Recapillarity: Electrochemically Controlled Capillary Withdrawal of a Liquid Metal Alloy from Microchannels

This paper describes the mechanistic details of an electrochemical method to control the withdrawal of a liquid metal alloy, eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn), from microfluidic channels. EGaIn is one of several alloys of gallium that are liquid at room temperature and form a thin (nm scale) surface oxide that stabilizes the shape of the metal in microchannels. Applying a reductive potential to the metal removes the oxide in the presence of electrolyte and induces capillary behavior; we call this behavior “recapillarity” because of the importance of electrochemical reduction to the process. Recapillarity can repeatably toggle on and off capillary behavior by applying voltage, which is useful for controlling the withdrawal of metal from microchannels. This paper explores the mechanism of withdrawal and identifies the applied current as the key factor dictating the withdrawal velocity. Experimental observations suggest that this current may be necessary to reduce the oxide on the leading interface of the metal as well as the oxide sandwiched between the wall of the microchannel and the bulk liquid metal. The ability to control the shape and position of a metal using an applied voltage may prove useful for shape reconfigurable electronics, optics, transient circuits, and microfluidic components.     

HPLC-TOFMS测定NG/TEGDN中的丙三醇二硝酸酯

应用高效液相色谱飞行时间质谱联用技术( HPLC-TOFMS)测定了丙三醇三硝酸酯(NG)/二缩三乙二醇二硝酸酯( TEGDN)混合硝酸酯中的杂质丙三醇二硝酸酯.色谱条件为Gemini5 μC-18色谱柱、55/45 (V/V)的甲醇/水流动相;质谱采集模式为电喷雾源负离子方式.结果表明:丙三醇二硝酸酯来源于NG,它存...     

Asymmetric Soft-Structure Functional Surface for Intelligent Liquids’ Distinction,Transportation, and Reaction Mixer

Structured surfaces have attracted wide attention because of their great potential in directional transport, liquid collection or separation, microfluidics, etc. However, it remains a big challenge to design a surface that can distinguish various liquids, utilize their inherent properties to control their transportation, and realize functional applications. Herein, it is presented an asymmetric soft-structure functional surface (ASFS) with arrayed curvature units that can make the Laplace pressure as a driving force to determine the preferential spreading direction and show abundant transport behaviors for liquids with different surface tensions. With good deformability, the proposed ASFS can directionally transport liquids along complex terrains, e.g., 1D-tilted, 2D-curved, and 3D-helical trajectories. It is also demonstrated that the ASFS can achieve synchronous or asynchronous liquid mixing by choosing appropriate liquids. Moreover, the intelligent response ability allows the ASFS to be a portable contact angle discriminator. This study proposes a new strategy to manipulate liquids via their intrinsic properties and opens new avenues for application-oriented liquid operation surfaces.     

A Visible and Near-Infrared Light-Fueled Omnidirectional Twist-Bend Crawling Robot

In recent years, although light-driven soft actuators have attracted intense scientific attention and achieved remarkable progress, the design and construction of an intelligent robotic system with maneuverability, self-adaptability, untethered control, and greater freedom of action, in particular the omnidirectional motion capability on a plane, remains challenging. Herein, four types of photo-thermal fillers and an unprecedented twist-bend actuation mode is introduced into a liquid crystal elastomer-based soft robot. The obtained twist-bend crawling robot not only exhibits in situ rotation, four-way turning, and four-way linear motion under light irradiation with four wavelength bands (520, 655, 808, and 980 nm), but also demonstrates the ability to avoid obstacles in complex geographical environments. This work may bring a new perspective for fabrication and development of soft robots that can adapt to dynamic and complex environmental conditions.     

激光快速成形过程中熔池形态的演化

采用高速摄影技术对激光快速成形过程中液态熔池的形成及其演化过程进行了实时观察。结果发现,以一定速度向前运动的激光束辐照基材时,基材表面开始熔化并形成液态熔池,经过一个较短的时间间隔(约1．0 s)后熔池深度增大至一定值,熔池长度则围绕一恒定值波动。以恒定送粉率向熔池中连续送进金属粉末时,熔池的长度和宽度逐渐减小,熔池寿命缩短。同时熔池后沿不断抬高即熔覆层厚度不断增加,最大熔深处熔池自由表面法向和激光束轴线之间的夹角由几度逐渐增大到20°～30°左右。熔池自由表面发生周期性的变化,实验观察到熔池后沿有周期性的“岛状凸起”出现和消失现象。数值计算结果证实这主要是熔池中熔体在表面张力梯度下引起的强制对流作用的结果。     

MIM有源薄膜器件及阵列的基础研究

本文详细分析了MIM有源薄膜器件及阵列的工作原理、工艺过程和器件性能.根据一种液晶有源薄膜器件阵列设计模型,设计和研制出了MIM单管性能和实验用7×5象素MIM有源矩阵液晶显示板.此显示板具有显示一定图形的功能.     

显示器件用液晶材料及其特性

由于向列相液晶的单轴光学性质并具有相当低的粘度而被广泛应用于显示器件。已合成多种类型液晶化合物,并采取多种液晶化合物混合配方,从而获得了实用的显示器件液晶材料。本文综述用于显示器件的向列相液晶材料的发展和类型,着重介绍近年来开发的新型材料,并对其特性进行分析和评价。     

液晶显示用 a-Si TFT 有源矩阵制作技术

本文通过对液晶显示用α-Si TFT 的工作原理、工作特性分析,讨论了α-Si TFT 有源矩阵结构设计和汇线电阻、电容对α-Si TFT-LCD 的影响。介绍了α-Si TFT 有源矩阵的制作工艺。     

液晶电视用作图像编/解码实时光学相关滤波器

文章介绍了一种一维光学相关器,在其傅里叶平面内,将液晶电视（ Ｌ Ｃ Ｔ Ｖ） 编码成单极二元纯位相滤波器用于图像实时编码或解码。给出了初步光学实验结果     

高温显示液晶的合成

以４－ｎ－戊基三联苯为原料,与草酰氯在无水三氯化铝催化下反应得到烷基三联苯酰氯,经过氨解,脱水反应制得４－ｎ－戊基－４′－氰基三联苯。研究了反应条件,反应总收率由文献的３０．６％提高到５１．９％。用红外、质谱和元素分析确证了化学结构;经ＤＳＣ测试,其液晶相温度范围为１３１．０～２３９．５℃。