Effects of mixing techniques and dentin moisture conditions on push-out bond strength of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine

Objective: To evaluate the influence of manual and mechanical mixing techniques as well as the effects of moisture on the push-out bond strength of ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK, USA) and Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fosses, France) to radicular dentin.

Material and methods: Two hundred and forty dentin discs were assigned into three groups with respect to the moisture condition tested: (1) dry, (2) paper points, (3) wet. The discs were further divided into four subgroups according to the calcium silicate cements (CSCs) and mixing techniques used: (1) ProRoot MTA mixed manually, (2) ProRoot MTA mixed mechanically, (3) Biodentine mixed manually, and (4) Biodentine mixed mechanically. Bond strengths of the cements to root canal dentin were measured using a push-out test setup. The data were statistically analyzed using three-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test p = 0.05.

Results: The data indicated that the push-out bond strength values were significantly affected by CSCs, mixing techniques, and moisture conditions (p < 0.001). Dry conditions caused a significant decrease in bond strength values for both CSCs (p < 0.001). The mean bond strength of Biodentine was significantly higher than that of ProRoot MTA, regardless of the mixing techniques and moisture conditions (p < 0.001). Mechanical mixing favored bond strength values statistically compared to manual mixing (p < .001).

Conclusion: The mixing techniques and moisture conditions have an effect on the push-out bond strengths of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine. Dry samples and manual mixing of cements deteriorate the push-out bond strengths values.     

一种新颖的DW 50型万能式断路器手动操作机构

由上海电器科学研究所(集团)有限公司组织有关企业共同开发了新型的DW50-1000万能式断路器.介绍了该断路器的特点、性能指标以及主要技术参数.断路器具有一种新颖的手动操作机构,能确保DW50断路器在主触头闭合时不会再储能,而在主触头断开时能正常储能.     

虚拟仪表在实践教学中的应用研究

虚拟仪器作为一种先进的实验仪器和全新的科学研究方法影响着各行各业。虚拟仪器可以在实验教学上得到有效的应用,并以其独特的优势成为今后实验教学改革的重要方向。本文在《热工测量及仪表》课程的实践教学中对虚拟仪器的使用做了一些探讨,以希望提高教师的工作效率并改进学生的学习方式。     

Design of hydraulic shift mechanism for AMT vehicles based on the collaborative optimization method

Based on multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO), a new design method is put forward for hydraulic shift mechanism of heavy-duty vehicle automated manual transmission (AMT). Taking a shift cylinder for example, the collaborative optimization (CO) method for the design problem of a cylinder is devided into one system level design optimization problem and three subsystem level design optimization problems. The system level is an economic model and the subsystem level is mechanics, kinetics, and a reliability model. Application of the multidisciplinary design optimization software iSIGHT modeling and solving, optimal solution of the shifting cylinder CO model is obtained. According to the optimal solution, oil cylinders are machined out and installed on the gearbox of an AMT system for the bench cycle shift test. The results show that the output force and action speed of the optimized mechanism can meet requirements very well. In addition, the optimized mechanism has a better performance compared to the structure of the traditional design method, which indicates that the CO method can optimize the design of hydraulic transmission.     

Shifting force control of an AMT heavy-duty truck based on manual shift test

Taking a heavy-duty truck as a research platform, the changing characteristics of shifting force, shift time, and slipping work are obtained through theoretical analysis and manual shift test of a real vehicle. Based on the analysis of the test results, a gear-shifting control strategy of the hydraulic automated shift control system is designed and experimentally verified on the bench. By optimizing the control parameters of high-speed switching valves, a control strategy and parameters are obtained, which can meet the requirements of dynamic performance and reliability.     

关于一类矩阵的方幂

利用矩阵的Jordan标准形及其谱σ（A）,给出一类方阵及其和、积的m次幂的通项公式,并给出相似变换矩阵的简便求法。     

前向人工神经网络模型用于时间序列分析

介绍前向人工神经网络模型，并与传统的统计学线性模型进行比较。为了适应时间序列变量的特点，对逆传播模型进行了改进，并对太阳黑子活动的观察值这一典型的时间序列进行了分析，并检验了模型的预测能力，取得了较好的结果     

AMT换档质量试验评价体系

通过对AMT车辆的换档过程建模,明确了AMT车辆换档过程的特征。依据换档特征、换档质量评价的要求与车辆行驶工况建立了完整的AMT评价的试验体系。通过评价试验系统,可以对AMT车辆的换档性能进行完整合理的解析,从而为正确评价车辆的换档品质奠定基础。     

原料上料系统自动化控制的改造实施

某水泥厂建厂时,在原料上料系统流程上采用了传统的机旁手动操作方式。几年来,手动操作控制逐渐显露出很多弊端,于是将手动按钮启停控制更换为机旁优先的自动控制方式。详细介绍了自动控制方式的实施方案和控制原理,系统改造后,画面友好、操作简单、控制灵活,改造效果良好。     

电能量采集及计费自动化系统的应用分析

当前的人工抄表和计算已很难适应电能统计和结算的要求,致使能够满足电网商业化运营的电量计费系统应运而生。介绍了电能量采集及计费自动化系统的用途、数据流和功能。