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61.
Simultaneous HPLC quantification of total cholesterol,tocopherols and β-carotene in Barrosã-PDO veal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
José A. Mestre Prates Mário A. Gonçalves Quaresma Rui J. Branquinho Bessa Carlos M.G. Andrade Fontes Cristina M.P. Mateus Alfaia 《Food chemistry》2006
A simple, rapid and sensitive procedure for the simultaneous determination of total cholesterol, tocopherols and β-carotene in meat is described. The method involves a direct saponification of the meat, a single n-hexane extraction and the analysis of the extracted compounds by normal-phase HPLC, using fluorescence (tocopherols) and UV–Vis photodiode array (cholesterol and β-carotene) detections in tandem. Rates of recovery of spiked meat samples were 93% for cholesterol, 83–86% for (α-, β- and -γ) tocopherols and 89% for β-carotene. Repeatabilities were high (CV < 6%) for all determined compounds, except for δ-tocopherol. This tocopherol, which is not usually present in meat, showed a much lower recovery percentage (73%) and repeatability (12.8%). This methodology was applied for the quantification of total cholesterol, tocopherols and β-carotene in three muscles (longissimus thoracis, longissimus lumborum and semitendinosus) of the Portuguese traditional Barrosã-PDO veal, obtained from autochthonous calves fed extensively during summer (with the least abundant green pastures) and slaughtered in early autumn (October). Barrosã-PDO veal showed median contents of total cholesterol (0.50–0.56 mg/g) and, depending on the analysed muscle, moderate to high contents of α-tocopherol (3.3–3.9 μg/g) and β-carotene (0.07–0.09 μg/g), suggesting an high sensorial and hygienic quality. 相似文献
62.
Yun Zhang Xirong Huang Yuezhong Li 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(9):1230-1235
BACKGROUND: [bmim][PF6] is a hydrophobic ionic liquid which could be considered as an environmentally friendly solvent for biocatalysis. In pure [bmim][PF6], however, alcohol dehydrogenase from yeast (YADH) has no catalytic activity. The aim of the present work was (1) to quantitatively study the negative effect of [bmim][PF6] on the catalytic activity of YADH and the related mechanism and (2) to made an attempt to lessen the negative effect of [bmim][PF6] on YADH by microemulsifying [bmim][PF6]. RESULTS: The activity of YADH in the homogeneous solution formed by H2O, CH3CH2OH and [bmim][PF6] decreased rapidly with the increase of the molar fraction of [bmim][PF6]. The inhibitory effect of [bmim][PF6] on YADH was probably caused by the competition of the imidazole group of [bmim][PF6] with the coenzyme NAD+ for the binding sites on YADH. In a water‐in‐[bmim][PF6] microemulsion, YADH was catalytically active due to the formation of the interfacial membrane of the nonionic surfactant TritonX‐100, which separated YADH from [bmim][PF6] and avoided the direct inactivation of [bmim][PF6] on YADH. Under optimal conditions, the activity of YADH was as high as 51 µmol L?1 min?1. CONCLUSION: [bmim][PF6] was an inhibitor of YADH and its negative effect on YADH could be lessened by its microemulsification. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
63.
In industrial fluid cokers the feedstock, consisting of heavy bituminous hydrocarbons, is atomized with steam and injected into a hot fluidized bed of coke. Good and uniform contact of the liquid droplets with the solid particles is required to provide heat for the cracking reactions while minimizing mass transfer effects. Experiments in a pilot plant coker have suggested that the initial particle/liquid mixing, in the spray jet, is rather poor. Experiments in a X-ray scanner showed that liquid droplets and entrained particles accumulate just below the tip of the jet plume to form agglomerates.An experimental technique was used to quantitatively determine the quality of mixing with a variety of nozzle configurations including several novel designs. By improving spray stability, redistributing liquid droplets to the solids-rich region of the jet and increasing the surface area of the gas-liquid jet-fluidized bed interface, liquid/solid contact is improved. 相似文献
64.
