Fast response fringe‐field switching mode liquid crystal development for shutter glass 3D

A type of fast response time (RT) liquid crystal (LC) was developed to adopt in fringe‐field switching (FFS) mode for shutter glass 3D display device, the average gray to gray level (GTG) RT can reduce from 7.43 ms to 4.48 ms at a refreshing rate of 60 Hz, and the transmittance can increase by 15.4% compared with conventional LC based on the same cell gap. Meanwhile, the correlation among optical efficiency, correlative color temperature (CCT) of module and retardation of LC for FFS mode was studied. Transmittance is proportional to the retardation of LC; however, the CCT is inversely proportional to the retardation. The fast response LC can keep almost the original optical efficiency and CCT.     

Reducing cache and TLB power by exploiting memory region and privilege level semantics

The L1 cache in today’s high-performance processors accesses all ways of a selected set in parallel. This constitutes a major source of energy inefficiency: at most one of the N fetched blocks can be useful in an N-way set-associative cache. The other N-1 cachelines will all be tag mismatches and subsequently discarded.We propose to eliminate unnecessary associative fetches by exploiting certain software semantics in cache design, thus reducing dynamic power consumption. Specifically, we use memory region information to eliminate unnecessary fetches in the data cache, and ring level information to optimize fetches in the instruction cache. We present a design that is performance-neutral, transparent to applications, and incurs a space overhead of mere 0.41% of the L1 cache.We show significantly reduced cache lookups with benchmarks including SPEC CPU, SPECjbb, SPECjAppServer, PARSEC, and Apache. For example, for SPEC CPU 2006, the proposed mechanism helps to reduce cache block fetches from the data and instruction caches by an average of 29% and 53% respectively, resulting in power savings of 17% and 35% in the caches, compared to the aggressively clock-gated baselines.     

坡耕地小区坡面不同坡段侵蚀泥沙贡献率的7Be示踪研究

侵蚀泥沙来源的研究对深化侵蚀规律的认识,优化水土保持措施的配置等有重要的意义。本文利用7Be示踪技术结合传统的土壤侵蚀研究方法,通过建立不同坡度的径流小区,分别探讨了坡耕地小区坡面不同坡段片蚀、细沟侵蚀对侵蚀泥沙的贡献率及小区泥沙输移比。研究发现,片蚀主要发生在小区坡面距坡顶0～2m区域,占总片蚀量的60%以上,细沟侵蚀主要发生在小区坡面距坡顶2～5m区域,占总细沟侵蚀总量的75%以上,总体而言,侵蚀泥沙主要来源于小区坡面距坡顶1～4m区域,上部和下部泥沙贡献相对较小。对于降雨强度高的15°小区,片蚀泥沙几乎来自与全坡面,坡面不同坡段对总侵蚀泥沙的贡献率从坡顶向坡脚呈增加趋势。利用7Be示踪计算出各小区泥沙输移比在0.643～0.979之内,除5°小区外,其它小区泥沙输移比都大于0.9。     

Links between type E botulism outbreaks, lake levels, and surface water temperatures in Lake Michigan, 1963-2008

Relationships between large-scale environmental factors and the incidence of type E avian botulism outbreaks in Lake Michigan were examined from 1963 to 2008. Avian botulism outbreaks most frequently occurred in years with low mean annual water levels, and lake levels were significantly lower in outbreak years than in non-outbreak years. Mean surface water temperatures in northern Lake Michigan during the period when type E outbreaks tend to occur (July through September) were significantly higher in outbreak years than in non-outbreak years. Trends in fish populations did not strongly correlate with botulism outbreaks, although botulism outbreaks in the 1960s coincided with high alewife abundance, and recent botulism outbreaks coincided with rapidly increasing round goby abundance. Botulism outbreaks occurred cyclically, and the frequency of outbreaks did not increase over the period of record. Climate change scenarios for the Great Lakes predict lower water levels and warmer water temperatures. As a consequence, the frequency and magnitude of type E botulism outbreaks in the Great Lakes may increase.     

南四湖湖区水文站网水准系统研究

近年来南四湖水量调度中,各站水位出现了不合理现象,直接影响湖区洪水分析计算及调度决策.为查找出现不合理现象原因,进行了湖区水准系统勘测,根据测量成果,按照有关规范进行了分析研究,得出了湖区各站点高程系统变动情况的结论,为湖区各站点水准基面高程的修正提供了依据.     

防潮设计水位计算方法研究

对目前我国水利水电工程有关规范中规定的防潮设计水位计算方法进行了总结和归纳,并根据我国海岸工程和河口工程的不同情况和洪潮组合方式对沿海地区的设计潮(洪)水位计算方法进行了研究。     

基于GPRS的河套灌区流量测量遥控系统研究

针对河套灌区流量测量特点,提出了以GPRS无线通信技术为数据传输平台,利用超声波测流法测量明渠流量的方案.超声波测流硬件主要由智能仪表、流速传感器和液位传感器等组成.流速传感器和液位传感器能够实时采集现场数据,智能仪表对传感器采集到的数据进行底层处理,并通过GPRS模块上传给监控中心上位机.上位机对接收到的数据进行分析和处理,根据分析和处理的结果对现场仪器仪表进行控制,从而实现灌区流量管理系统的远程遥控.该系统建设成本较低,相对误差较小,可满足明渠测流的精度要求,且实时性好、可靠性高.     

小浪底水电站水轮发电机组原型效率试验

介绍了小浪底水电站1号机组现场效率试验的方案、试验参数测量方法,通过压力—时间法对蜗壳压差流量系数进行了率定,得到了水轮机绝对流量,实现了现场绝对效率的测量。实测得到的效率曲线和模型换算得到的效率曲线一致性较好,说明实测效率曲线的分布趋势真实反映了水轮机的能量特性。     

液滴冲击流动液膜的格子Boltzmann模拟

采用单相格子Boltzmann方法模拟了二维液滴冲击流动液膜的含自由面的流动过程。由定义的质量与密度的比例系数来追踪气液自由面的变化。表面张力通过计算界面格点处作用在流体上的汽液相间作用力加入到模型中。数值模拟了速度比(液膜流动速度与液滴撞击速度的比值)和液膜相对厚度(液膜实际厚度与液滴直径的比值)不同时,液滴冲击流动液膜的过程。与液滴冲击静止液膜时的计算结果和理论分析结果进行对比,分析了液滴冲击流动液膜后产生的流动现象及其内在机理,产生的水花的铺展半径和溅起高度随时间的变化规律,并讨论了飞溅产生条件。     

三峡水库蓄水期城陵矶与长沙站水位关系分析

为了解三峡水库蓄水期间城陵矶与长沙水位的关系,通过建立洞庭湖城陵矶站不同水位与湘江长沙站水位流量相关关系,分析城陵矶站对长沙水位的影响.根据MIKE11水动力学模型,分析计算枯水期长江干流宜昌站、湘江湘潭站不同来水条件下城陵矶、长沙水位及其相关关系,进而分析了三峡水库蓄水期不同因素对长沙站水位的影响情况,认为在2008...