运用SPIN对开放授权协议OAuth 2.0的分析与验证

OAuth 2.0协议是一种开放授权协议,主要用于解决用户账号关联与资源共享问题。但是,其弱安全性导致各网络公司海量用户信息泄露,且OAuth 2.0传输数据采用的https通道效率低下,成为黑客攻击对象。提出采用http通道传输OAuth 2.0协议数据,基于Promale语言及Dolev-Yao攻击者模型对OAuth 2.0协议建模,运用SPIN进行模型检测。形式化分析结果表明,采用公钥加密体系对OAuth 2.0协议进行加密不安全。上述建模方法对类似的授权协议形式化分析有重要借鉴意义。     

东庄水库岩溶渗漏几个关键问题的探讨

东庄水库坝址库首2.7 km碳酸盐岩库段渗漏问题是制约东庄水库建设的关键技术问题之一,也是多方研究和争论的焦点。在回顾历次勘察和研究阶段关于岩溶渗漏问题的成果和认识的基础上,结合2010年以来开展的勘测工作和最新研究成果,对东庄水库岩溶渗漏密切相关的地下水径流场、筛珠洞泉水、深岩溶发育和悬托河等几个关键问题进行了探讨。综合勘察与研究表明,东庄坝址具备成库建坝条件,经防渗处理后,水库岩溶渗漏问题可以得到有效控制,不会发生大的渗漏问题。     

基于漏磁原理的钢丝绳探伤仪影响因素研究

介绍了钢丝绳探伤仪漏磁检测原理,并使用有限元分析方法分析了传感器零件的材料、钢丝绳的提离距离及断丝根数等对基于漏磁原理的钢丝绳探伤仪检测结果的影响。分析结果表明,提离距离、断丝根数等因素对探伤仪检测结果影响较大,断丝角度、深度等因素影响较小。     

Privacy leakage on the Web: Diffusion and countermeasures

Protecting privacy on the Web is becoming increasingly complicated because of the considerable amount of personal and sensitive information left by users in many locations during their Web browsing and the silent actions of third party sites that collect data, aggregate information and build personal profiles of Internet users in order to provide free and personalized services. On the other hand, most of people are unaware that their information may be collected online, and that, after their aggregation from multiple sources, could be used for secondary purposes, such as linked to allow identification, without user’s notice.     

Our current understanding of lake ecosystem response to climate change: What have we really learned from the north temperate deep lakes?

Climatic change is recognized as an important factor capable of influencing the structural properties of aquatic ecosystems. Lake ecosystems are particularly sensitive to climate change. Several long time-series studies have shown close coupling between climate, lake thermal properties and individual organism physiology, population abundance, community structure, and food-web structure. Understanding the complex interplay between climate, hydrological variability, and ecosystem structure and functioning is essential to inform water resources risk assessment and fisheries management. The purpose of this paper is to present the current understanding of climate-induced changes on lake ecosystem phenology. We first review the ability of climate to modulate the interactions among lake hydrodynamics, chemical factors, and food-web structure in several north temperate deep lakes (e.g., Lake Washington, Lake Tahoe, Lake Constance, Lake Geneva, Lake Baikal, and Lake Zurich). Our aim is to assess long-term trends in the physical (e.g., temperature, timing of stratification, and duration of ice cover), chemical (e.g., nutrient concentrations), and biological (e.g., timing of the spring bloom, phytoplankton composition, and zooplankton abundance) characteristics of the lakes and to examine the signature of local weather conditions (e.g., air temperature and rainfall) and large-scale climatic variability (e.g., ENSO and PDO) on the lake physics, chemistry and biology. We also conducted modeling experiments to quantify the relative effect of climate change and nutrient loading on lake phenology. These modeling experiments focused on the relative changes to the major causal associations underlying plankton dynamics during the spring bloom and the summer stratified period. To further understand the importance of climate change on lakes, we propose two complementary directions of future research. First, additional research is needed to elucidate the wide array of in-lake processes that are likely to be affected by the climate change. Second, it is essential to examine the heterogeneity in responses among different water bodies. The rationale of this approach and its significance for dealing with the uncertainty that the climate signals cascade through lake ecosystems and shape abiotic variability and/or biotic responses have been recently advocated by several other synthesis papers.     

