智能家居产品显隐融合交互设计研究

目的 在智能时代背景下,以显隐融合的思路,探索智能家居场景中新交互、新范式的转型方向。方法 以显隐式交互连续体框架为基础,结合显隐式交互的优缺点、可转化性和智能家居产品特征,进行系统整合与综合分析。结果 论证了显隐融合是当前技术困境下智能家居产品体验升维的关键途径之一,明确了显隐融合的必要性和可行性,归纳出三种显隐融合交互设计模式,以及不同交互设计模式中交互方式组合的比例,并提出了进一步融合的设计思路,包含了显隐并置、动态赋权、双向延异,以实现三种交互方式的协调合作。结论 本文提出的智能家居产品显隐融合交互设计模式和思路,回应了当前智能家居产品交互设计中存在的问题,并为推动智能交互新范式的转向提供了参考方向和研究路径。     

What causes the isolation effect?

Events that are incongruent with their prevailing context are usually very well remembered. This fact often is described as the distinctiveness effect in memory, an effect that has served as explanation not only of memory phenomena but also of various other phenomena, including social judgment. The core laboratory paradigm for studying distinctiveness in memory research has long been the isolation paradigm. This paradigm, sometimes attributed to H. von Restorff (1933), yields better memory for an item categorically isolated from surrounding items than for the surrounding items and a proper control item. The authors offer an interpretation of the isolation effect based on the analysis of the processing of similarities and differences among the items. Two experiments provide evidence for this interpretation. The results are discussed in the context of current theories of distinctiveness effects in memory. An appeal is made for a different conceptualization of distinctiveness effects, one that treats distinctiveness as a discriminative process in memory that requires processing of both similarities and differences among items. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

产品设计行为范式演化的内生因素

目的 从科学哲学的范式观点来观察产品设计行为的演化轨迹,通过案例分析范式破与立转化关键期的产品特征,探究其演化的逻辑与内生因素。方法 选取具有快速迭代并被广泛接受的行业产品设计作为案例,分析其强代表性的产品设计基本特征,利用新旧设计相互对比的分析方法,对行业范式转换期间产品迭代前后的设计行为进行分析,探究其内部各因素的相互关系。结论 设计行为中范式的转化具有内生结构动力,这种内生结构动力表现出推动式的层级关系,首先基于高维度叙事框架下的功能述求,继而推动产品行为述求与内容述求的循环,最终表现为产品的外观特征。通过对演化内生因素的分析建构产品设计行为菱形逻辑架构,为以后的产品设计行为提供参考或启示。     

工业设计视阈下的设计驱动型品牌创新范式研究

目的 探究几种典型的设计驱动型品牌的创新范式,为国内不同类型的企业转向设计驱动型品牌提供创新范式参考。方法 借助设计驱动式创新理论确定设计驱动型品牌的特征,并以此为根据判断研究对象设计驱动型品牌,再从创意来源、创意实现过程和创新成果3个方面分析不同的设计创新驱动式创新范式。结论 以鸿翼科技为代表的设计探索式创新,其创意来源于内部团队挖掘痛点,以优化产品和解决市场痛点为创新逻辑,其创意效果根据企业的创新策略而实现,其成果以硬件产品为主。以小米公司为代表的设计开放式创新,其创意来源于线上用户社群和生态链创新团队,且创意过程由研发工程师在线获取反馈信息而实现,最终创新成果主要表现为硬件产品、系统和服务。以苹果公司为代表的设计整合式创新,其创意来源于虚拟社群和技术整合,且创意过程由内部团队根据企业目标而实现,最终创新结果主要有硬件产品、软件、系统、技术和服务。     

