Chemically Recyclable Conjugated Polymer and One-Shot Preparation of Thermally Stable and Efficient Bulk-Heterojunction from Recycled Monomer

Recyclable conjugated polymers are important for realizing eco-friendly electronics with advantages of solution processability and flexibility. A recyclable conjugated polymer, PY-TIP is developed, of which a key monomer is successfully extracted via a mild depolymerization process and is reused for the synthesis of novel conjugated polymers. One-shot preparation of polymer acceptor and its bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) is demonstrated from the recycled monomer, Y5-TA, for the first time and the resulting BHJ film shows optimal nanoscale morphology for efficient charge generation and transport. As a result, the solar cells prepared using the BHJ film show a higher efficiency of 13.08% and much improved thermal and mechanical stability compared with those based on the small molecular acceptor. These results are important in that the various polymers can be prepared from the recycled monomer in a solid state without organic solvents and purification step and this strategy is effective for improving the thermal and mechanical stability of the BHJ film as well as achieving high photovoltaic performance. PY-TIP is exemplary in that it can reproduce its monomer which can be used to synthesize conjugated polymers with novel chemical structures and physical properties. This work provides a design guideline for developing recyclable conjugated polymers with dynamic covalent bonds.     

基于MRF模型和形态学运算的SAR图像分割

针对目标监测分析中的SAR图像分割问题,构造了一种基于马尔可夫随机场(MRF)模型和形态学运算的处理方法.首先利用SAR图像邻域空间上的马尔可夫性以及像素灰度的高斯分布模型,以较少的迭代次数实现了SAR图像的初分割;然后通过形态学运算进行处理,抑制干扰性分割,同时填充目标区域内部空洞,改善分割效果.实验结果显示,该方法...     

一种基于MRI图像的脑肿瘤组合分割法

从模糊的MRI脑肿瘤的图像中准确找出肿瘤,供医学临床使用。分别采用了2种分割方法：一种是改进的阈值方法,即在进行最大方差阈值法之前首先采用手动阈值法;另一种是采用圆形结构元素作为种子的形态学分割方法。这2种方法均实现了从低对比度MRI脑图像提取目标的要求。灵活使用阈值法和形态学分割方法与医学图像中,具有一定的临床实用价值。     

Morphological Stabilization by Supramolecular Perfluorophenyl‐C60 Interactions Leading to Efficient and Thermally Stable Organic Photovoltaics

A new PC₆₁BM‐based fullerene, [6,6]‐phenyl‐C₆₁ butyric acid pentafluorophenyl ester (PC₆₁BP^F) is designed and synthesized. This new n‐type material can replace PC₆₁BM to form a P3HT:PC₆₁BP^F binary blend or serve as an additive to form a P3HT:PC₆₁BM:PC₆₁BP^F ternary blend. Supramolecular attraction between the pentafluorophenyl group of PC₆₁BP^F and the C₆₀ cores of PC₆₁BP^F/PC₆₁BM can effectively suppress the PC₆₁BP^F/PC₆₁BM materials from severe aggregation. By doping only 8.3 wt% PC₆₁BP^F, device PC₆₁BP^F651 exhibits a PCE of 3.88% and decreases slightly to 3.68% after heating for 25 h, preserving 95% of its original value. When PC₆₁BP with non‐fluorinated phenyl group is used to substitute PC₆₁BP^F, the stabilizing ability disappears completely. The efficiencies of PC₆₁BP651 and PC₆₁BP321 devices significantly decay to 0.44% and 0.11%, respectively, after 25 h isothermal heating. Most significantly, this strategy is demonstrated to be effective for a blend system incorporating a low band‐gap polymer. By adding only 10 wt% PC₆₁BP^F, the PDTBCDTB: PC₇₁BM‐based device exhibits thermally stable morphology and device characteristics. These findings demonstrate that smart utilization of supramolecular interactions is an effective and practical strategy to control morphological evolution.     