浅谈混凝土重力坝上游面土工膜防渗技术

由于设计、施工、管理等种种原因,我国早期兴建的混凝土坝坝体渗漏问题严重,亟待加固处理.PVC复合土工膜在坝体防渗加固处理中具有施工方便、造价低、工期短、不受气候条件影响、节省工程量等优点.对混凝土坝体上游面设置土工膜防渗施工技术进行分析论述,采用PVC复合土工膜防渗处理,防渗效果良好.     

基于CIC抽取滤波器的谐波分析算法

为消除非同步采样引起的频谱泄漏,提高电网信号的谐波分析精度,提出了基于级联积分梳状(CIC)抽取滤波器的谐波分析算法。在前端AD过采样的情况下,该算法采用逆向搜索的方法实现非同步采样数据的整周期截断,用基于CIC抽取滤波器变频的方法实现信号采样频率与信号基波频率同步,通过快速傅立叶变换(FFT)得到信号频谱,计算基波及各次谐波的幅值和相位。仿真实验结果及误差分析表明,相对于常规的分析方法,该算法具有较高的测量精度。该算法对于非稳态周期信号的谐波分析只需单周期采样,简单易实现,是一种有效的测量方法。     

基于加窗插值FFT和动态频率的谐波检测算法

快速傅立叶变换在非同步采样的情况下存在较大的误差,因而无法在电能计量过程中获取准确的谐波能量。为了减小非同步采样对快速傅立叶变换的影响,提高电能计量的精确度,通常采用加窗的方法。本文详细分析和推导了加窗插值算法。在此基础上,采用Hanning窗,对插值算法进行改进,最后通过仿真试验,分析结果进一步验证了,改进后的谐波分析的结果与实际情况更为接近。     

一种计及频率偏移的谐波与邻近间谐波估计方法

新能源大规模并网会诱导电力信号中出现关于基波/谐波对称的邻近间谐波对或单个邻近间谐波。对信号中各频率成分进行参数估计时,往往需要获知邻近间谐波的类型以构建准确的计算模型。而当电网频率偏离额定值时,频谱泄露干扰将使该要求难以实现。为此,本文提出一种在频率偏移时依然有效的邻近间谐波类型判据及基于此判据的谐波与邻近间谐波参数估计方法。首先,通过分析频率偏移与泄露谱线的映射关系,抑制基波与谐波的频谱泄露以提取邻近间谐波谱线;然后,通过对比不同类型邻近间谐波的频谱差异,提出利用谱线比值作为邻近间谐波类型判据;最后,基于邻近间谐波类型信息,构建邻近间谐波谱线方程以精准估计谐波及邻近间谐波参数。本文所提方法在频率偏移时仍能准确判断邻近间谐波的类型,并能实现更精准的参数估计,仿真验证了本文方法的准确性。     

基于地震灾害场景的主动配电网多维韧性评估方法

为了分析主动配电网承受破坏性扰动事件以及快速恢复重要负荷的韧性支撑能力,融合相量测量单元（PMU）高精度动态感知能力提出了一种新的以地震灾害场景为背景的主动配电网多维韧性评估方法。阐述了配电网韧性的基本概念及特征,并将地震作为极端事件代表,构建了反映配电线路故障率与地震动峰值加速度加权均值的模型,继而采用非序贯蒙特卡罗抽样和K-means++聚类算法筛选出代表性的地震场景;基于系统配置的PMU的强感知力建立反映韧性电网应变力、防御力、恢复力和协同力的评估指标,形成韧性多维特征空间,进而利用事件集点簇中心与最优韧性点的加权欧氏距离评估系统多维综合韧性;分析增强电力线路强度、提高联合系统中分布式电源可供容量这2种措施对系统韧性提升的影响,挖掘韧性电网对抗震防灾的学习力。最后,通过改进的PG&E69系统验证所提方法的有效性和准确性。