战略性新兴产业创新空间格局及影响因素研究——以湖南省为例

应用ArcGIS软件,选取2010年、2016年两个时间节点,用空间核密度、空间自相关、地理探测器等方法,分析了湖南省战略性新兴产业技术创新的空间分布与集聚特征,结果表明:湖南省战略性新兴产业创新活动整体呈现"东北多,西南少"的分布态势,空间集聚分布特征明显,长株潭城市群为空间热点与核心区域;专利数量空间核密度分布存在明显的"区域差异",具体表现为大面积的块状分布和小面积的零星核分布并存;湖南省战略性新兴产业创新空间分布主要受科学研究和技术服务业单位数、人均GDP、固定资产投资、农业机械总动力、消费品零售总额、卫生技术人员数等因素的影响。     

近终型金属铸造模具制造工艺设计分析与应用

近终型制模技术，可以缩短制模周期、降低生产成本。本文介绍近终型技术在制模工艺实际中的应用概况。并举出实例，指出近终型制模技术可以提高生产效率，快捷地制造出各种复杂的零件/金属模具，该技术有着广阔的应用前景。     

中国熔模精密铸造展望

中国熔模精密铸造近10年来得到较大发展：2001年总产量达到27．4万t，总产约47．8亿元，占世界总产值的8％。需要做的工作：提高产品档次、增加合金种类、扩大企业规模和加强管理水平。     

基于时间序列模式表示的异常检测算法*

提出了一种基于时间序列的模式表示提取时间序列异常值的异常检测算法(PREOV).时间序列的模式表示本身就具有压缩数据、保持时间序列基本形态的功能,并且具有一定的除噪能力.在时间序列模式表示的基础上提取异常值,可以大大提高算法的效率和准确性,达到事半功倍的效果.在本算法中,还使用了一定的剪枝策略,使得算法的时间复杂度进一步降低.该算法计算简单、实现方便、无须训练,可以支持时间序列的动态增长.     

Developing a talent training model related to chemical process safety based on interdisciplinary education in China

While chemical industrial development in China is growing rapidly, the corresponding safety training resources remain inadequate, which may often lead to increased risk of chemical accidents. These accidents are often associated with the negligence of safety management, poor safety hazard awareness, and lack of safety practice. In order to alleviate these prominent risk factors in chemical industries in China, our study develops a talent training model related to chemical process safety. First, we propose an approach for establishing the “talent training model” related to chemical process safety, consisting of three steps: analyzing the current status and existing problems of talent training related to chemical process safety, determining the theoretical basis and training objectives for developing interdisciplinary talents, and designing a new talent training model. Second, we establish a talent training model using the proposed method, which includes a comprehensive curriculum system, a diversified teaching pattern, and a quintuple evaluation method. Furtherly, we determine the expected outcomes of the talent training model. The research results provide an innovative chemical process safety training method that is applicable nationwide, also it works as a reference for other rapidly developing countries in the chemical process industry to improve safety within the chemical industry.     

先进控制技术在波浪发电系统中的应用

由于波浪储量丰富,具有随机性,如何控制波能转换系统捕获最大波能和控制并网电能质量成为波浪发电的核心问题。简述了波能转换装置实现最大波能捕获的方法,综述了滑模变结构控制、自适应控制、最优控制、智能算法、模糊控制、无源控制在控制最大波能捕获以及改善电能质量方面的研究成果。并提出未来的控制算法应是多种先进控制算法相结合。     

城市街道分水口对洪水流态转换过程影响研究

随着城市化进程加快和全球气候变化加剧,城市洪涝灾害频发。研究城市街道的行洪特征,掌握城市建筑物对洪水流动的影响机理,对城市洪涝灾害治理具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。本文开展了城市建筑物对洪水运动影响的物理模型试验,在街道两侧布设分水口模拟建筑物不连续的分流效果,分析分水口位置及流量变化对洪水流态转化及水跃形态的影响。观测上游来流量变化、分水口位置等因素对洪水从急流向缓流过渡时的动力特征的影响,包括水跃发生位置、水跃形态转变、水跃漩滚长度、跃前和跃后水深比及分流比等。     

Mold-filling characteristics of AZ91 magnesium alloy in the low-pressure expendable pattern casting process

The magnesium (Mg) alloy low-pressure expendable pattern casting (EPC) process is a newly developed casting technique combining the advantages of both EPC and low-pressure casting. In this article, metal filling and the effect of the flow quantity of inert gas on the filling rate in the low-pressure EPC process are investigated. The results showed that the molten Mg alloy filled the mold cavity with a convex front laminar flow and the metal-filling rate increased significantly with increasing flow quantity when flow quantity was below a critical value. However, once the flow quantity exceeded a critical value, the filling rate increased slightly. The influence of the flow quantity of inert gas on melt-filling rate reveals that the mold fill is controlled by flow quantity for a lower filling rate, and, subsequently, controlled by the evaporation of polystyrene and the evaporation products for higher metal velocity. Meanwhile, the experimental results showed that the melt-filling rate significantly affected the flow profile, and the filling procedure for the Mg alloy in the low-pressure EPC process. A slower melt-filling rate could lead to misrun defects, whereas a higher filling rate results in folds, blisters, and porosity. The optimized filling rate with Mg alloy casting is 140 to 170 mm/s in low-pressure EPC.     

基于粗轧镰刀弯的精轧跑偏预控模型及应用

带钢热轧跑偏问题是影响带钢生产与板形质量的重要因素。轧制生产过程中,由于粗轧中间坯头部弯曲导致的精轧堆钢事故频发,不仅严重危害生产稳定性,还造成资源的严重浪费和企业的经济损失。为了解决上述问题,针对粗轧非对称板形影响因素,结合实测粗轧中间坯以及工艺过程数据,建立中间坯头部预控模型,并利用加权最小二乘法与模型自学习对模型增益系数进行优化,最终建立了基于粗轧镰刀弯的精轧跑偏预控模型。将模型计算值应用于现场生产后,有效降低了精轧带钢头部跑偏,具有较好的参考价值和指导意义。     

晶化机制与激活能的晶化速率参比法确定

本文根据修正的Kissinger公式提出一种确定非晶材料晶化机制与激活能的最大晶化速率参比法。以Ar_(70)Cu_(30)非晶合金为例,研究了晶化机制与激活能及其与压力的关系。