Stretching‐Induced Growth of PEDOT‐Rich Cores: A New Mechanism for Strain‐Dependent Resistivity Change in PEDOT:PSS Films

It remains a fundamental challenge in the development of stretchable electronics to understand how mechanical strain changes the electrical properties of materials. Although the piezoresistive behavior of poly(3,4‐ethylene‐ dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has been observed, its intrinsic origin is not yet fully understood because there are many extrinsic contributing factors and an experimental platform with which to assess such behavior has not been established. Here, systematic analysis shows that the matching Poisson's ratio and elastic modulus between PEDOT:PSS films and their underlying substrates is important in decoupling the factors that affect the material's piezoresistivity, allowing for tunable resistivity. Based on such a fundamental understanding, the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS can be controlled to be invariant and decrease as a function of applied tensile stress. Furthermore, a linear response of the resistivity with respect to mechanical strains of up to 60%, which has never before been realized, is shown. The irreversible conductivity enhancement is primarily caused by the coalescence‐induced growth of conductive PEDOT‐rich cores.     

一种全方位多角度自适应形态滤波器及其算法

根据形态滤波器的结构元特性,结合形态开—闭(闭—开)组合运算及自适应算法,建立了一种能有效去除复杂纹理图像中的各种噪声,并较好的保持图像细节的方法。实验证明,这种全方位多角度自适应形态滤波器与现有的中值滤波器、全方位结构元形态闭—开最小、开—闭最大滤波器等非线性滤波器相比较有更好的降噪性能及细节保护能力,扩展了形态滤波器在滤除高斯噪声方面的应用,提高了形态滤波器的适应性。     

基于运动信息和标记多尺度分水岭的运动目标检测算法

针对对称差分法检测目标时容易产生空洞以及当目标运动速度较慢或尺寸较小时易出现漏检等现象,提出了一种基于运动信息和标记多尺度分水岭的运动目标检测算法。首先将用高频强调滤波等处理的视频图像进行差分,再运用高阶统计运动检测算法检测出差分图像中运动目标的大概运动区域,经后处理得到运动目标的初始二值掩膜;并应用初始二值掩膜得到用于标记的前景与背景标识,用该标识修正当前帧的多尺度形态学梯度图像;最后进行分水岭分割,得到具有精确边界的运动目标。实验结果表明该方法能对运动目标进行准确检测,继承了变化检测和分水岭算法速度快的特点,克服了分水岭算法易产生过分割的缺点,且具有良好的鲁棒性。     

车载红外夜视系统行人告警算法研究

对基于红外图像的行人告警算法进行了研究,以单帧图像为基础,利用"3σ准则"进行自适应阈值分割,并在区域标记的基础上对连通域进行特征分析,同时结合连续帧图像中目标的运动规律完成对行人的检测。     

基于高效形态滤波新算法的AM解调

形态滤波在软件无线电中用于解调AM信号,效果显著。文章针对形态算法解调AM信号,提出了新的“增量”开、闭快速形态算法,推导出新算法的实时表达式,论述了新算法在AM解调中结构元素的选取规则。通过与传统形态滤波算法比较,显示出新算法在AM类信号软件解调应用中的效率提高极大。实验仿真,验证了该方法对AM类信号的解调具有与传统算法同样良好效果,抗干扰性强,适合现有软件无线电的应用。     

基于形态学重建和梯度分层修正的分水岭脑肿瘤分割*

针对脑部核磁共振成像(Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI)图像中因噪声、灰度不均匀及边界模糊不连续等造成肿瘤难以准确分割的问题,提出一种基于形态学重建和梯度分层多尺度修正的分水岭分割方法。首先对原始图像进行形态学混合开闭重建以平滑去噪,同时保留目标轮廓信息;然后根据梯度图像的三维地貌体积对其进行分层多尺度修正,自适应地确定修正所需的结构元素尺寸,对低梯度层级采用较大尺寸结构元素进行闭运算修正,消除产生过分割的非规则局部极小值,而对较高梯度层级则采用较小尺寸的结构元素,保持区域轮廓的位置不变;最后在修正基础上,运用标准分水岭变换实现图像分割。实验结果表明,该方法与标准分割的相似度指数和Jaccard指数均较高,且过分割率和欠分割率均较低,具有较好的分割效果。