Review of The social psychology of gender: How power and intimacy shape gender relations.

Reviews the book, The social psychology of gender: How power and intimacy shape gender relations by Laurie A. Rudman and Peter Glick (see record 2008-09331-000). In this volume, respected gender experts Rudman and Glick (both former recipients of the Gordon Allport Intergroup Relations Award for their respective research in this area) highlight the ways in which male dominance and intimate interdependence work together to shape peoples’ attitudes toward men and women and thusly their interactions with members of both sexes. Although its publication in the Texts series suggests that it is aimed primarily at a student audience, this volume nevertheless has much to offer the interested layperson and the serious academic as well. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Explication a montage by Dora Maar

Contemporary photographers Rineke Dijkstra and Nan Goldin each seek intimacy through portrait making. Perhaps not surprisingly, their work is most frequently framed in terms of either empathy or voyeurism. Considering selections from Goldin’s The Ballad of Sexual Dependency and Dijkstra’s New Mothers photographs, this essay argues that instead of approaching the text critically through the lens of ‘voyeurism’, this work is best explored by focusing on the question of ‘intimacy’. This essay situates the notion of intimacy both theoretically and historically, considering the workings of intimacy and its relationship to the persistence of inside/outside binaries (most frequently applied in discussion of the dynamics of the photographer/subject relationship). Looking at the way intimacy is represented through the surfaces of skin and the pregnant or maternal body, this essay speaks to questions of intention and critical reception and considers the ways in which photographers, subjects, and audiences engage with photographs as material objects.     

基于亲密度和吸引力的二分网络社区发现算法

社区划分是二分网络研究中的一个热门话题,针对现有的二分网络社区发现算法存在从不同节点出发社区划分准确率低的问题,提出了基于亲密度和吸引力的二分网络社区发现算法（Intimacy and Attraction Algorithm,IAA）。该算法将[U]类中的每一个节点看作一个社区,通过计算出每一个社区的亲密度和社区间的吸引力来合并社区,从而得到[U]类节点的划分,最后[V]类节点划分到已有的社区中得到完整的社区划分结果。在人工数据集和真实网络上进行分析,分别利用互信息和模块度作为评价指标,实验结果表明,IAA能够更有效挖掘二分网络社区结构,具有良好的社区划分效果。     

Intercommunity relocation and adolescent friendships: Who struggles and why?

This study examined how relocation to a new community affects intimacy and companionship in close friendships by comparing experiences of early adolescents who began their 7th or 8th grade school year in a new community (111 boys, 96 girls) with those of residentially stable agemates (30 boys, 38 girls). Drawing from a developmental- contextual, multisystem conceptual framework and using a person-centered analytic approach, the study provides strong evidence that most adolescents experience a relatively brief period of diminished access to companionship and intimacy with close friends following relocation. The extent of diminution may be greater for adolescents with social anxiety or behavioral concerns. Findings have implications for families who are facing a move and for clinicians working with recently relocated adolescents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Eating problems and the observed quality of mother–daughter interactions among girls with type 1 diabetes.

This study examined how eating problems are linked to autonomy and intimacy in the observed interactions of 88 diabetic girls (M=14.9 years) and their mothers. On the basis of self-reported symptoms, teens were classified as having no eating problems (n=40), mild eating problems (n=30), and frequent eating problems (n=18). Mothers and daughters participated in 2 videotaped problem solving tasks (1 diabetes related and 1 a general parent-teen issue) that were rated with a macroanalytic coding system (Autonomy and Intimacy Rating System). Compared with interactions among mothers and daughters with no eating problems, interactions among mothers and daughters with eating problems simultaneously constrained the expression of autonomy and intimacy. Findings support clinical theory that links eating problems to emotional misattunement in the mother-daughter relationship, which is postulated to interfere with the teen's capacity for individuation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于节点亲密度和影响力的社交网络舆论形成模型

针对舆论传播过程中个体交互的广泛性和个体社会影响力的差异性,在Hegselmann-Krause模型的基础上建立了社交网络舆论形成模型。新模型通过引入个体间亲密度、人际相似性和交互强度等概念,对个体交互集合进行了扩展,并对影响力权重进行了合理量化,进而构建更切合实际的观点交互规则。通过一系列仿真实验,分析了模型主要参数在舆论演化中的作用。结果表明：在不同信任阈值下,群体观点均能收敛到一致,形成舆论共识;且信任阈值越大,收敛时间越短;当信任阈值为0.2时,收敛时间仅为10。同时,扩大交互集合、提高人际相似性的作用强度会促进舆论共识的形成。此外,当无标度网络的聚类系数和平均度较高时,群体观点更容易产生趋同效应。研究结果有助于理解舆论形成的动力学过程,对社会管理者进行决策分析具有指导作用。     

基于节点亲密度和度的社会网络社团发现方法

社会网络是现实社会在网络空间的延伸,研究社会网络的结构特征对于发现网络结构、预测网络行为、保障网络安全有着重要的意义.社团结构是社会网络最重要的一种结构特征.近年来,研究人员提出了大量的社团检测算法,但大多集中在无权网络,不能处理网络中越来越复杂的连接关系.为了衡量有向加权网络中节点之间的关联强度,提出了一种新的节点亲密度定义,在此基础上设计了一种基于节点亲密度和度的社团结构检测方法(community detecting method based on node intimacy and degree, CDID),并在真实的社会网络数据集上进行了实验验证.与传统的社团检测方法相比,CDID方法能够获得更加准确的社团划分结果,并为无向无权、有向无权、无向加权、有向加权网络的社团划分提供了一种统一的解决方法.     

What kind of intimacy is meaningful to you? How intimate interactions foster individuals' sensemaking of innovation

This study examines how intimacy affects individuals' sensemaking of innovation in their organization. Although sensemaking facilitates understanding innovation and envisioning new worldviews, it involves a delicate process of self-disclosure, reflection, personal contact and communication. Intimacy focuses on time-bounded interactions that foster individuals' progressive self-disclosure and perceptions of mutual understanding. Therefore, drawing on intimacy theories, we investigate from a microlevel perspective how temporally bounded intimate interactions foster the meaningfulness of innovation for individuals. As sensemaking processes differ in large-scale radical and incremental innovations, we examine both contexts in a post hoc analysis. Through a field study, we show that different intimacy dynamics (emotional, cognitive and listening) influence meaningfulness perceptions. In particular, we find that the emotional intimacy dynamics positively influence meaningfulness perceptions in the context of radical innovation initiatives, while the cognitive and listening intimacy dynamics positively influence meaningfulness perceptions in the context of incremental innovation initiatives. This study contributes to the sensemaking innovation literature by introducing intimacy as an enabler of sensemaking. Our study also suggests that managers should encourage moments of intimate interaction when pursuing innovation to facilitate sensemaking of change.