基于用户浏览行为的用户模型调整算法研究

个性化信息服务越来越成为信息检索领域中研究的热点。针对用户模型构造问题,文章结合手工定制建模与自动分析建模技术;并改进文档特征向量的权重计算方式,提高特征向量表示文档的能力;并结合用户浏览行为的页面反馈度计算,提出了一种用户模型智能调整算法。模拟实验表明,该结构和算法能够有效地提高检索结果的准确度,并且具有良好的可适应性。     

有环网络编码关键理论问题研究

同无环网络编码研究相比,有环网络编码的理论存在更多研究空白.在实际网络中,网络编码信息流很可能交错形成环路,造成环路中链路之间逻辑因果关系混乱,时延的引入成为必须.因此,有环网络中网络编码呈现出与无环网络中不一样的特性.由于有环网络编码是网络编码实用化研究的一个关键和难点,而且有环有时延网络更接近实际网络情况,因而有环网络的研究具有较大理论和实用意义.本文从有环网络编码的数学理论框架、有环网络编码容量、码构造算法、多源有环网络编码等几个方面综述了有环网络编码的研究现状和需要进一步研究的方向.     

一种互联网海量情报规则优化方法

现在很多部门都需要通过规则处理海量情报数据,规则的数量一旦达到海量级规模,对规则的处理技术的要求将会变得越来越高,海量规则的优化将是一个十分重要的问题.文中展示了一种海量规则的优化方法.若两个规则网最后的计算结果是一样的,则可以认为这两个规则网是等价的.基于该等价规则模块的变换可以将代价小的规则模块替换掉代价大的规则模块,从而以后可以选择一种代价最小的规则模块.本文提出规则网模块等价替换的5种优化方法,并对其做了相应的证明.通过优化,可以使得海量规则网处于计算代价尽量最小状态,以此减少处理机的计算工作量.分析表明,通过等价规则替换,可以大大提高规则处理效率.     

基于高分辨率遥感影像的城市建筑目标提取研究

基于Geoeye-1高分辨率遥感影像,根据机场、大型公共建筑、污水处理厂3类建筑目标的光谱特征和形状特征,采用面向对象分类识别方法,并结合城市总体规划专题数据,对上述3类建筑目标进行提取实验。实验表明,本文提出的技术路线对上述3类城市建筑目标提取具有较好的应用效果。     

粗糙集和信息熵的属性约简算法及其应用

阐述粗糙集理论和信息熵的基本概念,并为寻找属性约简的有效方法,提出一种基于粗糙集和信息熵的属性约简算法。在决策表中添加某个属性引起的互信息变化的大小,以反映该属性的重要性,并求相对约简。研究表明,该算法不仅能得到最优的决策规则,而且能够减少信息系统所需的搜索空间,得到更优的属性约简效果。     

基于信息熵的空间对象群聚类算法

针对利用空间关系建立空间对象群聚类的问题,提出一种基于信息熵的空间对象群聚类算法ESOGC。该算法考虑空间数据的复杂性和数据之间的联系,根据邻域范围内信息熵的变化情况,捡起或放下当前空间对象群,从而实现对空间对象群的聚类。实验结果表明,该算法能解决空间对象群中对象类型、对象属性值和对象数量不一致性的问题。     

入侵检测中的数据约简研究

为解决入侵检测中的数据约简问题,提出一种基于粗糙集的入侵检测数据约简算法,其中包括特征选择与属性值约简。特征选择部分采用互信息的方法消除冗余特征,属性值约简部分采用归纳值约简算法消除冗余属性值。实验结果表明,该方法不仅能缩短训练及检测时间,减小数据存储代价,还能提高分类精确度。     

基于二次TF* IDF的互信息文本特征选择算法研究

在分析传统互信息法缺陷的基础上,提出一种基于二次TF*IDF的互信息特征选择算法,对仅在一个类别中出现的特征词的重要程度给予再次的衡量,解决了互信息值相等而无法进行有效特征选择的问题。利用贝叶斯分类器对该方法进行验证的结果表明该算法在文本分类效率和正确率上比原有方法有一定的提高。     

A bounded distance metric for comparing tree structure

Comparing tree-structured data for structural similarity is a recurring theme and one on which much effort has been spent. Most approaches so far are grounded, implicitly or explicitly, in algorithmic information theory, being approximations to an information distance derived from Kolmogorov complexity. In this paper we propose a novel complexity metric, also grounded in information theory, but calculated via Shannon's entropy equations. This is used to formulate a directly and efficiently computable metric for the structural difference between unordered trees. The paper explains the derivation of the metric in terms of information theory, and proves the essential property that it is a distance metric. The property of boundedness means that the metric can be used in contexts such as clustering, where second-order comparisons are required. The distance metric property means that the metric can be used in the context of similarity search and metric spaces in general, allowing trees to be indexed and stored within this domain. We are not aware of any other tree similarity metric with these properties.     

Metaheuristics for the dynamic stochastic dial-a-ride problem with expected return transports

The problem of transporting patients or elderly people has been widely studied in literature and is usually modeled as a dial-a-ride problem (DARP). In this paper we analyze the corresponding problem arising in the daily operation of the Austrian Red Cross. This nongovernmental organization is the largest organization performing patient transportation in Austria. The aim is to design vehicle routes to serve partially dynamic transportation requests using a fixed vehicle fleet. Each request requires transportation from a patient's home location to a hospital (outbound request) or back home from the hospital (inbound request). Some of these requests are known in advance. Some requests are dynamic in the sense that they appear during the day without any prior information. Finally, some inbound requests are stochastic. More precisely, with a certain probability each outbound request causes a corresponding inbound request on the same day. Some stochastic information about these return transports is available from historical data. The purpose of this study is to investigate, whether using this information in designing the routes has a significant positive effect on the solution quality. The problem is modeled as a dynamic stochastic dial-a-ride problem with expected return transports. We propose four different modifications of metaheuristic solution approaches for this problem. In detail, we test dynamic versions of variable neighborhood search (VNS) and stochastic VNS (S-VNS) as well as modified versions of the multiple plan approach (MPA) and the multiple scenario approach (MSA). Tests are performed using 12 sets of test instances based on a real road network. Various demand scenarios are generated based on the available real data. Results show that using the stochastic information on return transports leads to average improvements of around 15%. Moreover, improvements of up to 41% can be achieved for some test instances.