Sensitivity and inverse analysis methods for parameter intervals

This paper proposes a sensitivity analysis method for engineering parameters using interval analyses.This method substantially extends the application of interval analysis method.In this scheme,parameter intervals and decision-making target intervals are determined using the interval analysis method.As an example,an inverse analysis method for uncertainty is presented.The intervals of unknown parameters can be obtained by sampling measured data.Even for limited measured data,robust results can also be obtained with the inverse analysis method,which can be intuitively evaluated by the uncertainty expressed in terms of an interval.For complex nonlinear problems,an iteratively optimized inverse analysis model is proposed.In a given set of loose parameter intervals,all the unknown parameter intervals that satisfy the measured information can be obtained by an iteratively optimized inverse analysis model.The influences of measured precisions and the number of parameters on the results of the inverse analysis are evaluated.Finally,the uniqueness of the interval inverse analysis method is discussed.     

重大公益性基础设施项目中财务管理应用

建设项目中的财务管理是以提高建设项目投资效益为中心的。合理地筹集、分配和使用建设资金是一项综合管理工作。介绍了中环线(浦西段)项目建设过程中,建章立制求规范、开展预算管理求效益和强化项目资金管理的经验。如通过合理安排和使用建设资金,仅从减少借款利息和提高存款利息一项,就降低资金成本约1.5亿元。最后对重大公益性项目建立偿债机制提出了建议。     

Concentrations and determinants of organochlorine levels among pregnant women in Eastern Spain

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) comprise a large variety of toxic substances with ample distribution. While exposure to these toxins occurs mainly through diet, maternal POP levels may be influenced by certain sociodemographic, environmental, or lifestyle factors. This is important given that these substances may have adverse effects on fetal development. The aim of this study is to examine the sociodemographic, environmental, lifestyle, and dietary determinants of the levels of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), b-hexachlorocyclohexane (b-HCH), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (4,4′-DDT), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (4,4′-DDE), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB congeners 118, 138, 153, 180) measured in the blood of pregnant women participating in a mother-child cohort study conducted in Valencia (Spain).The study population consisted of 541 pregnant women who formed part of the INMA (Childhood and the Environment) cohort (2004-2006). POP levels were determined in blood taken during the 12th week of pregnancy with the aid of gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Sociodemographic, environmental, and dietary information was obtained from a questionnaire. Multivariate Tobit regression models were constructed in order to assess the association between POP levels and selected covariates.The results showed that all the women had detectable levels of at least one of these compounds while in 43% of the subjects, all eight compounds were detected. The compounds found in the greatest number of women were 4,4′-DDE (100%) and PCBs 153 and 180 (95%). The most important determinants of high POP levels were the mother's age, country of origin, increased body mass index, and number of weeks of breastfeeding after previous pregnancies. With regard to diet, 4,4′-DDT and 4,4′-DDE levels increased with the intake of meat, fruit, and cereal. PCB 153 levels increased with the intake of seafood. The levels of HCB, b-HCH, 4,4′-DDT, and 4,4′-DDE observed in this study were slightly higher than in other studies, whereas the PCB levels were similar.     

腹膜透析治疗心脏手术后急性肾功能衰竭

目的探讨腹膜透析（PD）对心脏手术后急性肾功能衰竭（ARF）的治疗效果。方法选择心脏手术后ARF患者26例,采用2．5％葡萄糖透析液行PD。观察透析前和透析后24、48、72、96h时尿量、超滤量、电解质、血尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Cr）的变化。结果PD时间3～16d,26例患者中23例患者肾功能恢复至术前水平,1例死于多脏器功能衰竭,2例自动放弃治疗。23例患者经PD治疗后,尿量逐渐增加,BUN、Cr明显低于PD前（P〈0．05）。未发生严重并发症。结论PD安全、经济、有效,是心脏手术后治疗ARF的首要选择。     

广东省代建模式运作方式及各参与方法律关系分析

对广东省代建模式的运作方式作了简单介绍,分析了各参与方的法律关系和代建合同的法律性质,同时提出了改进广东省代建管理方式的设想。     

Behavior of vertically irregular structures near mines: Comparison of responses under seismic and mine blast-induced ground motion

Due to architectural and functional considerations, buildings with irregular configurations are frequently constructed with rapid urbanization. During a seismic or blast activity, the performance of a building depends on various factors like adequate lateral strength, stiffness, ductility, regularity, and the extent of simplicity in the configuration. The irregular distributions of the stiffness, mass, and strength in the plan and height of the building create irregularity within the structures. The purpose of this study is to understand the nature of response under seismic ground motion and that obtained from ground vibration generated due to mine blasts if such buildings are situated near mines. This study also emphasizes on identifying the critical location of stress concentration of the structures under both seismic and mine blast-induced ground motion. Base shear, fundamental natural periods, mode shapes, and member forces for a few buildings with typical irregular configurations and similar buildings with regular counterparts are obtained. Nonlinear dynamic analysis has been carried out on irregular buildings for confirming the trends in behavior observed from linear dynamic analysis. Since the mine blasts take place sequentially, the study also aims to prescribe a suitable delay interval between such series blasts to minimize the vulnerability of vertically irregular seismic structures to the possible extent.     

隧道运行安全风险与管理初探

随着经济的发展,我国隧道建设突飞猛进,由于隧道在交通网络起到关键的瓶颈作用,其运行期间的安全也成为了一个值得人们关注的问题,对隧道运行安全进行风险分析也变得十分必要。分析了隧道运行中面临的主要风险因素,并对其进行了分类,重点考虑了国内文献中很少考虑的恐怖风险。对适合于当前隧道运行安全的一些风险评估方法进行了讨论和说明。最后列出了一些风险应对对策,并根据应对风险水平的大小和作用时间的前后,对这些对策进行了分类,并附加了一些关于人员的说明。     

水利工程运行与建设管理的有机结合

水利工程将运行与建设管理相结合,可以大幅度提升工程的经济和社会效益。本文介绍了水利工程运行管理意义,将运行与建设管理结合的必要性,指出了运行与建设管理存在的弊端,实施有效对策促进运行与建设管理相结合。     

剖析和探索--以沭阳体育中心设计为例

其以日常使用和赛后运营为设计的核心,满足了正规比赛的要求,解决了自然通风和采光,大大降低了运营成本。     

杭州地铁4号线东坚区间盾构进出洞加固设计

详细介绍了杭州地铁4号线东冠路站—坚塔路站区间隧道盾构进出洞加固设计,包括加固长度、宽度,三轴搅拌桩加固和单排三重高压旋喷桩加固方法及其详细的工艺要求和技术参数,并论述了质量控制与检验要求,可为今后类似工程提供参考。