Contact duration aware evaluation for content dissemination delay in mobile social network

Groups of people with mobile phones using short‐range connections such as WiFi and Bluetooth to propagate messages can be modeled as, with regard to regular absence of end‐to‐end connection, mobile social networks (MSNs), which can be exploited to offload a significant amount of mobile content from the overloaded infrastructure networks such as 3G. The study of content transmission delay for the applications of mobile content dissemination in MSNs is an important problem, because to enhance the network capacity, the traffic is offloaded at the cost of inducing longer delay. In contrast to existing works, which ignore the factors of contact duration limits and large content size, we present a contact duration aware framework to model the content dissemination process in MSNs, give an explicit expression for the average content dissemination delay, and reveals its relationship with various system parameters of content size, users’ selfishness, number of involved subscribers, infecting ratio, and so on. We apply our proposed model to real‐life traces to assess its reliability by comparing the theoretical results with measured statistics and present extensive upshots to evaluate the influence of various parameters on system performance. The results demonstrate the accuracy of our proposed framework and reveal that system parameters of content size, system infecting ratio and intragroup transmission are the most important factors to influence the content dissemination delay. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An efficient HARQ scheme for applications in multicast communication systems

This paper deals with the performance evaluation and optimization of an efficient hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) scheme suitable for applications delivered over lossy multicast communication channels. In particular, different from previously investigated strategies, this paper proposes a modified HARQ scheme based on the symbol combining principle (MHARQ‐SC) where multiple copies of a same packet are consecutively transmitted at each transmission opportunity. By considering as the performance metrics, the mean packet delivery delay, and the energy consumption per information packet, this paper presents suitable performance evaluation and optimization strategies tailored for multicast communications. For the sake of comparisons, it has been also analyzed, under the same operational conditions, the performance of different HARQ schemes optimized for multicast communications. Numerical results have been provided to validate the proposed performance evaluation and optimization approaches in the case of the MHARQ‐SC scheme. An important result devised here is that the reported analytical results clearly highlight the performance gain of the proposed strategy in comparison with all the other considered alternatives. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A venues‐aware message routing scheme for delay‐tolerant networks

With their proliferation and increasing capabilities, mobile devices with local wireless interfaces can be organized into delay‐tolerant networks (DTNs) that exploit communication opportunities arising out of the movement of their users. As the mobile devices are usually carried by people, these DTNs can also be viewed as social networks. Unfortunately, most existing routing algorithms for DTNs rely on relatively simple mobility models that rarely consider these social network characteristics, and therefore, the mobility models in these algorithms cannot accurately describe users’ real mobility traces. In this paper, we propose two predict and spread (PreS) message routing algorithms for DTNs. We employ an adapted Markov chain to model a node's mobility pattern and capture its social characteristics. A comparison with state‐of‐the‐art algorithms demonstrates that PreS can yield better performance in terms of delivery ratio and delivery latency, and it can provide a comparable performance with the epidemic routing algorithm with lower resource consumption. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Service‐based high‐speed railway base station arrangement

To provide stable and high data rate wireless access for passengers in the train, it is necessary to properly deploy base stations along the railway. We consider this issue from the perspective of service, which is defined as the integral of the time‐varying instantaneous channel capacity. With large‐scale fading assumption, it will be shown that the total service of each base station is inversely proportional to the velocity of the train. Besides, we find that if the ratio of the service provided by a base station in its service region to its total service is given, the base station interval (i.e., the distance between two adjacent base stations) is a constant regardless of the velocity of the train. On the other hand, if a certain amount of service is required, the interval will increase with the velocity of the train. The aforementioned results apply not only to simple curve rails, like line rail and arc rail, but also to any irregular curve rail, provided that the train is traveling at a constant velocity. Furthermore, the new developed results are applied to analyze the on–off transmission strategy of base stations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

