An index for deformation controllability of small-volume materials

Mechanical tests on small-volume materials show that in addition to the usual attributes of strength and ductility,the controllability of deformation would be crucial for the purpose of precise plastic shaping.In our present work,a"mechanical controllability index"(MCI)has been proposed to assess the controllability of mechanical deformation quantitatively.The index allows quantitative evaluation of the relative fraction of the controllable plastic strain out of the total strain.MCI=0 means completely uncontrollable plastic deformation,MCI=∞means perfectly controllable plastic shaping.The application of the index is demonstrated here by comparing two example cases:0.273 to 0.429 for single crystal Al nanopillars that exhibit obvious strain bursts,versus 3.17 to 4.2 for polycrystalline Al nanopillars of similar size for which the stress-strain curve is smoother.     

Evaluation method of cracking resistance of lightweight aggregate concrete

The cracking behavior of lightweight aggregate concrete（LWAC） was investigated by mechanical analysis, SEM and cracking-resistant test where a shrinkage-restrained ring with a clapboard was used. The relationship between the ceramsite type and the cracking resistance of LWAC was built up and compared with that of normal-weight coarse aggregate concrete（NWAC）. A new method was proposed to evaluate the cracking resistance of concrete, where the concepts of cracking coefficient ζt（t） and the evaluation index Acr（t） were proposed, and the development of micro-cracks and damage accumulation were recognized. For the concrete with an ascending cracking coefficient curve, the larger Acr（t） is, the lower cracking resistance of concrete is. For the concrete with a descending cracking coefficient curve, the larger Acr（t） is, the stronger the cracking resistance of concrete is. The evaluation results show that in the case of that all the three types of coarse aggregates in concrete are pre-soaked for 24 h, NWAC has the lowest cracking resistance, followed by the LWAC with lower water absorption capacity ceramsite and the LWAC with higher water absorption capacity ceramsite has the strongest cracking resistance. The proposed method has obvious advantages over the cracking age method, because it can evaluate the cracking behavior of concrete even if the concrete has not an observable crack.     

啤酒发酵过程理化指标变化规律研究

研究啤酒发酵过程中酵母数、双乙酰、pH、还原糖、α-氨基氮、酒精度和发酵度的变化规律.结果发现：酵母数量与双乙酰含量在发酵的前三天快速上升,进而急剧下降,后期下降趋缓;还原糖和α-氨基氮在发酵前期被快速消耗,中后期消耗缓慢;pH值发酵初期会有明显下降,随后趋于稳定;酒精度前期上升幅度较大,随后平稳.试验结果表明啤酒发酵过程中主要理化指标的变化是有一定规律的,对啤酒实际生产有指导意义.     

基于路面使用性能评价的车辙指标研究

文章基于现有沥青路面使用性能评价规范和标准,运用简化的车辙积水模型,围绕高速公路沥青路面车辙深度主观评价标准,针对现有车辙评价模型的不足,通过采用Sigmoid函数,主要探索了车辙深度指数RDI评价模型。结果表明:结合求解的车辙内不致积水的临界车辙深度,将路面车辙深度等级划分为更精细的"轻、中、重"三个等级更加合理;优化的沥青路面车辙深度指数RDI评价模型弥补了现有车辙评价指标的不合理性;在保留现有车辙深度指数评价模型的同时,通过分析路面车辙槽的几何特征增加了车辙的其他指标,初步构建了车辙综合评价模型,对全面评价车辙的危害性及进行路面车辙的养护管理更具有实际意义。     

高职教师实践教学质量的模糊综合评判研究

实践教学是高职院校十分重要的教学环节,对实现人才培养目标起着极其重要的作用。在分析了目前高职院校实践教学评价过程中存在的主要问题基础上,结合高职实践教学的特点和人才培养目标,构建了一套具有高职特色、科学合理的实践教学质量评价体系;然后结合实例,应用二级模糊综合评判模型对教师实践教学质量进行量化评价与定性评判。结果表明,该模型有效,为教师实践教学质量的客观评定提供了科学依据。     

Quantitative analysis on distribution of modifier in microstructure of SBS modified asphalt

A method was developed to make a quantitative analysis of the microstructure of asphalt modified with styrene-butadiene-styrene block(SBS) copolymer. Moreover, both mixed and branched SBS were employed in the preparation of modified asphalt. By sampling specimens from the top, middle, and bottom, a number of microscope slides were made and 400 times micro images were gained. Binarized with the software of MATLAB, the images then went to the process of distribution test, when four typical distributions were employed to investigate the distribution of modifi er spread in asphalt. The distribution characteristic and its parameter were both found. The results show that asphalt phase clearly obeys Poisson distribution, and its parameter, λ, is bond up with the condition SBS performs in. Based on this parameter, indexes can be set up to evaluate the structure of the mixture and its performance as well. Compared with that modifi ed with mixed SBS, the asphalt modifi ed with branched SBS has better performance but worse stability, for it is easier to segregate.     

直流煤粉射流着火稳定性指数研究

基于炉膛内煤粉射流微元段,分析煤粉射流卷吸、挥发分与焦炭燃烧以及辐射传热引起的质量与热量变化,建立煤粉射流中氧质量浓度变化、煤焦颗粒直径变化、煤粉颗粒温度变化及一次风射流温度变化微分方程。在此基础上,提出煤粉射流着火稳定性指标的定量计算方法,对于在实际运行中预测与诊断燃烧状态、优化燃烧、预防熄火具有重要意义。     

BT投资模式下城市公共基础设施项目风险评价

针对BT模式下城市公共基础设施项目具有投资规模大、建设周期长、参与主体多、法律关系复杂、工程管理难度大和风险复杂多变的特点,从实证研究出发,进行项目参与主体和全生命周期的二维坐标的风险识别,构建了BT投资模式下的城市公共基础设施项目风险评价模型,建立了其风险评价指标体系,确定了指标权重,并利用修正的拟合优度进行指标的赋值修正,消除冗余信息,降低了风险决策偏差,通过实例证明该风险评价指标体系与评价方法的有效性和实用性。     

我国汽车产业关键技术自主创新能力评价

通过分析目前我国汽车产业关键技术自主创新能力形成的影响因素,建立了自主创新能力评价指标体系,选取我国不同省份具有代表性的大型汽车企业,对实际所收集的数据进行因子分析,旨在把握我国汽车产业关键技术自主创新的现实状况,为我国汽车产业关键技术自主创新提供参考。     

居民平均可支配收入评价的定量分析

针对居民平均可支配收入的评价,以泰尔指数为切入点,综合运用变异系数、多元回归分析等多种方法,建立泰尔指数模型、标准收入模型和指数函数模型,运用Matlab、Excel等软件编程,得出了居民收入贫富差距现象的主要原因和各年居民平均收入数据的基本规律：马太效应。