Change of the amorphous state by heat treatment below the glass transition temperature

This study was undertaken to elucidate the state of a polymer in the amorphous state through a change of motion of the molecular chain caused by heat treatment below the glass transition temperature. From dielectric measurements of amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) heat-treated below T_g, it was found that the average relaxation time, the distribution of relaxation time and the dielectric strength increase with increase of heat treatment. From these results, it was concluded that the amorphous state becomes more random by heat treatment.     

I3WSN: Industrial Intelligent Wireless Sensor Networks for indoor environments

Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) technologies have been successfully applied to a great variety of outdoor scenarios but, in practical terms, little effort has been applied for indoor environments, and even less in the field of industrial applications. This article presents an intelligent SWE application for an indoor and industrial scenario, with the aim of improving and increasing the levels of human safety. The base low-level architecture is built on top of wireless sensor networks (WSN) connected to a Sensor Observation Service (SOS). Higher layers in the architecture include services that make real time decisions based on the collected data. Both simulation and experimental results are presented. The paper shows the viability of our approach in terms of performance, scalability, modularity and safety.     

泄水建筑物下游冲刷坑二维数值模拟

对巨亭水电站泄水建筑物下游局部冲刷过程进行了二维数值模拟。采用RNG k-ε湍流模型封闭N-S方程、有限体积法在计算网格上离散求解、VOF方法追踪自由水面;采用C语言编写用户自定义函数,以泥沙起动切应力作为床面泥沙起动判别标准,通过分析比较水流剪切力与泥沙起动切应力大小,用以控制冲刷坑底部边界变化;采用局部重构模型和弹簧光顺模型更新计算区域和网格质量,藉以模拟和追踪局部冲刷坑边界变化。研究表明,模拟结果与实测资料符合良好。在冲刷坑的冲刷过程中,床面剪切应力随着冲刷的进程急剧减小,湍动能随着冲刷的进程减小缓慢;床面剪切应力和湍动能沿程变化均较为剧烈,床面剪切应力沿程先增大后减小,床面湍动能则沿程减小。冲刷坑的纵向平衡形态或床面泥沙起动主要决定于床面剪切应力,床面湍动能对泥沙起动也具有重要影响。     

Imaging and probing catalytic surface reactions on the nanoscale: Field Ion Microscopy and atom-probe studies of O2–H2/Rh and NO–H2/Pt

We present dynamic studies of surface reactions using video-Field Ion Microscopy (FIM) along with Pulsed Field Desorption Mass Spectrometry (PFDMS). Catalytic water formation is followed using rhodium and platinum 3D field emitter crystals for the oxidation of hydrogen with either oxygen (Rh) or NO (Pt). Strongly non-linear dynamics are observed with nanoscale spacial resolution. For both reactions quasi-oscillatory behaviour exists under certain conditions of temperatures and partial pressures. An influence of the probing electric field is observed and possibly essential in establishing oscillatory behaviour. Local chemical probing of selected surface areas with up to 400 atomic surface sites proves catalytic water formation to take place. Since water ions (H₂O⁺/H₃O⁺) cause image formation of the O₂–H₂ reaction on Rh, respective videos provide space-time resolved information on the catalytically active sites. Atom-probe data also reveal that the surface of the Rh sample reversibly switches from a metallic to an oxidized state during oscillations. As to the NO–H₂ reaction on Pt, fast ignition phenomena are observed to precede wave fronts. After catalytic water formation, NO molecules diffuse into emptied areas and cause high image brightness. Depending on the size of the Pt crystal, the reaction may ignite in planes or kinked ledges along the <100> zone lines. Thus FIM provides clear experimental evidence that kinks are more reactive than steps in the catalytic NO + H₂ reaction. Pt surface oxidation occurs and has probably been underestimated in previous FIM studies.     

局部应力分析中两个问题的讨论

容器上的局部结构承受外加载荷时，需要对该局部结构的强度进行评定。本文通过分析后指出，针对局部应力评定的强度条件应根据载荷的种类和性质确定。另外，本文通过实例说明，当进行管系应力分析，从而确定接管施加于容器上的载荷时，接管与容器连接处的柔度对该处载荷值和管道中的最大弯矩值都会有很大影响，在设计中考虑该柔度对设计的安全性和经济性都是有意义的。     

面向图像局部重建的梯度分析

在基于场方向导数的图像局部区域重建过程中,梯度计算对图像边缘的重建效果有很大影响。分析选择单向计算梯度分量的必要性,提出梯度计算的就近原则,对参与梯度分量单向计算的相邻点设置优先级,将缺损点与已知点之间的边缘特征反映在已知点的梯度中,进而影响重建过程,从而实现对图像中边缘特征的重建。实验结果表明,采用该梯度计算模式能有效改善对图像边缘特征的重建效果。     

联合 LTP 和 LPQ 的人脸识别方法

提出一种联合局部三值模式（LTP）和局部相位量化（LPQ）的人脸识别方法,该方法首先对预处理后的人脸分别采用LTP算子、LPQ算子提取各自的直方图,然后,通过特征选择将两者联合为LTP＿LPQ直方图,最后通过最近邻分类器进行分类识别。在ORL和YALE标准人脸数据库上的实验表明,该方法能有效地提高人脸的识别率。     

改进的局域均值分解在机械故障诊断中的应用

为了准确地提取出故障特征,把局域均值分解算法应用于机械故障振动信号的特征提取中.然而在对信号进行局域均值分解时,由于端点的趋势无法预知,在分解时会污染到整个信号序列,而且滑动平均造成了信号的过平滑处理,导致故障特征不能准确地提取.采用波形匹配解决端点处信号的走势,之后再利用线性插值求得信号的局域均值函数与包络函数,通过在Matlab环境下仿真调幅信号验证了该算法在端点处能很好的保持原有信号的特征;并采用实际的机械振动信号进行实验验证,引入端点效应评价指标,根据分解后的生产函数与原信号的相关系数验证了改进的局域均值分解更能准确地提取故障特征.     

论局域网的安全防范

网络技术、通信技术和计算机技术的突飞猛进使得很多的企业单位、机关部门和学校搭建了属于自己的局域网.信息安全问题是局域网实际应用过程中最受关注的问题.本文阐述了局域网安全的内涵和意义,分析了目前局域网安全防范中存在的问题,并根据笔者的实际经验给出了有效增强局域网安全防范的相关建议.