对新时代背景下中国城市化研究的方法论思考

从中国城市化研究与当前我国城市化面临的挑战之间的非相关性出发 ,对其中蕴含的方法论根源作了思考 ,认为传统范式的存在制约了领域的研究进展。作者分析提出 ,范式是一个学术领域中的体制性存在 ,并从基本原理、‘现象’范畴、‘经验归纳’方法论三个方面对中国城市化研究的传统范式作了剖析 ,其中对城市化概念的结构性定义对于揭示后两者具有关键作用。进而 ,从国外和国内城市化研究的历史发展和传统‘背景’的方法论特征解释了传统范式形成和存在的历史、现实、理论基础 ,及因此在新的时代背景下不再有效的必然。在此基础上 ,作者对范式转换中可能存在的方法论‘陷阱’作了分析 ,最终指出 ,基于真正的因果关系的‘双向’演绎、对现实问题的切实关注、以及问题导向的范畴‘重组’应是中国城市化研究整体方法论的改进方向     

Optimization and probabilistic calibration of avalanche block models

The Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) has been performing full-scale avalanche tests at Ryggfonn in western Norway for more than 30 years. During those years, measurements from about three dozen dry-snow avalanches have provided information on front velocities and runout distances.Some of those measurements were used to evaluate “optimal parameters” for a simple avalanche model and to calibrate the model, following a well-defined probabilistic method. Traditionally, parameters of those kinds of models were evaluated from runout analysis disregarding any dynamics. The set of roughly 20 observed avalanches from one single path including, estimations of the front velocities at three points in the lower third of the track provide a unique opportunity for introducing uncertainty quantification methods for evaluating the performance of similar kinds of mass block models.We present the optimization, the model calibration and results from the model performance testing.     

一种新型程序设计范型概述

介绍了一种新型程序设计范型——生成式程序设计提出的背景和意义、概念、分类、研究概况、存在的问题以及进一步的研究方向。     

Operation compatibility: A neglected contribution to dual-task costs.

Traditionally, dual-task interference has been attributed to the consequences of task load exceeding capacity limitations. However, the current study demonstrates that in addition to task load, the mutual compatibility of the concurrent processes modulates whether 2 tasks can be performed in parallel. In 2 psychological refractory period experiments, task load and process compatibility were independently varied. In Experiment 1, participants performed 2 mental rotation tasks. Task load (rotation angle) and between-task compatibility in rotation direction were varied. Results suggest more considerable parallel execution of compatible than of incompatible operations, arguing for the need to attribute dual-task interference not only to structural but also to functional capacity limitations. Experiment 2 tested whether functional capacity limitations to dual-task performance can be caused only by demanding processes or whether they are also induced by relatively automatic processes. Results indicate that an irrelevant circular movement of Stimulus 2 interfered more with mental rotation of Stimulus 1 if the rotation directions were opposite than if they were equal. In conclusion, compatibility of concurrent processes constitutes an indispensable element in explaining dual-task performance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Internet 3A访问模式及相关技术的研究

随着计算模式的发展和变化,用户的访问模式也面临新的要求。在松散耦合和动态变化的网络资源空间里．需要给用户提供一种时间无关、空间无关和物理无关的访问机制,它被称为3A(Anytime、Anywhere、and on Any device)访问模式。该文通过分析3A访问的丰富含义和需求内容,提出Internet 3A访问模式的三个基本特征,即：持续性、移动性和适应性。并分别总结和比较了支持这三种性质的多种解决方案及相关实现技术。     

Optimal distributed power allocation for a new spectrum sharing paradigm in cognitive radio networks

The problem of power allocation in cognitive radio networks plays an important role to improve the efficiency of spectrum utilization. However, most of previous works focus on the power allocation for secondary users in spectrum sharing overlay or spectrum sharing underlay, which needs to frequently handoff between the idle spectrum bands or considers the interference constraints in all spectrum bands respectively. In order to reduce the handoff and fully utilize the spectrum resource, we propose a new spectrum sharing paradigm which not only can just need to adjust the transmit power in spectrum bands instead of frequently handoff between idle spectrum bands, but can fully utilize the spectrum resource as we only consider the interference power constraints in active spectrum bands rather than in all spectrum bands. Then based on this new spectrum sharing paradigm and the constraint conditions, we study the distributed power allocation for secondary users and formulate the optimization problem as a non-cooperative game problem, after that the variational inequality approach is used to solve this game problem and a Nash equilibria solution is got, finally simulation results are illustrated to demonstrate the performance of the proposed scheme.