VS‐CONTROL WITH TIME‐VARYING SLIDING SECTOR — DESIGN AND APPLICATION TO PENDULUM —

In general, a Variable Structure (VS) system is designed with a sliding mode. Recently a sliding sector, designed by an algebraic Riccati equation, has been proposed to replace the sliding mode for chattering‐free VS controllers. In this paper we extend the design algorithm for the sliding sector to a time‐varying sliding sector. The time‐varying sliding sector is defined by functions dependent on both state and time, hence time‐varying uncertainty can be considered. The VS controller is designed to stabilize an uncertain system, quadratically. The design procedure for real systems is introduced via an implementation to the control of “Furuta pendulum”. To enhance the stability it is necessary to compensate the time‐varying nonlinear static friction of the actuator adequately, hence this problem is a good example to demonstrate the performance of the proposed VS control method. In the experiment, it will be shown that the VS control with the time‐varying sliding sector is superior to an orthodox chattering‐free VS control.     

Progress in viewing‐angle properties of liquid‐crystal displays

Abstract— Viewing‐angle dependences of the contrast ratio and color shift of LCDs have been radically improved as evidenced by the increasing application of LCDs in high‐quality television. This paper describes the concept of optical compensation and the fundamental characteristics of the viewing‐angle property for various LC modes.     

Optimization of photo‐aligned ferroelectric liquid‐crystal display under passively addressed driving

Abstract— A ferroelectric liquid‐crystal (FLC) passively addressed 64 × 64 display based on the photo‐alignment technique has been developed. The display matrix has dimensions of 33 × 33 mm², and the FLC layer thickness is about 5 μm. Asymmetric boundary conditions, when only one of ITO surfaces of the display matrix is covered with the photo‐aligning layer while another one is not, have been used for providing both high contrast ratio and steady multiplex operation. The electro‐optical performance of the 5‐μm FLC display is presented, including bistable switching in static operation, optimization in multiplexing operation, and gray‐scale generation.     

A torsional resonance mode AFM for in-plane tip surface interactions

Changing the method of tip/sample interaction leads to contact, tapping and other dynamic imaging modes in atomic force microscopy (AFM) feedback controls. A common characteristic of these feedback controls is that the primary control signals are based on flexural deflection of the cantilever probes, statically or dynamically. We introduce a new AFM mode using the torsional resonance amplitude (or phase) to control the feedback loop and maintain the tip/surface relative position through lateral interaction. The torsional resonance mode (TRmode™) provides complementary information to tapping mode for surface imaging and studies. The nature of tip/surface interaction of the TRmode facilitates phase measurements to resolve the in-plane anisotropy of materials as well as measurements of dynamic friction at nanometer scale. TRmode can image surfaces interleaved with TappingMode™ with the same probe and in the same area. In this way we are able to probe samples dynamically in both vertical and lateral dimensions with high sensitivity to local mechanical and tribological properties. The benefit of TRmode has been proven in studies of water adsorption on HOPG surface steps. TR phase data yields approximately 20 times stronger contrast than tapping phase at step edges, revealing detailed structures that cannot be resolved in tapping mode imaging. The effect of sample rotation relative to the torsional oscillation axis of the cantilever on TR phase contrast has been observed. Tip wear studies of TRmode demonstrated that the interaction forces between tip and sample could be controlled for minimum tip damage by the feedback loop.     

DSP自举加载模式研究

这里介绍了C5409自举加载模式和串行EEPROM模式选择过程的Petri网模型，从而可以使应用DSP的工程人员对DSP的自举加载有一定的了解，在设计DSP独立系统时，达到事半功倍的效果。     

Analysis of rectangular laminated composite plates via FSDT meshless method

A meshless approach based on the reproducing kernel particle method is developed for the flexural, free vibration and buckling analysis of laminated composite plates. In this approach, the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is employed and the displacement shape functions are constructed using the reproducing kernel approximation satisfying the consistency conditions. The essential boundary conditions are enforced by a singular kernel method. Numerical examples involving various boundary conditions are solved to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method. Comparison of results with the exact and other known solutions in the literature suggests that the meshless approach yields an effective solution method for laminated composite plates.     

基于区块链的分布式能源交易关键技术

分布式能源凭借能效高、运行灵活、经济性好等特点,逐渐成为发电的重要来源。区块链技术的去中心化、公开透明等特性与分布式能源的交易需求相吻合,探索基于区块链的分布式能源交易有助于消纳能源,降低信用成本。首先从双方的典型特征方面,分析了区块链技术与分布式交易的契合度;接着介绍了区块链技术在提高交易处理效率方面的新发展,以及结合了区块链技术的分布式能源交易理论研究与实际应用;然后,从点对点(P2P)交易、集合竞价以及连续双边拍卖3个方面,分析了国内外在区块链交易方面的研究现状;最后给出了中国在区块链参与消纳分布式能源、建设需求响应管理等方面的建议。     

基于KELM和多传感器信息融合的风电齿轮箱故障诊断

为提高风电齿轮箱的运行效率,降低风电场的运行维护成本,结合时域统计特征分析和多传感器信息融合技术,提出了一种基于灰狼优化核极限学习机(GWO-KELM)的风电齿轮箱状态监测新方法。首先,计算原始振动信号不同的时域统计特征参数,并采用并行叠加的方式对特征级和数据级进行信息融合以得到融合数据集。其次,利用融合数据集,建立了基于GWO-KELM的故障分类识别模型。最后,运用所提方法对QPZZ-Ⅱ旋转机械振动试验台齿轮箱实测数据进行状态监测,实例结果表明了该方法的有效性和可行性,与其他同类方法相比,所提方法具有最佳分类性能。     

DG出力不确定性对交直流混合系统潮流影响的量化分析方法

交直流混合系统可以有效接纳多种分布式电源（distributed generation,DG）,为研究DG出力不确定性对交直流混合潮流的影响,提出了基于齐诺多面体和线性化潮流的量化分析方法。首先采用齐诺多面体建立DG功率注入的不确定集合,随后通过线性化交直流统一潮流模型,得到了状态量的不确定集合,其包含电压、相角等状态量所有可能的取值,从而分析系统在不确定条件下的运行安全性。文章将所提方法运用在含不同控制方式的交直流混合电网算例中,验证了所提方法的有效性和实用性。     

基于绿色制造的机械加工生产模式的研究

通过分析传统制造的开式循环生产模式与绿色制造的闭式循环生产模式的特性,针对零件的机械加工成形提出了基于绿色制造的六种机加工生产模式.