包裹方式及条带间距对BFRP-PVC管自密实再生混凝土短柱力学性能的影响研究

通过对27根不同包裹方式和条带间距的BFRP-PVC管自密实再生混凝土短柱进行轴压试验,研究纤维布包裹方式和条带间距对BFRP-PVC管试件柱的承载力、变形能力以及破坏形态的影响。试验结果表明,在纤维布粘贴总层数相同的情况下,里层全裹试件柱的强度提高率和变形能力明显优于全部条带间隔粘贴的试件柱,其中Z1BS系列柱的强度提高率比Z2BS系列柱的强度提高率更高;条带环箍间距对于试件的强度提高率有一定的影响,影响程度与里层纤维布包裹方式有关;就变形能力而言,BFRP-PVC管试件短柱优于PVC管混凝土短柱,里层全裹纤维布短柱优于全部条带间隔方式包裹的短柱,Z2BS系列试件优于Z1BS系列试件。     

水井的层段注水措施研究

水井经过层段的重新划分后,层段内的性质较调整前更为接近,对提高注水开发的效果更为有利。确定注水井的影响因素,进行分层注水措施分析。主要研究了注水井的层段注水措施,针对不同的层,可以更好地确定注水量和注水强度。     

不稳定串级时滞过程的改进型内模控制

针对不稳定串级时滞过程,提出了改进型内模控制(IMC)方法。控制系统副回路采用改进的内反馈控制结构,能够有效去除副控制器对主回路的影响,从而简化主控制器的设计。主回路采用改进的内模控制结构,在反馈通道增加干扰抑制控制器,使主电路的跟踪特性和干扰抑制特性实现解耦,通过对控制器进行设计,能有效地抑制被控过程参数的变化和干扰对系统性能的影响。     

区间模型下声学超材料的可靠性优化

目前对声学超材料的优化设计都是基于确定性的物理模型,忽略了不确定参数对其超常声学性能的影响。针对这一现状,将区间模型引入声学超材料,研究不确定参数对声学超材料声强传递系数和负有效体积模量的影响;接着在此基础上,以声强传递系数为目标函数,以负有效体积模量为约束条件,构造区间模型下声学超材料的可靠性优化模型。数值结果表明,优化后的声学超材料即使受到不确定参数的干扰,仍能保守满足其可靠性约束条件,并改善其声强传递系数和负有效体积模量。     

Discrete-time domain two-degree-of-freedom control design for integrating and unstable processes with time delay

A discrete-time domain two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) design method is proposed for integrating and unstable processes with time delay. Based on a 2DOF control structure recently developed, a controller is analytically designed in terms of the H₂ optimal control performance specification for the set-point tracking, and another controller is derived by proposing the desired closed-loop transfer function for load disturbance rejection. Both controllers can be tuned relatively independent to realize control optimization. Analytical expression of the set-point response is given for quantitatively tuning the single adjustable parameter in the set-point tracking controller. At the meantime, sufficient and necessary conditions for holding robust stability of the closed-loop control system are established for tuning another adjustable parameter in the disturbance rejection controller, along with numerical tuning guidelines. Illustrative examples from the literature are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

一种卫星双向时频传递设备时延差的标定方法

利用卫星双向时间频率传递方法可以实现精度优于1 ns的远程时间同步。卫星双向设备时延差是影响双向比对结果的一项主要误差。目前,国际上通用的方法是利用一套可移动的双向校准设备实现对两套卫星双向设备时延差的校准。该方法存在设备成本高、占用通信卫星资源且对天气条件要求较高等问题。随着i GMAS站和其他监测站点的建设,越来越多站点的接收机监测数据资源可用。提出一种利用各站点监测数据实现对卫星双向设备时延差的校准方法。当卫星双向比对两地同时具有监测数据可用时,可以通过事后数据处理的方式校准两地卫星双向设备的时延差。校准的主要思路是利用精密星历、钟差和电离层产品,从每颗星的伪距测量值中扣除传播路径中的各项延迟,得到本地与导航系统时间的时差。通过对所有可见星的时差结果进行加权、滤波,并扣除接收机间的相对时延,得到比对两地的全视站间钟差。最后,通过与同时段的卫星双向结果进行比较,得到两地卫星双向设备的时延差,校准精度优于1 ns。虽然该方法无法实现亚纳秒量级的校准,但是可以较为简单地标定出两地卫星双向设备的时延差,可以满足纳秒级的时间同步应用需求。