基于谱聚类与混合模型的SAR图像多尺度分割

针对谱聚类方法应用于合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像分割时Laplace矩阵的特征值和特征向量难以计算的问题,结合SAR图像在多个尺度的统计信息,给出了一个包含顶点凝聚、初始分割和分割细化3个步骤的SAR图像多尺度分割方法。首先,用一个顶点数不断减少的凝聚图序列来逼近从SAR图像得到的图;然后应用谱聚类方法对最粗尺度的凝聚图进行分割得到初始分割结果;最后根据SAR图像的统计性质,利用基于混合模型估计的分类后验概率将初始分割结果逐尺度进行细化得到SAR图像的最终分割。实验结果表明了方法的有效性。     

中文分词技术在搜索引擎中的应用

本文介绍了搜索引擎的关键技术——中文分词技术,对中文分词技术的概念、常用算法以及分词的难点进行了详细介绍,让读者对中文分词的现状有所了解。     

基于嵌入式系统的图像对象分割

随着计算机科学和微电子技术的迅速发展,以计算机技术、集成电路技术和软件技术为核心的嵌入式系统的信息处理能力迅速提升,为基于嵌入式系统的图像信息处理提供了硬件基础。本文以ARM920T结构的S3C2410处理器为核心,构建了一个嵌入式图像处理平台,在嵌入式Linux操作系统的支撑下,实现了嵌入式图像的采集、图像灰度化和基于迭代法的图像对象分割,实验证明本系统是切实可行,为进一步的研究提供了基础。     

基于.NET的中文分词系统设计与实现

针对中文分词的相关理论,讨论了中文分词的难点、语料库和中文分词算法,然后在.NET下设计了一个中文分词系统。在长词优先的原则下通过SQL Server 2005自建了一个语料库。在Visual Studio 2005下,采用改进的正向减字最大匹配分词算法,使用ASP.NET和C#语言实现了这个系统。结果表明该分词系统达到了较好的分词效果。     

基于多分辨率分析与形态学分水岭算法的图像分割

由于分水岭算法存在着过分割的问题,本篇论文提出了一个有效解决该问题的方法。首先,在图像预处理过程中先对图像进行小波分解;其次,采用形态学求梯度的方法得到小波分解后的低频图像的梯度图并对其进行开闭重建,在保留区域重要轮廓的同时去除噪声和图像细节;第三,对重建后的低频梯度图像进行基于标记约束的分水岭分割,并将低分辨率的分割结果图像向全分辨率映射。试验结果表明该方法能够很好地抑制过分割,同时通过结构元素的选择而具备一定的灵活性,整个过程无需进行合并处理,从而降低了分割的复杂性。     

Using anatomical knowledge expressed as fuzzy constraints to segment the heart in CT images

Segmenting the heart in medical images is a challenging and important task for many applications. In particular, segmenting the heart in CT images is very useful for cardiology and oncological applications such as radiotherapy. Although the majority of methods in the literature are designed for ventricle segmentation, there is a real interest in segmenting the heart as a whole in this modality. In this paper, we address this problem and propose an automatic and robust method, based on anatomical knowledge about the heart, in particular its position with respect to the lungs. This knowledge is represented in a fuzzy formalism and it is used both to define a region of interest and to drive the evolution of a deformable model in order to segment the heart inside this region. The proposed method has been applied on non-contrast CT images and the obtained results have been compared to manual segmentations of the heart, showing the good accuracy and high robustness of our approach.     

Boosting text segmentation via progressive classification

A novel approach for reconciling tuples stored as free text into an existing attribute schema is proposed. The basic idea is to subject the available text to progressive classification, i.e., a multi-stage classification scheme where, at each intermediate stage, a classifier is learnt that analyzes the textual fragments not reconciled at the end of the previous steps. Classification is accomplished by an ad hoc exploitation of traditional association mining algorithms, and is supported by a data transformation scheme which takes advantage of domain-specific dictionaries/ontologies. A key feature is the capability of progressively enriching the available ontology with the results of the previous stages of classification, thus significantly improving the overall classification accuracy. An extensive experimental evaluation shows the effectiveness of our approach.     

基于并行点火PCNN模型的图像分割新方法

提出一种并行点火脉冲耦合神经网络(Parallelized firing pulse coupled neural networks, PFPCNN)模型的图像分割方法. 首先用改进的Unit-linking PCNN (ULPCNN)模型对图像进行增强, 便于后续的图像分割. 然后采用PFPCNN新模型对增强后的图像进行分割, 最后用最大香农熵方法判定最佳分割结果. 各种复杂场景下的仿真实验及定量评价表明, 本文提出的图像分割方法, 其效果明显优于常规的PCNN分割方法.     

Color Subspaces as Photometric Invariants

Complex reflectance phenomena such as specular reflections confound many vision problems since they produce image ‘features’ that do not correspond directly to intrinsic surface properties such as shape and spectral reflectance. A common approach to mitigate these effects is to explore functions of an image that are invariant to these photometric events. In this paper we describe a class of such invariants that result from exploiting color information in images of dichromatic surfaces. These invariants are derived from illuminant-dependent ‘subspaces’ of RGB color space, and they enable the application of Lambertian-based vision techniques to a broad class of specular, non-Lambertian scenes. Using implementations of recent algorithms taken from the literature, we demonstrate the practical utility of these invariants for a wide variety of applications, including stereo, shape from shading, photometric stereo, material-based segmentation, and motion estimation.     

Variational Segmentation of Image Sequences Using Region-Based Active Contours and Deformable Shape Priors

In this paper we address the problem of segmentation in image sequences using region-based active contours and level set methods. We propose a novel method for variational segmentation of image sequences containing nonrigid, moving objects. The method is based on the classical Chan-Vese model augmented with a novel frame-to-frame interaction term, which allow us to update the segmentation result from one image frame to the next using the previous segmentation result as a shape prior. The interaction term is constructed to be pose-invariant and to allow moderate deformations in shape. It is expected to handle the appearance of occlusions which otherwise can make segmentation fail. The performance of the model is illustrated with experiments on synthetic and real image sequences.