. It requires a large amount of reference data to achieve satisfactory results. Usually, the number of available reference plots for the kNN-prediction is limited by the size of the area covered by a terrestrial reference inventory and remotely sensed imagery collected from one overflight. The applicability of kNN could be enhanced if adjacent images of different acquisition dates could be used in the same estimation procedure. Relative radiometric calibration is a prerequisite for this. This study focuses on two empirical calibration methods. They are tested on adjacent LANDSAT TM scenes in Austria. The first, quite conventional one is based on radiometric control points in the overlap area of two images and on the determination of transformation parameters by linear regression. The other, recently developed method exploits the kNN-cross-validation procedure. Performance and applicability of both methods as well as the impact of phenology are discussed.     

Advances in titanium metal injection molding

The approaches to production of titanium powder injection molded parts are reviewed. Historically, oxygen levels have been too high for structural use (particularly with the Ti-6Al-4V alloy). However, recent advances in starting powders, binders and sintering facilities now allow oxygen levels in the Ti-6Al-4V alloy to be controlled to about 0.2 wt.% oxygen. This should result in significant expansion of the titanium PIM market place into aerospace, automobiles, surgical instruments, dentistry, communication devices (such as computers and cell phones), knives and guns. __________ Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Vol. 46, No. 5–6 (455), pp. 118–125, 2007.     

Finite element modelling of skeletal muscles coupled with fatigue

In this study, Hill's muscle theory coupled with fatigue was proposed to describe mechanical behaviours of skeletal muscles. The force developed by a fatigued muscle was described by a muscle fatigue formula which was a time function of the activation α_a and the stretch λ. The modified Hill's muscle theory was hence incorporated into a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model using the PAK finite element code. In this paper, the theoretical derivation of the 3D muscle model was firstly described. After presenting the method of establishing the finite element programme, a case example of studying the mechanical response of a frog gastrocnemius muscle was used to illustrate the applicability of the proposed methodology. The effects of the muscle fatigue on the deformation as well as the stress and strain distribution of the frog muscle subject to a cyclic activation function have been determined. An experiment capturing the real-time shape change of a frog muscle was also conducted to assess the applicability of the proposed method. A comparison between the deformed shapes of the predictive model and the frog muscles was also made. It was shown that the method is capable of providing a reasonable model for describing the mechanical behaviour of skeletal muscles.     

变频调速节能改造方案的经济性评价和比较

本文详细介绍了变频调速节能改造方案的经济性评价方法。静态分析法包括投资回收期法、抵偿年限法和年计算费用法；动态分析法则包括净现值法、内部回收率法、总费用现值法和最小年费用法。     

VSAP软件在碟式太阳能热发电系统设计中的应用

进行碟式太阳能热发电系统结构设计的关键是保证其可靠性和稳定性，为此，本文用VSAP有限元软件完成了系统结构的设计计算与分析，并在此基础上解决了聚光器配重、改善系统稳定性等问题。     

Numerical Simulation of Deforming Manufacture Process for Automobile Bevel Gear Blank

1 Introduction Rear axle bevel gearis a vital kind of annular accessory with high precision and hugeload availablefeatures ,andit is widely used as the differential drive in automobiles and tractor .In China ,the traditional manufactureapproach of producing the rear axle bevel gear blankis die forging,which not only requires a highinvestment ofproduct equipments , but also involves a low material utilization and great noise .In order to overcome thesedrawbacks , manyresearchers have done a gre…     

无创血压测量方法的研究

简要介绍了血压测量技术的发展概况，重点介绍了示渡法工作原理、判别准则和方法比较，对测量算法进行了详细介绍，并结合MOTORLA公司的MC68HC908LJ12简要介绍了示波法电子血压计实现方法，最后就影响血压测量的主要因素进行了简要分析。     

水平井现场地质导向方法及其应用

为了降低水平井的钻探工程成本，要尽量不钻或少钻导眼井段。根据水平井在钻前准备、深度预测、稳定井斜、水平导入4个阶段的不同作业特点，依据现场施工经验，归纳提出了利用公式法、小导眼法、曲线指示法、扭矩与dc指数法等方法进行地质导向的成功实践。利用这些方法，可以有效地指导现场钻井人员，将钻井轨迹比较准确地导入目的层中。     

压缩机环状阀工作过程冲击应力的有限元分析研究

针对压缩机环状阀结构和运动特点,利用ANSYS分析软件对其冲击应力进行有限元分析,得出阀片质量和阀片倾侧运动对环状阀工作过程冲击应力的影响。为压缩机环状阀的结构修改和优化设计提供了必要的基础。