Defeng Wu Yisheng Zhang Lanfeng Wu Lifeng Jin Ming Zhang Weidong Zhou Changhao Yan 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2008,108(3):1934-1941
Polyarylene ether nitriles (PEN)/thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP) blend was prepared via melt mixing. The immiscible phase morphologies, linear and nonlinear, as well as transient viscoelastic properties of the blend were studied using SEM, rheometer, and DMA. The linear dynamic viscoelastic behavior of the blend shows temperature dependence due to further evolution of the immiscible morphology and, as a result, the principle of time‐temperature superposition (TTS) is invalid. In the steady shear flow, the discrete TLCP phase is difficult to be broken up because of the high viscosity ratio of the blend systems, while is easy to be coarsened and followed by elongation, and finally, to form fibrous morphology at high TLCP content and high shear level. During this morphological evolution process, the transient stress response presents step increase and nonzero residual relaxation behavior, leading to increase of the dynamic viscoelastic responses after steady preshear. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
65.
Two series of semiflexible random thermotropic copolymers containing 8‐(3‐hydroxy phenyl) octanoic acid (HPOA) with either 3‐chloro‐4‐hydroxy benzoic acid or 3,5‐dibromo‐4‐hydroxy benzoic acid were prepared by melt polycondensation techniques. The copolyesters were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dilute solution viscometry, hot‐stage polarized light microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction. Studies revealed that the amount of HPOA as a disruptor incorporated into the backbone of substituted 4‐hydroxy benzoic acids had a detrimental effect on the liquid‐crystalline behavior. Mesophase‐transition temperatures were observed between 210 and 250°C, and the optical textures were of typical nematic phases. The degree of crystallinity decreased with an increase in the HPOA content. The thermal stability of the copolymers was in the range of 310–370°C. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008 相似文献
66.
A method of current drive with Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequency (ICRF) on Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokomak (EAST) is described. A variety of liquid silicon oil heights in the phase shifter will bring the phase difference to the current drive. It is found that the current drive can be achieved by using the phase shifter. The liquid phase shifter is one of the impedance matching systems too. 相似文献
67.
从理论上分析了液碱对阴树脂再生度的影响。通过两种不同纯度的液碱再生阴树脂的实际运行经济指标统计分析,说明用高纯度液碱再生阴树脂,可提高树脂的工作交换容量和周期制水量,有很好的经济效益。 相似文献
68.
Dynamics of the explosive growth of a vapor bubble in microgravity is investigated by direct numerical simulation. A front tracking/finite difference technique is used to solve for the velocity and the temperature field in both phases and to account for inertia, viscosity, and surface deformation. The method is validated by comparison of the numerical results with the available analytical formulations such as the evaporation of a one-dimensional liquid/vapor interface, frequency of oscillations of capillary waves, and other numerical results. Evolution of a three-dimensional vapor nucleus during explosive boiling is followed and a fine scale structure similar to experimental results is observed. Two-dimensional simulations yield a similar qualitative instability growth. 相似文献
69.
E. Gorges L. M. Raez A. Schillings I. Egry 《International Journal of Thermophysics》1996,17(5):1163-1172
Electromagnetic levitation is a useful tool for measuring thermophysical properties of high-temperature melts such as liquid metals. Due to its noncontact nature, the undercooled regime is also accessible. Density and thermal expansion of a levitated drop can be derived from volume measurements, if its mass is known. Assuming cylindrical symmetry, the volume of a drop can be determined from its cross section. Using photography, such measurements on liquid metals have been performed in the past. Here we present an improvement of this method, which replaces the photographic camera with a CCD videocamera and subsequent digital image processing. This reduces the time effect required to obtain the results and allows one to average over disturbing surface oscillations. The specific problems of digital image processing, namely resolution and edge detection, are addressed and results on nickel are presented.Paper presented at the Fourth International Workshop on Subsecond Thermophysics, June 27–29, 1991, Köln, Germany. 相似文献
70.
垂直定向液晶光阀及光电特性的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
系统地讨论了排列相畸变模式液晶光阀结构,原理和制作,结合实际测试对其等效电路和电学匹配进行了分析,详细讨论了它的光电特性及相互关系,实测的液晶垂直排列方式工作的液晶光阀性能指标为,分辨率大于50lp/mm,白光输入灵敏度为6.77μW/cm^2,响应时间为200ms/300ms,白光输出对比度为200:1。 相似文献