Mathematical model of determination of die bearing length in design of aluminum profile extrusion die

Based on the finite element simulation of profile extrusion process, the effect of local extrusion ratio, die bearing area and the distance between extrusion cylindrical center and local die orfice center on mental flow velocity was investigated. The laws of deformed metal flow on profile extrusion process were obtained. The smaller the local extrusion ratio, the faster the metal flow velocity； the smaller the area of die bearing, the faster the metal flow velocity； the smaller the distance of position of local die orifice(the closer the distance of position of local die orifice from extrusion cylindrical axis), the faster the metal flow velocity. The effect of main parameters of die structure on metal flow velocity was integrated and the mathematical model of determination of die bearing length in design of aluminum profile extrusion die was proposed. The calculated results with proposed model were well compared withthe experimental results. The proposed model can be applied to determine die bearing length in design of aluminum profile extrusion die.     

高温形变节能热处理技术

本文介绍了高温形变热处理的意义、分类、强韧化机理和应用实例。文中指出:40Cr钢经高温自由锻淬火并高温回火后,其屈服强度、夏氏冲击韧性、断裂韧性增高,脆性转折温度降低。其原因归结于钢的淬透性增加,高温回火后球形碳化物均匀分布于铁素体基体上,形成稳定的位错网络和晶界被净化。9CrSi钢经高温自由锻形变淬火和短时球化退火,可得到理想的球化组织和切削加工硬度。经最终热处理后强度提高382MPa,冲击韧性提高一倍。性能提高的原因归结为奥氏体晶粒、马氏体组织、末溶碳化物细化,位错密度增加,孪晶马氏体分布发生改变和胞状结构的遗传等。     

平面四边形有限元网格自动生成算法的改进

本文对四节点四边形有限元网格系统的自动生成进行了深入研究。立足前人工作的基础,为解决区域的自动划分、复杂边界区域的整域一次生成、多连通域网格自动生成等问题,提出了“分段逐层生成”的新算法。进一步提高了网格再划分系统的实用性。     

Magnetoelectric voltage coefficients of magnetoelectric composites

The magnetoelectric（ME） effect of the particulate magnetostrictive/piezoelectric composite was theoretically studied. The dependence of the ME voltage coefficients on the material properties of the magnetostrictive phase was discussed. The permittivity, permeability and the elastic modulus of the magnetostrictive phase generally have obvious influences on the ME voltage coefficients. The magnetostrictive phase with a large permittivity, large permeability or stiffer modulus will respectively contribute to the higher ME voltage coefficients. For a certain kind of piezoelectric matrix, the ME voltage coefficients can be improved to some extent by choosing those magnetostrictive materials with large permittivity, permeability or high elastic modulus.     

Machining characteristics and fracture morphologies in a copper-beryllium (Cu-2Be) alloy

The technology of materials removal is improved greatly by the introduction of advanced cutting tools like cubic boron nitride, ceramics, polycrystalline diamond and the more recent whisker-reinforced materials. In this paper, the influence of cutting temperature on machinability, mechanical properties, microstructure, and fracture morphology of Cu-2Be alloy using a polycrystalline diamond cutter is investigated. The information on machining, microstructure, and fracture morphology of Cu-2Be alloy are very useful to understand their fabrication characteristics and the basic mechanisms of its deformation and fracture. The machinability (in terms of surface finish) of Cu-2Be alloy is evaluated as a function of cutting temperature, resulting from wet and dry cutting. Machining is carried out on a Hardinge Cobra 42 CNC machine (Hardinge Inc., Elmira, NY), and the machining parameters used—cutting speed, depth of cut, and feed rate—are kept constant during both wet and dry cutting. The machined surface finish on Cu-2Be alloy is measured using a surface finish analyzer (Surftest 401, series 178) technique. The machined specimens are examined for their strength and hardness properties using a standard Universal Testing Machine and Rockwell hardness tester, respectively. Wet cutting (using coolants) produced a smooth surface finish when compared with dry cutting of the Cu-2Be alloy. The machined specimens are examined for their microstructural features using a Nikon optical microscope. The specimens are etched using a suitable etchant solution for revealing such microstructure constituents as grain size, phase proportions, and the possible overheated areas (especially in dry cutting). The fractured surfaces from the tensile and impact toughness tests are investigated for their fracture morphologies (dry and wet cutting) using a microprocessor-controlled scanning electron microscope (Jeol Model JSM 5910 LV). A detailed analysis is also made to understand and interpret the basic fracture mechanisms responsible for crack initiation and crack propagation. The Cu-2Be alloy showed relatively higher mechanical properties in wet cutting in comparison to dry cutting operations. Fracture studies demonstrated intergranular and ductile fractures as dominant modes of fracture mechanisms in Cu-2Be alloy.     

原位增强体Al3Ti形成热力学及合金元素对其形貌影响

通过热力学方法分析了Al3Ti生成反应进行的可能性,探讨了Al3Ti/ZL101原位复合材料中增强相Al3Ti的形成机制,确定了增强相Al3Ti的存在及合金元素对形成亚微米尺寸增强相的影响,测定了原位复合材料的常温力学性能.研究结果表明:原位生成Al3Ti反应自发进行的趋势很大;增强相Al3Ti的形貌和尺寸受合成反应所选原材料的影响,只有在合金元素硅存在的条件下,才能产生尺寸在0.5μm左右的增强相Al3Ti;原位复合材料的常温力学性能较基体都有一定程度的提高.     

方坯软接触电磁连铸结晶器内三维电磁场的数值模拟

通过有限元法三维数值模拟，对方坯连铸软接触结晶器系统中的电磁参数进行了计算，得到磁感应强度，电磁体积力，感应涡流在分瓣结晶器系统中的分布规律，在切缝区域连铸坯表面磁感应强度较其他区域稍强，20000Hz时约为10%，由于电磁场透过切缝作用于连铸坯上，连铸坯表面受力的电磁体积力在横向较为均匀，当钢液面位于感应线圈中部时，沿拉坯方向钢液面以下附近电磁场的作用最强，然后逐渐降低。     

Au-Ni-Kovar合金系统基底元素表面偏聚的SAM和XPS研究SCIEI

本文采用SAM和XPS对实用Au-Ni-Kovar合金系统热处理样品(250—350℃,0.5—1.5h)进行了基底元素穿透Au层的表面偏聚研究,给出了这一复杂系统中Ni,Co表面偏聚机理的直观证据,即Ni,Co主要是通过晶界扩散穿透Au层而后以表面扩散覆盖镀Au表面的;表面偏聚元素化学态的研究则不仅表明,氧的吸附和氧化反应是Ni,Co表面偏聚的驱动力,而且发现,上述偏聚会引起样品表面吸水的现象。     

宝钢120 t/30 t/10 t×27.6 m 桥式起重机有限元分析

应用有限单元法及MSC·MARC有限元分析程序,从实验工况和设计工况两方面分析了已使用多年的120 t/30 t/10 t×27.6 m桥式起重机主梁桥架变形及应力分布状态,该起重机的最大挠度、VONMISES等效应力、主梁的第一阶固有频率均符合设计规范,为延长其使用寿命提供了理论依据.     

数控加工仿真系统的研究现状

介绍了数控仿真系统研究的状况,并对国内外的研究进行了比较,由此提出了数控仿真系统的发展趋势。